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Chapter 4 The Action Potential

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Page 1: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Chapter 4 The Action Potential

Page 2: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Nernst Relation

[ion] out

[ion] in

E = 61.54 mV log10

Page 3: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Goldman Equation

Pk[Ko] + PNa[Nao]

Pk[Kin] + PNa[Nain]Vm = 60 log10

Page 4: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10
Page 5: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10
Page 6: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10
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Page 8: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Time Course of Action Potential

Page 9: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10
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Page 12: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Injecting Current into Neuron

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Frequency vs Depolarization

Page 14: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

MembraneCurrents and

Conductances

Page 15: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Flipping Potential by Changing

Conductance

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Sodium Channel Structure

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Na Selectivity Filter

Page 18: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10
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Depolarization Changes Configuration

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Polarization Opens Na Channel

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Question 1

• A new monovalent ion, zirconium, is found to be 100 times more concentrated outside than inside the neural membrane. The neuron has channels that are selectively permeable to zirconium. What is the equilibrium potential for zirconium?

a. +60 mV, b. -60 mV, c. +90 mV, d. -90 mV, e. +120 mV, f. -120 mV.

Page 27: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Question 2

• At the normal resting state there is no net current through the membrane. What is the Na/K pump doing?

a. nothing,

b. moving ions out,

c. moving ions in,

d. moving some ions in and moving others out

Page 28: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Question 3

During the action potential, the sodium current is terminated by the sodium inactivation gate. How is the potassium current terminated?

a. Potassium inactivation gate

b. membrane voltage

c. depletion of potassium ions,

d. it’s not terminated

Page 29: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Question 4

• When a membrane is “charged” and maintains a voltage across it, most of the ions responsible for the charge are located just adjacent to the membrane. This distribution exists because:

a. The membrane is sticky for ions, b. ions are repelled by the cytoplasm, c. ions are attracted to the other side of the

membrane, d. ions like to accumulate near the ion-selective

channels.

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Page 31: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Patch Electrode Channel

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Channel Openings

Page 34: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Inward Naand

Outward KCurrents

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Page 36: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Time Course of Action Potential

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Propagation

Page 42: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Propagation

Page 43: Chapter 4 The Action Potential. Nernst Relation [ion] out [ion] in E = 61.54 mV log 10

Electrotonic Decay

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Myelination

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Nodes of Ranvier

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Site of ActionLidocaine

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Density of Channels = Site of Initiation


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