chapter 28 color. spectrum: the spread of colors seen when light is passed through a prism or...
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Chapter 28Color
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Spectrum:The spread of colors seen when light is passed through a prism or
diffraction gradient.
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That is, when light of that particular wavelength strikes the retina of our eye, we perceive that specific color sensation.
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Each individual wavelength within the spectrum of visible
light wavelengths is representative of a particular
color.
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When all the wavelengths of the visible light spectrum strike your eye at the same time, white is
perceived.
White light:Light that is a combination of all
colors. Like sun light.
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White is not a color but a
combination of all colors.
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Black is also not a color but the absence of the wavelengths of
the visible light spectrum.
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So when you are in a room with no lights and everything around
you appears black, it means that there are no wavelengths of visible light striking your eye as you sight at the surroundings.
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The way we see color is by the reflection of color off of a
surface. The colors that we see are reflected off a surface while the other colors are absorbed
by the surface.
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You look at a flower and see a green stem. The stem absorbs
all other colors and reflects green.
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Pigment:material that selectively absorbs
colored light.
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A red piece of class appears red because it absorbs all the colors that compose white light, except
red, which it transmits.
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If an object absorbs all of the frequencies of visible light except for the frequency
associated with green light, then the object will appear green
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Additive Primary Colors:Any three colors (or
frequencies) of light which produce white light
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Red, Green and Blue are the three primary colors of white
light.
Color television is based on the ability of the human eye to see
combinations of the three colors as a variety of different colors.
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Pixels in the screen are set to be red, green or blue. Depending on
how you adjust their brightness you will get different colors.
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Complementary Colors:When 2 colors are added together to produce white.
Red and cyan = whitegreen and magenta = white
yellow and blue = white
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Mixing colored paints is different than mixing light. If you mix red and green paint you get brown.
Paints do not reflect a single color of light. They reflect
several colors. Color subtraction is on page
429 – 431.Read these pages.
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Why is the Sky Blue?
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The atmosphere is a gaseous sea which contains a variety of
types of particles. The two most common are gaseous oxygen
and nitrogen.
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These particles are very effective in scattering the higher
frequency, lower wavelength portions of white light. Which means that Blue, Indigo, and
violet are scattered.
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The lower frequency, longer wavelength waves are more
likely to get through.
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This scattering of the higher frequencies of light illuminates the skies with light on the BIV end of the visible spectrum.
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Compared to blue light, violet light is most easily scattered by atmospheric particles; however, our eyes are more sensitive to
light with blue frequencies. Thus, we view the skies as
being blue in color.
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As you leave our atmosphere the particles in the air get fewer and fewer so less of the light is scattered so it will appear black.
Like on the moon.
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Why are sunsets Red?
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Because when the sun is low in the sky it has more of our
atmosphere to travel through allowing the lower frequency colors to be scattered also.
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During sunset hours, the light passing through our
atmosphere to our eyes tends to be most concentrated with red
and orange frequencies of light. For this reason, the sunsets have a reddish-orange hue
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Why is water greenish – blue?
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Read pages 435 - 436