chapter 3 analysis: the clash of amateur armies
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Chapter 3 Analysis: The Clash of Amateur Armies . The American Civil War Mr. Contipodero . The Basics. Both armies were not ready for war Confederacy – no arms/weapons Union – lack of organization in military. “Cotton is King”. Confederacy wanted England and France to intervene in war - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 3 Analysis: The Clash of Amateur Armies
The American Civil WarMr. Contipodero
The Basics
• Both armies were not ready for war
• Confederacy – no arms/weapons
• Union – lack of organization in military
“Cotton is King”
• Confederacy wanted – England and France to intervene in war
• If England couldn’t get cotton from mills– The South could send cotton for troops
• The South put on the pressure
Making Weapons
• South reluctantly imported European goods• Small arms, gunpowder, bullets• Captured arms from the Union
First Battle of Bull Run
Main Characters - North
• General Irvin McDowell
• “Forward to Richmond!”
• Northern troops were not fast-moving
• Urgency develops
Main Characters - Confederacy
• General P.G.T. Beauregard
• General Joseph Johnston
• Colonel Thomas Jackson
1st Battle of Bull Run
• July 1861 Manassas Junction in VA• “The Fight of the Amateurs!”• Various uniforms• Soldiers would break ranks to– Drink water, get shade, eat blackberries
• Some men ran away but most fought
1st Battle of Bull Run Stats
Union• 2,896 Casualties• General McDowell• 28 – 35,000 troops
Confederacy• 1,982 Casualties• 32-34,000 troops
The Tide Has Turned
• McDowell’s troops pushed through Confederates
• Thomas Jackson’s Stand– “There is Jackson
standing like a stonewall!”
– Rally cry for the Virginians
– Confederates pushed forward
The Result
• McDowell called for the retreat• Union troops remained steady• Not enough drilling for counterattack• Retreated to Centerville – closer to
Washington• Confederates did not pursue – very tired
The Traffic Jam?
• Hundreds of Washingtonians • Wagons, buggies, etc…
• Both sides unorganized
• The Realization…
Your Assignment
• Open your notebooks• Create a notes section titled, “The First Battle
of Bull Run”• Complete Discussion Questions
Discussion Questions
• How did Virginia Military Institute (V.M.I.) Professor, Thomas Jackson get his nickname?
• According to the chapter and the PowerPoint presentation, name 3 unique occurrences before, during, and/or after the First Battle of Bull Run.
• After the First Battle of Bull Run, what realities of war did both sides discover?
Sources
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_Bull_Run
• http://americancivilwar.com/bullrun.html