chapter 4 notes
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This power point was made by Mrs. Kretchmer for chapter 4.TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 4: Agriculture and Society
4.1 Food Production
1790 – 95% of people in the US were farmers
2000 – 2% are farmers
Pennsylvania Farming
Leading producers of:– Milk– Eggs– Mushrooms
Today’s Farming Trends
From Small Farms– Families
To Large Farms– Corporations
Green Revolution
Modern farming methods
– Irrigation– Equipment– Buildings
Green Revolution
Cheaper Food = Higher standard of living
Problems– Manure– Pollution– Pesticide Resistance
Developing Countries
Human Labor Work Animals Shifting Cultivation
4.2 Food and Fiber
From Farm to Market1. Production
2. Food Processing
3. Packaging
4. Transportation and Distribution
5. Wholesale
6. Markets
From Farm to Market
7. Marketing
8. Regulations
9. Research and Development
10 USDA Farming Regions
1. Northeast1. Mushrooms
2. Cranberries
2. Lake States1. Dairy
3. Appalachian States1. Tobacco
10 USDA Farming Regions
4. Southeast1. Citrus Crops
5. Delta States1. Fishing
2. Sugar Cane
6. Corn Belt1. Soybeans
2. Wheat
10 USDA Farming Regions
7. Northern Plains1. Grasses
2. Barley
8. Southern Plains1. Cattle
10 USDA Farming Regions
9. Mountain States1. Potatoes
10. Pacific1. Fruit
4.3 Soil
Renewable resource But it takes 1,000 years
to make 1 inch
Soil Erosion
A major problem caused by
– Wind– Runoff– Logging
Soil Conservation
It must be conserved to be reused
– Conservation tillage– No-till cultivation
Farming Methods
Contour Farming Strip Cropping Terracing
Soil must be fertilized
Natural– Manure– Compost– Crop Rotation
Artificial– Miracle Grow– Nitrate and Phosphate
enriched
Farms and People
People today have access to a lot!
– Pineapples from Hawaii
US Farmers supply the world with food
The world grows enough food bus some countries can’t afford it
Food Safety
We must practice food safety
– USDA– FDA– EPA
4.4 Agriculture and Technology
Advances in the last 50 years have outdone the last 50,000
– Cotton Gin– Steel Plow– Transcontinental
Railroad– Tractor
Biotechnology
Changing the genetic makeup of plants Allows scientists to improve crops artificially We have been doing this for 10,000 years
Biotechnology
Problems– Expensive– Not sure of long term effects
Benefits– Wider ranges for plants to be productive– More crops and livestock