chapter 32 section 2 invertebrates & vertebrates
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 32Section 2
Invertebrates & Vertebrates
![Page 2: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Invertebrate Characteristics
• Adult invertebrates show tremendous amount of morphological diversity
![Page 3: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Symmetry• Radial- jellyfish
• Bilateral- motile lifestyle- California sea hare
![Page 4: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Segmentation• Segmentation- body composed of
repeating similar units
• Examples: earthworm & crayfish
![Page 5: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Support of the body• Sponges = soft tissue
• Round worms = fluid-filled cavities
• Exoskeleton- rigid outer covering that protects the soft tissues of many animals, especially arthropods
![Page 6: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Respiratory System
• Animals give off CO2 by a means of gas exchange
• Gills- organs that consist of blood vessels surrounded by a membrane and are specialized for gas exchange in water
![Page 7: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Circulatory System
• Moves blood to transport O2 & nutrients to cells
• CO2 & waste is moved away from cells
• Sponges & cnidarians have no circulatory system
![Page 8: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Circulatory System• Arthropods have an open-
circulatory system- circulatory fluid is pumped by the heart through vessels and into the body cavity & returned to the vessels
![Page 9: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Circulatory System• Annelids & mollusks have a
closed circulatory system- blood is pumped by a heart and circulates through the body in vessels that form a closed loop
![Page 10: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Reproduction• Sexual & asexual reproduction
• Earthworm
• Hermaphrodite- organism that produces both male and female gametes, allowing an individual to function as both male & female
![Page 11: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Development• Indirect development- immature form
of organism that is morphologically different from adult stage- Larva
• Direct development- young animal is born or hatched with the same appearance as adult- no larva stage
![Page 12: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Vertebrate Characteristics
• Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds & mammals
![Page 16: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Segmentation & body support
• Vertebrate- repeating bony units of the backbone
• Terrestrial vertebrates evolved from aquatic vertebrates
• Endoskeleton- internal skeleton made of bone and cartilage
![Page 17: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Body Coverings• Integument- outer covering of an
animal
• What different types of integuments do you know of? HINT: think of different animals & environments
![Page 18: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Respiratory• Lungs- organs for gas exchange
composed of moist, membranous surfaces deep inside the animal’s body
![Page 20: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Circulatory• Vertebrates have a closed
circulatory system with a multi-chambered heart
• Multi-chambered heart separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
![Page 21: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Digestive• Digestion occurs in the gut, which
runs from the mouth to the anus
![Page 22: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Excretory• Kidneys- filter wastes from the
blood while regulating water levels in the body
![Page 23: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Reproduction• Fish & amphibians- eggs & sperm
are released directly into water
• Reptiles, birds & mammals- egg & sperm unite in body
![Page 24: Chapter 32 Section 2 Invertebrates & Vertebrates](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061614/56649ee15503460f94bf142f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
REVIEW!!!• Identify the function for body
coverings.
• Compare the structure of endoskeletons & exoskeletons.
• How might the segmentation of arthropods help them survive?