C H A P T E R 5 : S E C T I O N 1

TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION

THE PROCLAMATION OF 1763

• Prohibited colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains• Allowed the British to control western movement• Avoid conflicts with Native Americans• Allowed trade between Britain and the colonies to

flourish• 10,000 troops placed in the colonies• Increased revenue to pay for British troops

• Allowed Britain to control the fur trade

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

• Britain was in massive debt from the war• Parliament believes that the colonists

should pay part of the debt• Protected the colonies• Eliminated economic competition from France

WRITS OF ASSISTANCE

• 1767• Legal documents that allowed customs

officers to enter any location to search for smuggled goods

• Vice Admiralty Courts – Smugglers are not allowed jury trials, instead facing military officers

THE SUGAR ACT

• 1764• Lowered tax on imported molasses• Let officers seize goods from smugglers

without going to court

COLONISTS’ REACTION

• British actions violated their rights as English citizens• Writs of assitance – Violated their right to

be secure in their home• Vice-Admiralty Courts - Violated their right

to trial by jury

THE STAMP ACT

• 1765• Placed a tax on almost all printed material• Including:• Newspapers• Wills• Playing cards

• All printed material had to have a stamp

COLONISTS’ REACTION TO THE STAMP ACT

• Patrick Henry- Convinces Virginia House of Burgesses to pass a resolution against the Stamp Act.• Only Virginia can tax Virginians

• Samuel Adams• Boston• Sons of Liberty• Burn effigies- rag figures- representing tax

collectors and destroyed houses of royal officials• Attempt to make royal officials quit enforcing the

taxes

• Merchants boycott British goods• Nonimportation agreements: Pledges not to buy or

use goods imported from Britain

• Parliament repeals the Stamp Act in 1766• Passes the Declaratory Act the same day• Parliament has the right to tax and make decisions for

the British colonies “in all cases”

THE TOWNSHEND ACTS

• 1767• Taxed imported goods such as:• Glass• Tea• Paper

• Colonists organize another boycott• Daughters of Liberty• Urge Americans to wear homemade fabrics and

produce other goods they need