chapter 5 ap united states history
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CHAPTER 5 AP UNITED STATES HISTORY. COLONIAL POPULATION. New England the least ethnically diverse. In 1700’s, colonists “breeding like rabbits” Population doubled every 25 years Average age was 16--population was youthful. By 1775, 90 percent of the people lived in rural (country) areas - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 5AP UNITED STATES HISTORY
COLONIAL POPULATIONIn 1700’s, colonists “breeding like rabbits”
Population doubled every 25 years
Average age was 16--population was youthful
By 1775, 90 percent of the people lived in rural (country) areas
Most were farmers
10 percent lived in urban (city) areas
Major Ethnic GroupsPennsylvania Dutch--people actually from Germany; mislabeledScots-Irish--weren’t Irish at all, just ScottishAfrican Americans--made up about 20% of population
New England the least ethnically diverse
Early America
In colonial America, it was known as the land of opportunity and equality (excluding slaves)
Most Americans were farmers and lived on farms
America allowed anyone to rise in social class including 2 indentured servants who signed Declaration of Independence
In the South, power was in the hands of large land owners
COLONIAL CAREERSIn colonial society, most prestigious occupation was a minister
Doctors were highly unpopularBleeding was a favorite and frequently fatal remedyWhen a doctor wasn’t available, a barber was summonedDisease was common including diphtheria, smallpox
Lawyers not liked much eitherViewed as noisy windbags or troublemakers
Ministers
Physicians
Lawyers
COLONIAL CAREERSAgriculture Agriculture main industry
90 percent of colonials are farmers
The Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies called the “Breadbasket of the World”Middle Colonies are New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Delaware (NYPD)
Americans had the highest standard
of living in the world!!
COLONIAL CAREERS
Fishing
Fishing a major career in New EnglandLed to shipbuilding industry too
Triangular TradeMost famous type of trade in New England was “Triangular Trade”Usually involved New England, Africa, and West Indies
COLONIAL TRANSPORATIONTransportation was very slow in colonial America
Communication was very slowWaterways one of the main routes of transportationTowns sprang up along waterways
Roads were rough and dangerous to travel
Taverns also sprang up along routes of travel
Waterways
RoadsTaverns
Religion in the ColoniesThere were two tax supported churches in the colonies
AnglicanAlso known as the Church of EnglandStrongest church in the Southern coloniesNot as hardcore as Puritan churches
CongregationalMain church of
New England PuritansFound in all New England coloniesMuch more hardcore
First Great Awakening
Name for a religious revival in the 1730’s and 1740’s
Main Leaders
George Whitefield Jonathan Edwards
Most famous sermon was Sinners in the Hands of An Angry God
First Great Awakening added new ingredient of “emotionalism” to religion
Old Lights Those that did not like the new emotionalism
New Lights Those that felt emotionalism is what was needed
RESULTS OF 1ST GREAT AWAKENING
1.Old Lights/New Lights--religions split
2.Two religions boomed--Baptist and Methodists
3.New denominations and religions were started
4.Missionary worked boomed5.New Colleges were started6.Pulled people together
COLONIAL COLLEGE EDUCATION
Most colonial colleges were started for religious reasonsPennsylvania was the only college not started for religious reasonsPennsylvania founded by Ben Franklin
New England more interested in education
The South lagged behind others in educationIn the South, tutors used for wealthiest people
New England
The SouthFamous Colonial Colleges1. Harvard2. William and Mary3. Yale4. Princeton5. Pennsylvania6. Columbia7. Brown8. Rutgers9. Dartmouth
COLONIAL ART
John Trumbull Charles W. Peale
Benjamin West
John S. Copley
COLONIAL LITERATURE
Phillis Wheatley
Ben Franklin
Ex slave girl who became a decent poet
Wasn’t truly educated at all
Known as “First Civilized American”Wrote Poor Richards AlmanacDid experiments with electricityInvented bifocal glassesInvented Franklin Stove--wood stoveInvented the lightening rodInvented the first circulating libraryInvented the rocking chair
Famous trial dealing with freedom of the press
Trial took place in 1735
John Peter Zenger was a newspaper editor charged with liable
Had written negatively about the Royal Governor; found not guilty
Laid the foundation for the freedom of the press
John Peter Zenger Trial