Chapter 3: The English Establish 13

ColoniesSection 2: New

England Colonies

The Pilgrims

• The Pilgrims were a separatist group. What that means is that they didn’t want to be a part of the Church of England, so they formed their own church.

• The Pilgrims were persecuted for not following the King’s church.

• They ran away to Holland to get away from religious persecution.

• Not happy in Holland, the Pilgrims decided to go to North America.

Route to America

• The Virginia Company told the Pilgrims they could settle in Virginia.

• However, the Mayflower ( their ship) was blown off and they ended up in what became the colony of Massachusetts.

The Mayflower Compact• In 1620, the men aboard

the Mayflower signed an agreement called the Mayflower Compact.

• The Mayflower Compact was an agreement to follow all rules agreed upon for the good of the Pilgrims’ new colony.

• The Mayflower Compact written in 1620, is very important to American history, because it established the idea of self – government and majority rule.

Plymouth Rock• The Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock

and began a colony there.

• Good relations with the Indians helped the Pilgrims to prosper.

• History Channel Documentary:

• Voyage of the Mayflower

PURITANS

• Unlike the Pilgrims who wanted to start their own church in England, the Puritans wanted to PURIFY or “clean up” the Church of England.

• King James didn’t appreciate their efforts.

• They ran to America to get away from religious persecution.

Massachusetts Bay Colony

• The Puritans sailed to America and set up a colony named the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

• These Puritans who came to America were part of the Great Migration – a movement in which 20,000 Puritans left England to settle around the world.

The New England Way

• Puritans were hard working people. Though they wanted to practice religion their own way, they didn’t afford anyone else that luxury. They wouldn’t tolerate anyone who did not believe the way they did.

• They believed in education for all, hard work, honesty, duty, and godliness.

Puritans Branch Out• John Winthrop was the governor of the

Massachusetts Bay colony.• Other Puritans left the colony to create colonies

around other parts of New England.

The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

– Thomas Hooker set up a colony in Connecticut where he wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. This document is considered the first constitution in North America.

Puritan Dissenters

• Two Puritans that were chased away from their homes in Massachusetts were Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson. Both of these people were brave enough to openly disagree with Puritan leaders.

• They were banished and went to Rhode Island, where Roger Williams set up a new colony.

King Philip’s War

• Unlike the Pilgrims, the Puritans didn’t get along with the Indians. They thought they were evil savages and felt it was okay to steal their land and imprison them as slaves.

• The Indians fought back. Between 1675 – and 1676, the Puritans and the Indians fought a brutal war in which the Indians lost.

The Salem Witchcraft Trials