Chapter 43

Review

A. Deponent Verbs – Passive in form but active in

meaning

1st: conor, conāri, conatus sum – to try

2nd: vereor, verēri, veritus sum – to be afraid,

fear

3rd: loquor, loqui, locutus sum – to speak, talk

4th: experior, experīri, expertus sum – to test,

try

Activity 1 – Conjugate the following deponent verbs in the tense indicated.

Latin singular English singular Latin plural English plural

1st:        

2nd:        

3rd:        

Semi-deponent verbs – regular active forms with active

meanings in the present, imperfect, and future tenses

but have passive forms with active meanings in the

perfect, pluperfect and future perfect.

audeo, audēre, ausus sum + infinitive – to dare

gaudeo, gaudēre, gavisus sum – to be glad, rejoice

soleo, solēre, solitus sum + infinitve – to be accustomed

(to), be in the habit of

  active passive

present vocans, vocantis- calling, while calling

stem + -ns, -ntis

 

perfect   vocatus, vocata, vocatum – having been called

4th principal part + adjective endings

future   

 

Participles

  active passive

present   

 

perfect   

 

future   

 

Infinitives

  active passive

present audīre – to hear

2nd principal part

audīri – to be heard

2nd principal part –e + -i3rd conjujation - poni

perfect audivisse – to have heard

3rd principal part – i + -isse

  

future   

 

  active passive

present   

 

perfect   

 

future   

 

Subjunctive moodA. Indicative – factual

Imperative – commandsSubjunctive – non factual

Forms - active

imperfect pluperfect

1st: peterem peteremus petivissem petivissemus

2nd: peteres peteretis petivisses petivissetis

3rd: peteret peterent petivisset petivissent

I was looking for I had looked for

imperfect pluperfect

1st: essem essemus fuissem

fuissemus

2nd: esses essetis fuisses fuissetis

3rd: esset essent fuisset fuissent

I was I had been

Clauses1. Cum Causal Clauses – since, because

Hic, cum calorem vaporem vix pati possent, haud multum morabantur.

Here, since they were scarcely able to endure the heat and steam, they did not stay a long time.

2. Cum Circumstantial Clauses – whenQuo cum Titus pervenisset, in vestibulum ingresses

est.When Titus had arrived there, he entered the entrance passage.

3. Indirect QuestionsMaxime enim cupiebant cognoscere qui homines

praeclari iam in urbe adessent.   They especially wanted to learn what famous men were now present in the city.

Activity 4 – Conjugate the following verbs in the subjunctive, imperfect and pluperfect active giving both Latin and English.

Latin singular English singular Latin plural English plural

1st:        

2nd:        

3rd:        

Forms – passiveimperfect pluperfect

1st: portārer portāremur portatus,-a,-um essem portati,-ae,-a essemus

2nd: portāreris portāremini portatus,-a,-um esses poratati,-ae,-a essetis

3rd: portāretur portārentur poratatus,-a,-um esset poratati,-ae,-a essent

1. imperfect – 2nd principal part + passive endings

2. pluperfect – 4th principal part + subjunctive imperfect of sum, esse

. . . cum ille semper *vidēretur omnia audivisse et vidisse . . .

. . . since he seemed always to have heard and seen everything . . .

*video, vidēre, - can mean to seem in the passive

Cum in tepidarium *regressi essent . . .

When *they had returned into the warm room . . . *deponent verb – passive in form, active in

meaning 

Activity 5 – Conjugate the following verbs in the subjunctive, imperfect and pluperfect passive.

Latin singular English singular Latin plural English plural

1st:        

2nd:        

3rd:        

Activity 6 – Translate the following sentences with cum causal clauses.

1. Cum Cornleius se nimis exercuisset, maxime defessus erat.

2. Cum Cornelius in caldario vaporem vix *pati posset, haud multum ibi moratus est.

(*active infinitive of deponent verb)

3. Cum Cornelius vapore caldarii paene oppresses esset, in tepidarium

regresses est.

4. Cum Cornelius tergeri vellet, e tepidario egressus est.

Activity 7 – Translate the following sentences with cum circumstantial clauses.

1. Cum Cornelius in Campum Martium descendisset, in Thermas Neroneas ingressus est.

2. Cum Cornelius amicis heri occurrisset, eos de rebus urbanis rogavit.

3. Cum Cornelius in vestibulum ingrederetur, ab amicis salutabatur.

4. Cum Cornelius et amici in palaestram inīrent, multi cives ibi se exercebant.

5. Cum alii luctārentur, Cornelius cum duobus amicis trigone ludebat.

Activity 8 – Translate the following indirect questions.

1. Rogabant Titum quid de rebus urbanis audivisset.

2. Rogabant Titum quid princeps contra incendia faceret.

3. Rogabant Cornelium cur in caldario paene collapsus esset.

4. Rogabant Cornelium cur e thermis nunc egrederetur.