chapter 3 – 2 igneous rocks!
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Chapter 3 – 2 Igneous Rocks!. What makes a rock IGNEOUS?. Origin, texture and mineral composition. ORIGIN: Where the rock is formed. Extrusive Rock is igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth’s surface. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 3 – 2 Igneous Rocks!
What makes a rock IGNEOUS?
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Origin, texture and mineral composition.
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ORIGIN: Where the rock is formed.
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Extrusive Rock is igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth’s surface.
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Basalt is the most common extrusive igneous rock. Forms much of Earth’s land
and ocean floor.
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Intrusive Rock is igneous rock that formed when magma hardened beneath the Earth’s surface.
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Granite is the most common form of intrusive igneous rock. Granite forms the
core of many mountain ranges.
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Texture of Igneous Rock – Depends upon the size and shape of its mineral crystals.
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Rapid cooling forms fine grained, small crystal igneous rock.
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Slow cooling magma forms coarse grained rock with large crystals.
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Intrusive have larger crystals than extrusive.
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Small crystal rocks that appear to have rocks of larger crystals inside them are said
to be PORPHYRITIC.
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A change in the rate of cooling creates Porphyritic Rock.
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Mineral Composition of Igneous Rocks. Most of Earth’s minerals contain silica (sand). Rocks containing silica are usually light colored.
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Dark colored rocks, like basalt contain a mineral called feldspar and usually have
very little silica.
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Uses of igneous Rock
• Obsidian – Cutting tools• Granite – Building materials• Basalt – Crushed for construction gravel• Pumice – Abrasives for cleaning and polishes• Perlite – (heated obsidian) Soil additives