Chapter 5: Ancient GreeceLesson 9: Late Classical & Hellenistic

Warm-up 10-17-14 Ch.5 L10 Greece

Respond to the following:1. What is the narrative of this work?2. What are the stylistic

characteristics? Why are they significant?

Obj: SWBAT describe the context and significance of the Battle of Issus

Announcements:1st quarter Grades Due

Next Friday Oct 24th Late work due by

Monday Oct 20th at 5pm

Monday: Quiz on Greece & ALL cue cards due

Agenda: Warm-up Announcements and

Reminders Review Acropolis

structures Crash course video Notes Think-pair-share

Office HoursTuesday 3:00-4:00Thursday 3:00-4:00

Philoxenes of Eretria, Battle of IssusNarrative:

• Battle between Alexander the Great and Persian king Darius III• Alexander impales an enemy but gazes at Darius

• Alexander battles without a helmet• Darius flees in humiliating defeat, his charioteer whipping horses and speeding away• Darius reaches toward Alexander in a pathetic gesture

Philoxenes of Eretria, Battle of IssusSignificance:

• New notion of what painting should be—beginnings of the Renaissance style

• Psychological intensity and drama of the moment captured

• Use of light and shadow (shading) and clear presentation of figures against the background

Works you must research on your own

Details of the Panathenaic Festival procession frieze

Grave stele of Hegeso

NIOBID PAINTER, Artemis and Apollo slaying the children of Niobe

Krater

3-Quarter Profile

Late Classical

Hermes and the infant Dionysos

How has Greek painting changed over the course of the archaic/classical eras? What are the reasons for these changes?

• (What are the stylistic differences and between these works? What cultural changes happened to cause these differences? )

Early vs. Late Greek painting

Philoxenes of Eretria

Battle of Issus (detail) ca. 310 BCE

Geometric krater, from the Dipylon cemetery, ca. 740 BCE

Hellenistic Art

HellenisticEarly Classical

Hellenistic Era Context• Death of Alexander the Great in

323 BCE• Era ends with death/suicide of

Queen Cleopatra and her consort Mark Antony

3 Major Kingdoms emerge:1. Alexandria in Egypt2. Antioch in Syria3. Pergamon in Asia Minor

• Hellenistic Kings are immensely rich• Indulging in libraries, art

collections, scientific pursuits, being critics and connoisseurs

Hellenistic Era Context3 Major Kingdoms emerge:1. Alexandria in Egypt2. Antioch in Syria3. Pergamon in Asia Minor

• Hellenistic Kings are immensely rich• Indulging in libraries, art

collections, scientific pursuits, being critics and connoisseurs

Artistically:• Art becomes dramatic• Rejection of Polyklietos concepts

of statues—no longer ideally proportioned or self-contained

Altar of Zeus, Pergamon

Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey

Context: City of Pergamon is given to Rome, which is the greatest power

in the worldThe Attalids -Kingdom of Attalos, after Alexander’s empireFunction: Temple/worship

Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey

Stylistic Characteristics: • Elevated platform with sculpted frieze 400 ft long• Ionic ColonnadeNarrative/Figures• Gigantomachy --Zeus and the gods battle the giants• Epic conflict for control of the worldSignificance• Narrative of the gigantomachy represents the Attalid victory over the

Gauls of Asia Minor

Athena battling Alkyoneos, Altar of Zeus gigantomachy

Athena battling Alkyoneos, Gigantomachy frieze, Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey

Narrative/Figures• Athena (similar to Parthenon pediment Athena), Gaia (Earth Goddess)

remerges from the ground—looks on in horror• Athena grabs hair of the Alkyoneos• Nike flies over to crown AthenaStylistic Characteristics• Battle is violent and emotionally intense with sweeping draperie• Deep carving = dark shadows more dramatic• Described as “Baroque” from 17th century European sculpture

• Work is ahead of its time

Nike alighting on a warship (Nike of Samothrace)

Location: Sanctuary of Great Gods on island of

Samothrace, atop a fountainNarrative/FiguresWinged goddess of VictoryWould raise her missing arm to crown a

naval (on a ship at sea) victor

Nike alighting on a warship (Nike of Samothrace)Stylistic Characteristics• The wind appears sweeps the drapery• Dress has thick folds and bunches, is

pulled tight across the abdomen• Placement on fountain adds to theatrical

quality of rushing waves• Reflection in water, sound of splashing

water• Statue interacts with its environment • Statue is like a living, breathing, emotive

humanSignificance:Rejection of Polyklietos concepts of statues

—no longer ideally proportioned or self-contained

Seated boxer

Exit SlipWhat cultural beliefs do these pieces represent about the classical Greek era? Use 3

examples of VISUAL evidence from these works to justify your answers.The Parthenon/Doryphorous was constructed with.. The function of the Parthenon/Doryphorous was..

Visual Evidence Cultural meaning

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Exit Slip—No Notes Allowed

• List the 3 unusual characteristics about the Temple of Hera I Paestum, Italy