CHAPTER 4 LESSON 4

Dutch and French Colonies

New Netherland

The Dutch began to settle in the area that Henry Hudson had explored.

This area was called New Netherland (The Dutch are from Netherland).

Their first settlement was a fur-trading post. The governor of New Netherland bought

Manhattan Island from the Indians and started a settlement called New Amsterdam.

The Dutch also took over a Swedish colony in the area.

The Dutch Settlement: New Amsterdam

New Amsterdam had one of the best harbors in North America. It was located at the mouth of the Hudson River.

The Dutch and Swedish Colonies

Settlers in New Netherland

The Dutch West India Company was an important trading company in Netherland and they controlled the New Netherland settlements in North America. The Dutch West India Company could not get many people from Netherland to go to the New World.They had to look for settlers from other countries. This gave New Netherland its diversity. Diversity is the

variety of people in a group.

New Netherland

Peter Stuyvesant became governor of New Netherland.

He made laws that angered the colonists. He did not believe in tolerance.

Tolerance is

respecting beliefs that are different from one’s own beliefs. Stuyvesant did not want people with

other beliefs in the colony. The colonists were very unhappy with

Governor Stuyvesant.

New York

In 1664, the English attacked the New Netherland colony.

The colonists were so unhappy that they did not fight back.

England claimed the Dutch colony and named it ‘New York’ after Duke York from England.

New France

In the early 1600’s, France claimed land in present day Canada.

This land was called ‘New France’.

Not many settlers lived there. The cold climate made farming hard.

Most of the settlers who lived there were fur traders and they lived near the fur trading post of Quebec.

New France

Missionaries moved to New France and taught people about Catholicism.

They built missions in the New France area.

A missionary is

a person who teaches his or her religion to others who have different beliefs.

The Fur Trade

French merchants made money selling the fur from the animals that lived in the area: beaver, fox, and otter.

The fur traders traded with the Indians. The Indians gave the French traders fur and the French gave the Indians goods such as beads, pots, knives, and cloth.

The French and Indians become partners The French formed a

partnership with the Huron and Algonquin Indians.

The Huron and Algonquin Indians were currently at war with the powerful Iroquois Indians.

French fur traders, led by Samuel de Champlain helped the Huron and Algonquin Indians fight the Iroquois Indians.

Samuel de Champlain

Exploring the Mississippi River

Jacques Marquette was a missionary in New France.

In 1673, he and Louis Jolliet traveled by canoe down the Mississippi River to set up missions.

They were also looking for a passage that might lead to the Pacific Ocean.

Lesson Summary

Vocabulary Review a strip of land that

stretches into a body of water

cape

A person who makes a long journey for religious reasons An agreement A crop that a farmer grows only to sell

A share or part of a company

pilgrim

compact cash

crop

stock Two or more timelines

grouped together

Parallel timelines

Vocabulary Review A person who agreed to work for a

certain number of years in return for passage to America, food, clothing, and shelter

Indentured servant

A written agreement giving someone the right to establish a colony Put money into a business in the hope of earning a profit The entry of an armed force into another country to conquer it A fleet of warships

charter

invest

invasion

armada Something declared to belong

to someone, especially landclaim

Vocabulary Review

Acceptance of different beliefs or behavior

The variety of backgrounds found in a group of people Someone who travels to do religious work

tolerance

diversity

missionary