chapter 4 nationalism and collective consciousness
TRANSCRIPT
Curriculum Info
Dealing specifically with:
Canadian nationalismAmerican NationalismQuebecois Nationalism
Dealing specifically with:
Canadian nationalismAmerican NationalismQuebecois Nationalism
Canadian Identity
__________ ____________ - a group shares similar __________, ________, and __________ feelings based on their shared experiences
a ______
a song
a ___________
An Overview of Canadian History
Exploration/Invasion
________ Establishment
__________
Language
_____________
Future Visions (Part 4)
When did Canada become a nation?
after the American Revolution, when thousands of loyalists moved north from America
on July 1, 1867 when NB, NS, ON, QC signed the British North America Act
in 1885, when the trans-Canada railroad was completed
during WWI when Canadian troops first fought together
Canadian Citizenship Act of 1947
Constitution Act of 1982
when the first aboriginal peoples lived on its lands, long before Europeans arrived
http://www.portraits.gc.ca/091/009001-misc31-e.gif
Canada’s First Colonists
early French - ____ France - spanned from Labrador to _________
________ North America - loyalist colonies and territories of the British Empire that remained after the American Revolution
The key is to remember we are talking about ______ and not _____ _______ groups involved
Constitutional Act of _____
legally established ___ provinces with ________ governments under a joint governor-in-chief
How does this reflect a very limited sense of who ‘citizens’ actually could be?
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Canada_provinces_evolution.gif
Building the _____________
The British North America Act was originally passed in _____ (___________ Act)
In ________ , passed the ____________ - spoke of fundamental freedoms, legal rights and _______ before the law
The Constitution Act could only be changed by __________
The Charter was inspired by the ______ _______ ________ Declaration of Human Rights
and by the _____ , _________ __________ for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
______ - Canadian government set up a special ____________________ to hear what Canadians had to say about the Charter
______ recommendations were made to improve the Charter
It was difficult for the provinces to agree to changes of the Constitution (we will talk about this in much more detail)
A plan was struck to give provinces a way of temporarily avoiding some parts of the Charter (Section ___ - “_____________________”)
This opened the door for a __________ that _______ a Charter of Rights and Freedoms
The Charter is in the _______ _____ (1982)
It received final approval on _____________ in Ottawa, where Queen ___________ signed which gave Canada control over the Constitution
Charter of Rights and Freedoms (_______)
of _________ and _________
of thought, ________, _______, expression (press)
of peaceful _________
of association
presumption of ___________
right to _____, _________ and security of person
security against _____________ search and seizure
Understanding the Charter
Which values and beliefs are reflected in the Charter?
Could the support of the ideals of the Charter reflect a shared collected consciousness for Canadians?
Determining your Rights
Which right(s) do you feel are most important?
Which ones often go overlooked?
Are there some rights you are willing to give up?
What if giving those up promotes a greater sense of ...?
Francophone
___________ - is a term that refers to people whose first language is French.
Francophones in Quebec began to use the term Quebecois to refer to themselves in the latter half of the 20th century
Francophone and Quebecois
Who are the Quebecois? - those who spoke French in Canada called themselves “Canadien” or “Canadien-francais”
Being Canadien developed a shared experience based on life in New France
Francophone identity as Quebecois emerged in the 20th Century as both a ______ and _________ distinction from the Anglophone population in Canada and other Francophones elsewhere in the country
Recent economic perspectives - Quebec
over the last several decades, Quebec’s economy was largely in the hands of the province’s English-speaking population
early 20th century, English and Americans were encouraged to establish themselves in Quebec
this led to ________ ________ between English and French speakers
this had led to a generation of Francophones who wanted greater _________ opportunities
“Masters in our own house”
In 1960, the liberal government of Jean Lesage was elected
They introduced a series of reforms
These were instrumental in reversing the economic and political leadership of Quebec
Turning control over to French-speaking citizens of Quebec
The ______ Revolution
the modernization of Quebec’s industries
the _____________ of the hydroelectric industry
reforms to the education system
establishment of social _______ and ________ institutions to offer services in French
Lesage’s Legacy
Reforms not only shaped Quebecois collective identity, it also reduced the Anglophone identity in Quebec
He helped create a generation of young and educated Francophones who strongly identified themselves as Quebecois
During this time, many ideas regarding the necessity for constitutional change and regarding Quebec’s status in Canada were discussed
Ideas of co-operative federalism, special status, sovereignty association and complete separation
The Parti Quebecois
For a few, the ideas of the Quiet Revolution did not go far enough:- Rassemblement pour l’independence nationale (RIN - 1960)- Parti republicain du Quebec (1962)- Mouvement Souverainete-Association (Rene Levesque, the MSA - 1967)
The ____ was founded in ________ by uniting the RIN and the MSA
spring election (1970) - 23% of popular vote but only had 7 seats (total = 108) in National Assembly
________ ________ of 1970
Front de liberation du Quebec (______)
a radical group that sparked violence and protest (kidnapping and murder)
Government of Canada - ______________ - resulted in the ________ of citizens’ legal rights and the arrest and detention of over ____ Quebecois without any charges
______ many about the ________ of Quebec and Canada
Royal Commission on Bilingualism and
Biculturalism
PM Lester B. Pearson (1963)
charged to investigate and report the existing state within Canada and recommend steps that should be taken
active role of government in language politics
frame government and language politics in terms of equality and a common community
both languages to be promoted across Canada
Francophone Quebecois
PM __________ _______ Trudeau
Official Languages Act of _____
repatriation of our Constitution (1982)
both would __________ a future for Francophone Quebecois in a Canadian ___________
“bringing home” of the Constitution
For many Quebecois, the linguistic and education rights in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms did not go far enough to realize their ideal of Quebec as a nation
During this time period, Rene Levesque offered sovereignty-association as a means to achieve an independent nation-state for the Quebecois
1980 - voters (60%) rejected this move towards independence
Quebec’s _________
did not participate in constitutional conferences
_________ rights were difficult to amend
Ontario had a defacto veto (7/10 provinces and 50% population vote)
________ amending formula
Political Environment
new government - ____________ (Brian Mulroney)
“________ ________” clause
________________ veto for Quebec
role for Quebec in appointing judges
increased powers in the field of immigration
limitation of federal spending
________ Lake AccordDistinct Society - Quebec’s distinctive character
fundamental characteristic of Canadian society
Tension over “_____________________”
provide reasonable compensation for provinces who chose to opt out and establish a similar program that was “compatible with national objectives”
Constitutional Change
unanimous consent of Parliament and all 10 provincial legislatures for amendment
given Quebec (all others) veto power in key areas
Immigration
shared between federal and provincial powers
Quebec wanted a greater role in the selection process
__________ Accord
______ - Mulroney attempted to pass ‘distinct society’
________ after a nation-wide _____________
_______ Referendum
narrowly rejection of sovereignty -association
First _________
When reading Chapter 4 do you notice a very _____________ attempt by the authors to situate an __________ timeline?
Compare this to the Quebecois?
Does this _______ a different sense of ___________?