Chapter 3: Health

*Physical activity and fitness

*Circulatory system

*The group of organs and tissues that transport essential materials to body cells and remove their waste products

*Circulatory system

*The body’s main source of energy

*Artery

*Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body

*(in red)

*Vein

*Blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart from all parts of the body

*(in blue)

*Capillary

*The smallest type of blood vessel

*Plasma

*The yellowish, watery portion of blood

*Over half the volume of blood is plasma

*Platelets

*Part of the blood that helps it to clot

*Blood

*Classified according to the type of red blood cells it contains

*High blood pressure

*When a person’s heart is working harder than it should to push blood through his or her body

*Systemic circulation

*Sends blood to all body parts except the lungs

*Blood returns from the lungs to the heart

*Skeletal system

*Consists of bones, joints, and connecting tissue

*Bones

*Store calcium

*Make new blood cells

*Support the body frame

*Joints

*A place where two or more bones meet

*Skull

*Skull joints are immovable

*Ball and socket joints

*Can move in all directions

*Cartilage

*Strong, flexible tissue that cushions bones and supports soft tissues

*Muscular system

*Tissues that move parts of the body and operate internal organs

*Muscles

*Work as pairs in opposition to move bone

*Contract and extend to cause movement

*Tendon

*Tissue that joins muscle to muscle, or muscle to bone

*Physical fitness

*The ability to handle the physical work and play of everyday life without becoming overly tired

*Exercise

*Physical activity that improves or maintains fitness

*Endurance

*The ability to perform vigorous physical activity without getting overly tired

*Intensity

*How much energy you use when you work out

*Strength

*The ability of muscles to exert a force

*Flexibility

*The ability to move joints fully and easily

*Stretching exercises

*Increase flexibility and reduce the risk of injury during other exercises

*Anabolic steroids

*Synthetic compounds that cause muscle tissue to develop at an abnormally high rate

*Warm up

*Gentle exercises that should always be included in a workout session

*Cool down

*Gentle exercises that let your body adjust to ending a workout

*Swimming

*Best exercise for heart and lung endurance

*Cardio

*This prefix refers to the heart

*Target Heart Rate

*Check your pulse in the middle of a workout to check your target heart rate

*Overtraining

*Exercising too hard or too often, without enough rest in between

*Dehydration

*Occurs when you lose an excessive amount of water from your body.

*Can cause muscle cramps

*Sports drinks

*Help restore fluids to your body after being involved in an activity for more than an hour

*Sport activities

*Compared with team sports, an individual sport allows you more freedom to set your own schedule

*Healthy eating

*It is best to choose a variety of foods from major food groups each day to give your body enough fuel to play a sport

*Avoiding injury

*Wear appropriate protective equipment

*Warm up before game

*Make sure you use proper techniques for your sport

*Remember….

*Have fun and keep moving!