Chapter 27.2 Imperialism

Pages 690-695

Objectives:

To explain different forms of colonial control.

To explain the patterns of imperialist management.

To describe British rule in Nigeria. To Summarize African resistance

movements. To debate effects of colonialism.

Main Idea: European embarked on a new phase of empire-building that affected both Africa & the rest of world.

Why it Matters Now: Many former colonies have political problems that are the result of colonial rule.

Colonial Control Takes Many FormsForms of Imperialism

Characteristics Examples

Colony A country or a region governed internally by a foreign power

Somaliland in East Africa was a French Colony

Protectorate

A country or territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power

Britain established a protectorate over Niger River delta

Sphere of Influence

An area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges

Liberia was under the sphere of influence of the U.S.

Economic Imperialism

Independent but less developed nations controlled by private business interest rather than by other governments

The Dole Fruit Company controlled pineapple trade in Hawaii

Management Methods

Indirect Control Direct ControlLocal government officials were used

Foreign officials brought in to rule

Limited self-rule No self-rule

Goal: to develop future leaders

Goal: assimilation

Government institutions are based on European styles but may have local rules

Government institutions are based only on European styles

Examples:British colonies such as Nigeria, India, BurmaU.S. colonies on the Pacific Islands

Examples:French colonies such as Somaliland, VietnamGerman colonies such as TanganyikaPortuguese colonies such as Angola

Case Study: Nigeria/Page 693

Form of Imperialism

Protectorate/ Sphere of Influence

Characteristics of Imperialism

Local administrations/Chiefs/Royal Niger Company (palm-oil trade)

Management Methods

Indirect Control ( Local gov./self-rule)

Example of Methods

Traditional Gov. British style of government

African Resistance

Algeria people fought against French 50 years unsuccessful

West Africa Samori Toure’ led resistance against French for 16 years unsuccessful

German East Africa 26,000 Africans died trying to use magic (maji-maji) to fight German machines guns unsuccessful

Ethiopia resister European successfully Emperor Menelik II/1896 used European weapons to defeat Italian army

Impact of Colonial Rule

Good side: Reduce local conflicts Europeans brought Africa deeper into world economy

RR, dams & telephone/telegraph

Bad side: Africans lost control over much land African traditions were destroyed People forced out of their homes Many made to work in bad conditions Boundaries Europeans drew had no relation to ethnic

divisions in Africa