Chapter 3.4

What challenges did the first English colonies in North America face?

How did Virginia begin a tradition of representative government

What groups of people made up the new arrivals in Virginia after 1619.

PLEASE READ PAGES 87-91

Sir Walter Raleigh with permission from Queen Elizabeth, 1585 founded the colony known as Roanoke. Roanoke, an island off the coast of North Carolina. The first settler quarreled and left back for England

Another group, settled under John White, supplies ran low, so White went back to England, returning 3 years latter to find no one.

20 years passed until a new colony was established under the Virginia Company (1606).

A charter given by King James I gave rights to a person or company.

Allowed Virginia Company access to all lands from North Carolina to Potomac River

Spring of 1607- 105 colonist arrive establish a colony on the James River

Swampy areas contribute to Malaria 13 men governed the colony, but they

quarreled. Starvation (Colony did not plant enough

food). Tobacco made Jamestown profitable,

colony began to grow.

Reforms of 1619- new governor brought to Jamestown to entice new settlers.

Male settlers could select a representative known as Burgesses.

An assembly of Burgesses was called the House of Burgesses. (Marking first representative government).

Idea of political rights established

Came from Magna Carta in 1215 (King John). King could not raise taxes

without approval from nobles and church

Great Council became Parliament House of Lords and House of

Commons

Free Virginian had better rights than Englishmen, they did not have to own land to vote.

1670, changed rule to require only white men with land could vote.

Virginia Company charter influenced the “Great Charter”, which was the first representative document of North America.

Women in Virginia- 1608, Mistress Forrest and Anne

Burris 1619, 100 women recruited Women survived better than men

African Americans 1619- sold as laborers to work

tobacco harvest Anthony Johnson-First freeman

working 250 acres of land, 5 servants

Peter Mimuit led Dutch Settlers to the mouth of the Hudson River

Bought Manhattan from Native Americans, then called it New Amsterdam (New York)

Grew into busy port, profited from trade.

Trading posts like New Orange (Albany), established along the Hudson River