Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function

Practice Test

answers

The combination of what features would be found in a prokaryotic cell?

1. nucleoid, ribosome, cell wall

2. cell wall, nucleus, chloroplast

3. mitochondrion, cell wall, flagellum

4. nucleoid, mitochondrion, cilia

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All cells possess a plasma membrane, which functions to ________.

1. enclose the cell

2. isolate the cell from random disturbances in the environment

3. allow metabolic events to occur in an orderly fashion

4. all of the choices

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Cells are typically small because ________.

1. a greater number of small cells can occupy any space compared to larger cells

2. just like sand and gravel, smaller objects can pack together more tightly

3. their volumes increase at a faster rate than the surface area

4. small cells require less food than large cells

In eukaryotes, the nucleus ________.

1. is always located in the center of the cell

2. isolates the DNA from exposure to damaging chemical reactions

3. is the site where most proteins are synthesized

4. all of the choices

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The endosymbiotic theory suggests that both ________ were once free-living organisms that lived as parasites within ancient prokaryotes.

1. centrioles and nucleosomes

2. mitochondria and ribosomes

3. Golgi bodies and lysosomes

4. chloroplasts and mitochondria

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Actin is the primary component of ________.

1. intermediate fibers

2. microfilaments

3. microtubules

4. all of the choices

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Bacterial cell walls often contain a polysaccharide capsule, which functions to

________.

1. poison heterotrophs that might attempt to feed on the bacteria

2. aid in cell attachment

3. focus light and improve photosynthesis

4. selectively regulate what materials enter and leave the cell

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In addition to the plasma membrane, all cells begin life with ________.

1. a cell wall

2. DNA and cytoplasm

3. mitochondria and ribosomes

4. plastids and vacuoles

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A cell membrane is formed from a lipid bilayer and protein; what functional

contribution does the lipid bilayer contribute?

1. it lubricates cell surfaces and reduces friction with the environment

2. it serves as a source of energy

3. it prevents the free passage of water-soluble substances across it

4. all of the choices

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Which combinations of features are unique to plant cells?

1. cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplast

2. chloroplast, lysosome, Golgi body

3. central vacuole, nucleoplasm, centriole

4. cell wall, mitochondrion, plasmadesmata

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Lysosomes contain ________ and bud from the ________.

1. waste products, rough ER

2. waste products, Golgi body

3. digestive enzymes, smooth ER

4. digestive enzymes, Golgi body

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Match the organelle with the appropriate activity.

1. mitochondria - synthesis of ATP

2. smooth ER - synthesis of protein

3. chromoplast - synthesis of lysosomes

4. rough ER - processes materials for exocytosis

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Which organelle has inner and outer compartments and an inner membrane

containing ATP synthase?

1. the nucleus

2. the Golgi body

3. the mitochondrion

4. the centriole

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What kind of cell junctions allow rapid flow of substances into the cytoplasm of adjacent

cells?

1. plasmodesmata and gap junctions

2. adhering junctions and tight junctions

3. tight junctions and plasmodesmata

4. gap junctions and adhering junctions

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The cytoskeleton functions in eukaryotes to ________.

1. reinforce the structure of the cell

2. move the cell through the physical environment

3. move cellular components through the cytoplasm

4. all of the choices

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