chapter 5 section 5 party organization. decentralized parties major parties (democrat and...
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CHAPTER 5 SECTION 5
Party Organization
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Decentralized parties
Major parties (Democrat and Republican) are decentralized, or fragmented
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National Level Party Elements
National ConventionNational committeeNational chairpersonCongressional campaign committees
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National convention
Convenes every fourth year, the summer before the presidential election
Roles: nominates candidates for President and Vice President; adopts party rules and platform
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Platform
Formal statement of basic principles, stands on major policy matters, and objectives for the campaign
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National Committee
Meets between conventionsRole: mainly prepares for the next national
convention
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National Chairperson
Selected for a 4-year termRoles: leads national committee, directs party
headquarters, works to strengthen the party
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Congressional Campaign
Takes two years, during a terms of CongressRoles: works to reelect incumbents and to
unseat the other party’s incumbents in each house
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Basic Components of the Party
Party organization – the party machinery’s leaders
Party in the electorate – those followers who usually vote for the party’s candidates
Party in government – the party’s officeholders
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State and Local Party Structure
Usually set by state lawState – central committee headed by a
chairpersonLocal – varies widely; has party unit for each
district in which elections are heldDistricts include congressional and legislative
districts, counties, cities, towns, wards, and precinct.
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Wards and precincts
Wards are small units of a cityPrecincts are subdivision of a ward
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Decline of party strength
Parties have been in decline since the 1960sMore and more voters identify themselves as
independentsSplit-ticket voting, voting for candidates of
different parties in the same election, has increased.
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