Chapter 4

Notes

Puritans

• Did not want to separate entirely from the Church of England.

• Wanted to reform the church of England.

• They wanted to do away with many of the practices that were inherited from the Roman Catholic Church.

Charles I

• Became King in 1625• Disapproved of the Puritans and there

ideas.• Canceled Puritan business charters, had

Puritans expelled from universities, and even jailed them.

– For the above reasons, and many more, the Puritans left England

In North America

• In 1629, the Puritans sent a small advanced party to North America.

• John Winthrop and his larger party arrived the following year.

• Set up the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Show video 1 and 2

Governing the New Colony

• See Page 95

• Note Important facts from the section1.

2.

3.

Settling Connecticut

• In May 1636, a Puritan Minister named Thomas Hooker led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts bay.

• They built a town called Hartford.• In 1639 they wrote a plan of government

called the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.

• In 1662, Connecticut became a separate colony. (granted by the King of England)

Life in New England

• Conflicts with Indians

• Land of tightly knit towns and villages

• They took religion seriously

• Government- used town meetings to vote and discuss important issues. Puritan laws were very strict

• Farming, although difficult, and fishing were an important part of life.

Show video 3

The Middle Colonies

• New York• New Jersey• Pennsylvania• Delaware

New York

• New Netherland becomes New York

• King Charles II of England gave New Netherland to his brother, the Duke of York. It was renamed New York in the Duke’s honor.

• Original Settlers lived along the Hudson River.

Show video 10

New Jersey

• Originally part of the New York Colony

• Duke of York gave land to his friends to start a proprietary colony (they called it New Jersey)

• New Jersey attracted people from many lands. France, Ireland, Sweden, etc…

• In 1702 New Jersey became a Royal Colony.

Pennsylvania

• Founded by William Penn in 1682.

• Was a personal friend of King Charles II

• Penn shocked his friends and family by joining the Quakers. The Quakers were the most despised group in England.

Quakers believed All men and women were equal.

Image of William Penn

Delaware

• Was originally part of Pennsylvania

• They were too far from Philadelphia......

• In 1701 Penn allowed them to elect their own assembly.

• Later they broke away from PA and created Delaware.

Life in the Middle Colonies

• Excellent Farm Land• Growing of cash crops- crops to be sold• Settlers had to clear thick forests• Conflict with Indians• Homes tended to be far away from each other

• Read page 103 – Life in the Middle Colonies

The Southern Colonies

• Maryland

• Virginia

• The Carolinas

• Georgia

Maryland

• 1632 Sir George Calvert persuaded King Charles I to grant him land for a colony.

• He died before his project was complete….his son, Lord Baltimore pushed on with his project.

• To ensure growth, Maryland practiced Religious toleration. This only included Christians.

Show video 6

The Carolinas

• In the Northern region, farms tended to be small. Settled by tobacco farmers who had moved south.

• In the Southern region, English nobles had set up larger settlements.

• In the Carolinas there was a great need for laborers. Initially, settlers attempted to enslave Native Americans. Later they turned to the African slave trade.

Show video 11

Georgia

• Last of the 13 Colonies.

• James Oglethorpe wanted a place where debtors( people who owed money and could not repay it) could make a fresh start.

• Established in 1732

Life in the Southern Colonies

• Enjoyed warmer weather and longer planting seasons

• Large profits could be made from large plantations.

• Early plantations were located along rivers and creeks of the costal plains.

• Plantations relied heavily on slavery.

Governing the Colonies

• England believed the Colonies existed for the benefit of the home country.

• England attempted to ensure that England was the only country that benefited from trade with the colonies.

• Each Colony had a governor. Governors were appointed by the King.

Colonial Culture

Life in a Colonial Cabin

Indentured Servant

Show video 7

Trade with the Natives

Colonial Port of Charles Town (Charleston S.C.)