chapter 6 toward a more perfect union, 1783 - 1788 web
TRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 6CHAPTER 6
Toward a More Perfect Union, 1783 - 1788
Web
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Politics and Change in the New Politics and Change in the New RepublicRepublic
In the Articles of Confederation, the federal government was an agent of the states
Most power was in the hands of states and their strong republican state constitutions
Women get little attention from new government Republican motherhood Judith Sargent Murray
Growing abolition movement in North indicates future problems for Union
Religious freedom of expression grows, but religious tests for public office remain common
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North America in 1783
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Challenges to the ConfederationChallenges to the Confederation
Inability to tax becomes major problem Congress lacks ability to discharge debt Newburgh Conspiracy
Demobilization of troops is additional problem Congress faces large war debt
Robert Morris proposed the Bank of the United States Created in 1781, it was seen by some as tool of commercial
elite
John Jay negotiated with Spain on issue of ports Americans forced to adopt policy changes dealing
with Native Americans Theyendanerea (Joseph Brant)
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Northwest OrdinancesNorthwest Ordinances
Congress passes Northwest Ordinances to regulate settlement there Three ordinances passed (1784, 1785, and 1787) Speculators, like Ohio Company, purchased land rights
from Natives and federal authorities Provide means for distributing land Government hoped to raise revenue Establish guidelines for formation of new states 1787 Ordinance grants citizens’ rights and prohibited
slavery from region
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Western Land Cessions, 1782-1802
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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The Northwest Territory and the Rectangular Survey
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Political and Economic TurmoilPolitical and Economic Turmoil
English demands for payment in specie and imposition of state taxes overburden ordinary Americans
Farmers feel left out of decision-making Massachusetts farmers join Shays’ Rebellion
Daniel Shay Riot Act of Massachusetts Government troops dispersed Shay’s forces Disqualification Act
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The Movement for Constitutional The Movement for Constitutional ReformReform Philadelphia Convention of May 1787 addresses
nation’s problems Constitutional Convention in the fall sets out to
establish a workable government Virginia Plan/ bicameral houses, lower house elected
upper house, appointed executive and judicial branch New Jersey/ one-house, equal representation, expanded
Congressional powers “Great compromise” expands role of federal
government, combined elements of other plans
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Constitutional ReformConstitutional Reform (cont.’d)(cont.’d)
Convention decisions establishment of electoral college balance of power in Congress provision for using population for both representation
and taxation Three-Fifths Compromise
Debate over ratification divides Americans Federalists prevail The Federalist In June 1788, with New Hampshire ratification,
Constitution adopted
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Ratification of Constitution
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Web
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Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions
Analyze the Articles of Confederation. What issues did they fail to address?
Examine the causes and consequences of Shay’s Rebellion.
How did the Northwest Ordinance affect the lives of natives and Americans?
Compare the plans presented at the Constitutional Convention. What compromise was finally adapted?