Chapter 5 section 5

•Greek colonies in __________attacked by Persian Empire approx. _______ B.C.

Asia Minor

546

•Athens came to help ________ fight. This led to many wars between Greece and Persia called the ____________ Wars.

coloniesPersian

•Persian leader, _________, crushed the Greeks in Asia Minor. He then want to attack and take the ______________ of Greece…Athens!!!

Darius

mainland

•Darius invaded, Athenians were outnumbered but _______________ defeated the Persians. Called the ________________.

AthensBattle of Marathon Nike!

•Darius’ son, ____________, led Persian army and navy against Greece. Greek __________ united as ________ to stop them.

Xerxes

city-states one

•Sparta was wiped out. Persians then headed to __________. Athens was evacuated the city. Persia destroyed it. ______________ and Spartans joined together and defeated Persia.

Athens

Athenians

Battle of Thermopylae

Result of the Persian Wars:

•City-states formed an ____________ called the ____________________. They ___________ to survive invasions. Athens was leader of group. Athens ruler was _____________.

alliance

Delian League united

Pericles

•Pericles expanded Greek empire. This was Greek _______________, called the Age of ____________. Was a time of _________ and __________throughout Greece.

pinnacle Periclespeace prosperity

•Athens ruled all other ___________. Pericles decided to use League’s _________ for Athens only and forced others to join group/alliance.

city-statesmoney

•Sparta ____________ so decided to fight with _____________. Wars between the two called.____________________. Fought for ________ years.

got mad! AthensPeloponnesian Wars

27

•Athens was defeated because Sparta got help from _____________! City-states remained ______________ for a long time after this.

Persians divided

Chapter 6 Section 3…the end

• City states continued to fight each other, weakening Greece.

• To the north, Macedonia became strong.

• Macedonia King, Philip, attacked Greek colonies near Greece & won control.

• Then Philip wanted control of all of Greece.

• Thebes fell, Athens fell to his control.

• One by one Greek city states became Macedonian. Greece as they knew it was gone.

• Philip assassinated 2 years later & son Alexander took over for him. He became “Alexander the Great”.

• Alexander had a goal in life…to take over the know world!

• By 331 BC Alex controlled Greece, Asia Minor, Middle East area, Egypt, Iraq, Iran all the way to Indus River in India.

• As Alexander the Great conquered he spread Greek ideas/culture.

• Greeks = Hellens, Greek culture = Hellenic. Alex spread it far and wide but it mixed with other cultures…

• Asian cultures blended with Greek culture to create new culture = Hellenistic.

• Hellenistic culture thrived until the ROMANS!