chapter 3 section 2: using mineral resources key concepts: how are minerals used? how are ores...
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Chapter 3 Section 2: Using mineral resources
• Key concepts: How are minerals used?• How are ores processed to obtain metals?• Key terms:• Gemstone• Ore• Smelting• Alloy
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The uses of minerals
• Minerals are the source of gemstones, metals, and other products
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Gemstones
• Gemstones (rubies, sapphires, etc) have captured the imagination of people throughout the ages. Gemstones are usually hard, colorful minerals that have a briliant or glassy luster.
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Metals
• Some minerals are the sources of metals such as aluminum, iron, copper, or silver. Metals are generally not as hard as gemstones.
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Producing metals from minerals
• To produce metal from a mineral, a rock containing the mineral must be located through prospecting and mined, or removed from the ground. Then the rock must be processed to extract the metal.
• A rock that contains a metal or other useful mineral is called an ore.
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Prospecting and Mining
• A prospector is anyone who searches, or prospects, for an ore deposit
• Mining – removing the ore from the ground
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Smelting
• Smelting – an ore is mixed with other substances and then melted to separate the useful metal from other elements.
• Alloy – a solid mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal.– It must have the characteristic properties of a
metal
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Smelting!