chapter 28 pop art op art. pop art in the late ’50s and the ‘60s there was a reaction against...
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Chapter 28Pop ArtOp Art
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Pop ArtIn the late ’50s and the ‘60s there was a reaction against the nonfigurative Abstract Expressionists-
It resulted in the return
of the OBJECT
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Pop ArtImagery from:
Commercial sourcesMass MediaEveryday life
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Pop Art•Mundane objects•Elevating everyday objects to the status of artistic imagery
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Robert Rauschenberg•Rejected the seriousness of abstract expressionism
•Always experimented with new styles
•“Once a certain technique or method became easy, I would give it up and try something else,”
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Robert Rauschenberg
Collage, inspired by Picasso
RETROACTIVE I, 1964
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•Astronaut floating in space
•Sunkist oranges
•Takeoff of Duchamp’s Nude Descending a Staircase
•Falling astronaut and falling paint symbolize the Fall of Man
•Kennedy is compared to God and Christ
Rauschenberg
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RauschenbergCreated the Combine
Combinations of objects
Which earned him a place in art world
Bed, 1955
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Rauschenberg
Monogram, 1959
•Stuffed angora goat with tireMagazine cut-outs and paint on base•Dada influence
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Rauschenberg
Trophy II (for Teeny and Marcel Duchamp), 1960
oil, charcoal, paper, fabric, metal on canvas, drinking glass (not original), metal chain, spoon90 x 118 in.
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Jasper Johns•Influenced by Duchamp
•Friend of Rauschenberg
•He’s another bridge between Abstract Expressionism and Pop Art
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Jasper Johns•Use of numbers and letters are derived from Picasso’s collages
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Jasper JohnsTake a familiar object. Do
something to it. Do something else to it.
Three Flags,1958
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Jasper Johns
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Jasper JohnsInfluence of Duchamp’s
ready-mades
Painted Bronze, 1962
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HappeningsThe Pop Art era also had many
“happenings” unrehearsed and
improvised demonstrations with painting,
assemblage, television, radio, film, and artificial lighting.
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Andy Worhol•Born in 1928 in
Pittsburgh.
•He studied commercial art.
•In New York, he worked as an illustrator for magazines like Vogue and Harpar's Bazaar.
•Became famous for his shoe illustrations
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•Big on self promotion
•Made himself into a work of Pop Art
•Central figure in the movement
Andy Worhol
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Andy Worhol•1952, Andy Warhol had his first one-man•1963, he went into filmmaking, producing more than 80 films.
an early film was SLEEP (1963) in which the camera remained fixed on a man sleeping for the duration of eight hours.
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Andy Worhol•He created a studio called The Factory in 1962 and hired “art workers” to create prints, films, and other art projects.
•Became a popular hangout for celebrities in the ‘60s, many of whom were featured in Warhol’s work
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Andy Worhol•Silk screening allowed him to mass produce his art with help in the Factory
Marilyn, he mixes up his color themes
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Andy Worhol•In 1965, Warhol started to sponsor the rock group called Velvet Underground.
•In July 1968, Warhol was shot two in the chest by a woman from his factory.
•He died February 22, 1987 from complications after a gall bladder operation.
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Andy Worhol•He used ordinary mass-produced objects which he exhibited in the context of a gallery.•He liked mass production-
“I want to be a machine”
Created in 1968. Screenprint on paper.
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Andy Worhol
He depicts an icon of American pop culture in the traditional diptych format.Elvis is shown in an aggressive stance with his gun drawn transforming the conventional image of a cowboy into that of a pop star.
Elvis l and ll, 1964. Silkscreen
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Worhol•The electric chair is an a highly recognizable and strong image of death.
•Many believe he wanted to explore the banality of death in our society and in the context of state endorsed, industrialized killing.
Part of his “Death and Disaster” series and multiple electric chair images.
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Worhol
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Roy Lichtensteinmade comic book-like paintings. Slick, highly stylistic
The Engagement Ring, 1961
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Roy Lichtenstein
Blam, 1962
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Roy Lichtenstein
Little Big Picture, 1965
Refers to “Custer’s last stand” at little Bighorn
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Roy Lichtenstein
•These are the sculptures he made later on in life (1990)
•Bronze
•Painted in the style of his comic book paintings
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Claes Oldenberg•Born in Stockholm, settled in Chicago in 1936
•Attended Yale before studying at the Art Institute of Chicago
•Moved to New York and began performance art and outdoor monuments
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Claes Oldenberg•Exaggerations of everyday objects
Creates tactile urges
•American advertising, manufactured objects, and fast food
•Public sculpture and permanent monuments
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Claes Oldenberg•Spoonbridge and Cherry
•52’ across a pond
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Op Art, Mid ‘60sa style of ART that uses precise
lines and shapes to create OPTICAL ILLUSIONS
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Op ArtBridget ReillyHer work tends to undulate and wiggle.
She controls and disturbs the viewer’s eye.
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Op ArtBridget Reilly
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Chapter 29 • Innovation• Continuity• Globalization
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Return to Realism•Chuck Close•Richard Estes•Duane Hanson•Ron Mueck
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Chuck Close
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Chuck Close
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Chuck Close
American artistPainter, photographer, printmakerHe is famous for his work as a Photo Realist
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Chuck Close
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Chuck Close
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Richard Estes
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Richard Estes
•Large crisp, clear paintings= Super Realism
•Reflections
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Richard Estes
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Richard Estes
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Duane HansonTrompe-l’oeil- fool the eye
Polyester resin, fiberglass
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Duane Hanson
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Ron Muec
k
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Ron MueckRon
Mueck
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Ron Mueck
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Ron Muec
k
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Architecture
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Frank GehryUnstable look, asymmetrical, sweeping curved lines
Deconstructive Architecture
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Frank Gehry
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Frank Gehery
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I.M. Pei
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I.M. Pei
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I.M. Pei