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TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 24 –
Feudal Society
Chapter 24 –
Feudal Society (Feudalism)
Feudal Society – Notes (page 1)
The Main Idea
• This final unit of the year will focus on life in western Europe during the ______________ and the _____________
The Main Idea
• This final unit of the year will focus on life in western Europe during the High Middle Ages and the _____________
The Main Idea
• This final unit of the year will focus on life in western Europe during the High Middle Ages and the Late Middle Ages
• The Middle Ages can further be broken up into 3 periods
(1) The ____ Middle Ages (476–1000) (2) The ___ Middle Ages (1000–1300) (3) The ___ Middle Ages (1300–1500)
• The Middle Ages can further be broken up into 3 periods
(1) The Early Middle Ages (476–1000) (2) The ___ Middle Ages (1000–1300) (3) The ___ Middle Ages (1300–1500)
• The Middle Ages can further be broken up into 3 periods
(1) The Early Middle Ages (476–1000) (2) The High Middle Ages (1000–1300) (3) The ___ Middle Ages (1300–1500)
• The Middle Ages can further be broken up into 3 periods
(1) The Early Middle Ages (476–1000) (2) The High Middle Ages (1000–1300) (3) The Late Middle Ages (1300–1500)
Feudalism
What were the underlying causes of feudalism?
• After the death of Charlemagne (1) _________ collapsed in western Europe (2) also, _____________ to invade
• After the death of Charlemagne (1) central gov’t collapsed in western Europe (2) also, _____________ to invade
• After the death of Charlemagne (1) central gov’t collapsed in western Europe (2) also, the Vikings began to invade
• _________ took over the responsibility of ___________ and ___________________
• Local nobles took over the responsibility of ___________ and ___________________
• Local nobles took over the responsibility of ___________ and protecting their property
• Local nobles took over the responsibility of raising armies and protecting their property
• This new system, with power shifting from ____ to _________, became known as _______ (1) _______ – medieval political system in which landowning _____ governed and protected ________ (peasants) and ___ _____ offered services like ______ or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to _________, became known as _______ (1) _______ – medieval political system in which landowning _____ governed and protected ________ (peasants) and ___ _____ offered services like ______ or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to local nobles, became known as _______ (1) _______ – medieval political system in which landowning _____ governed and protected ________ (peasants) and ___ _____ offered services like ______ or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to local nobles, became known as feudalism (1) _______ – medieval political system in which landowning _____ governed and protected ________ (peasants) and ___ _____ offered services like ______ or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to local nobles, became known as feudalism (1) feudalism – medieval political system in which landowning _____ governed and protected ________ (peasants) and ___ _____ offered services like ______ or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to local nobles, became known as feudalism (1) feudalism – medieval political system in which landowning nobles governed and protected ________ (peasants) and ___ _____ offered services like ______ or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to local nobles, became known as feudalism (1) feudalism – medieval political system in which landowning nobles governed and protected the people (peasants) and ___ _____ offered services like ______ or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to local nobles, became known as feudalism (1) feudalism – medieval political system in which landowning nobles governed and protected the people (peasants) and the people offered services like ______ or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to local nobles, became known as feudalism (1) feudalism – medieval political system in which landowning nobles governed and protected the people (peasants) and the people offered services like fighting or _____________
• This new system, with power shifting from kings to local nobles, became known as feudalism (1) feudalism – medieval political system in which landowning nobles governed and protected the people (peasants) and the people offered services like fighting or farming the land
Land and Government during Feudal Times
• Frankish leader ___________ established the tradition of giving soldiers ____ (estates) as a reward for their service
Land and Government during Feudal Times
• Frankish leader Charles Martel established the tradition of giving soldiers ____ (estates) as a reward for their service
Land and Government during Feudal Times
• Frankish leader Charles Martel established the tradition of giving soldiers fiefs (estates) as a reward for their service
(1) soldiers and their descendents became _____________ – they would become the rulers of Europe
(1) soldiers and their descendents became landowning nobles – they would become the rulers of Europe
• By 1000 CE, western Europe was divided into thousands of _____ ________ (1) ____ had all the power – like a mini-___ (2) _____ had no say in the gov’t
• By 1000 CE, western Europe was divided into thousands of feudal territories (1) ____ had all the power – like a mini-___ (2) _____ had no say in the gov’t
• By 1000 CE, western Europe was divided into thousands of feudal territories (1) noble had all the power – like a mini-___ (2) _____ had no say in the gov’t
• By 1000 CE, western Europe was divided into thousands of feudal territories (1) noble had all the power – like a mini-king (2) _____ had no say in the gov’t
• By 1000 CE, western Europe was divided into thousands of feudal territories (1) noble had all the power – like a mini-king (2) peasant had no say in the gov’t
• The relationship between ___ and _____ (1) feudalism was based upon _____ _______________________ (a) ___ – high-ranking noble (b) ____ – noble who served a lord of higher rank and gave him loyalty
• The relationship between ___ and _____ (1) feudalism was based upon ties of loyalty and duty among nobles (a) ___ – high-ranking noble (b) ____ – noble who served a lord of higher rank and gave him loyalty
• The relationship between lord and _____ (1) feudalism was based upon ties of loyalty and duty among nobles (a) lord – high-ranking noble (b) ____ – noble who served a lord of higher rank and gave him loyalty
• The relationship between lord and vassal (1) feudalism was based upon ties of loyalty and duty among nobles (a) lord – high-ranking noble (b) vassal – noble who served a lord of higher rank and gave him loyalty
(2) ___________ – ceremony in which the tie between lord and vassal was made official
(2) act of homage – ceremony in which the tie between lord and vassal was made official
• What did the nobles get out of this relationship? (1) what did the lord get? (a) _____________________ (b) _________________ (c) ___________________ ___________________ ______
• What did the nobles get out of this relationship? (1) what did the lord get? (a) vassal helped him in battle (b) vassal made payments (c) vassal offered food and entertainment when lord visited
(2) what did the vassal get? (a) ____________ (b) ________ (c) _________________________ ________________
(2) what did the vassal get? (a) a fief (estate) (b) protection (c) the right to govern the peasants who lived on his fief
Feudal Society – Notes (page 2)
800s – 1000s
• Nobles & families lived in _____ houses surrounded by _______ (1) houses contained ___ room where ________ took place
1100s
• Nobles began living in stone houses called _____
800s – 1000s
• Nobles & families lived in wooden houses surrounded by _______ (1) houses contained ___ room where ________ took place
1100s
• Nobles began living in stone houses called _____
800s – 1000s
• Nobles & families lived in wooden houses surrounded by palisades (1) houses contained ___ room where ________ took place
1100s
• Nobles began living in stone houses called _____
800s – 1000s
• Nobles & families lived in wooden houses surrounded by palisades (1) houses contained one room where ________ took place
1100s
• Nobles began living in stone houses called _____
800s – 1000s
• Nobles & families lived in wooden houses surrounded by palisades (1) houses contained one room where everything took place
1100s
• Nobles began living in stone houses called _____
800s – 1000s
• Nobles & families lived in wooden houses surrounded by palisades (1) houses contained one room where everything took place
1100s
• Nobles began living in stone houses called castles
Characteristics of Castles (Outside)
• Designed to be ________
• Thick, ____ walls
Characteristics of Castles (Outside)
• Designed to be fortresses
• Thick, ____ walls
Characteristics of Castles (Outside)
• Designed to be fortresses
• Thick, stone walls
• Lookout _____ at each corner (1) armed by ______
• Lookout towers at each corner (1) armed by ______
• Lookout towers at each corner (1) armed by archers
• ____ surrounding the outer walls
• Moat surrounding the outer walls
• ________ leading to the _______
• Drawbridge leading to the _______
• Drawbridge leading to the _______
• Drawbridge leading to the portcullis
Characteristics of Castles (Inside)
• Large, open area ____ the walls
Characteristics of Castles (Inside)
• Large, open area inside the walls
• A ___ in the center of the open area (1) a keep is a tall ____ with thick ____
• A keep in the center of the open area (1) a keep is a tall ____ with thick ____
• A keep in the center of the open area (1) a keep is a tall tower with thick ____
• A keep in the center of the open area (1) a keep is a tall tower with thick walls
(a) this is where __________ ___________ lived (b) contained a great ___, many ____, and a ______
(a) this is where the people of the household lived (b) contained a great ___, many ____, and a ______
(a) this is where the people of the household lived (b) contained a great hall, many ____, and a ______
(a) this is where the people of the household lived (b) contained a great hall, many rooms, and a ______
(a) this is where the people of the household lived (b) contained a great hall, many rooms, and a dungeon
• Also inside the castle walls were ____, ______, ______, and _______ _____________
• Also inside the castle walls were shops, kitchens, stables, and rooms for troops and guests
• Noble’s servants and officials lived ____ the castle – when the noble was away fighting, they took care of ___ ____________________
• Noble’s servants and officials lived inside the castle – when the noble was away fighting, they took care of ___ ____________________
• Noble’s servants and officials lived inside the castle – when the noble was away fighting, they took care of the castle’s care and defense
(1) usually enough food and drink to hold off for _______
(1) usually enough food and drink to hold off for 6 months
Knighthood
• A _____ is a warrior on ________
• Almost all _____ were knights
Knighthood
• A knight is a warrior on ________
• Almost all _____ were knights
Knighthood
• A knight is a warrior on horseback
• Almost all _____ were knights
Knighthood
• A knight is a warrior on horseback
• Almost all nobles were knights
• A knight was expected to follow the ____________ (1) ____________ stated that a knight must… (a) obey his ___ (b) show ______ (c) respect _____ (____) (d) honor ________ (e) ________ (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) ____________ stated that a knight must… (a) obey his ___ (b) show ______ (c) respect _____ (____) (d) honor ________ (e) ________ (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his ___ (b) show ______ (c) respect _____ (____) (d) honor ________ (e) ________ (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his lord (b) show ______ (c) respect _____ (____) (d) honor ________ (e) ________ (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his lord (b) show bravery (c) respect _____ (____) (d) honor ________ (e) ________ (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his lord (b) show bravery (c) respect women (____) (d) honor ________ (e) ________ (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his lord (b) show bravery (c) respect women (ladies) (d) honor ________ (e) ________ (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his lord (b) show bravery (c) respect women (ladies) (d) honor the Church (e) ________ (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his lord (b) show bravery (c) respect women (ladies) (d) honor the Church (e) help people (f) _______ (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his lord (b) show bravery (c) respect women (ladies) (d) honor the Church (e) help people (f) be honest (g) fight ____ against his enemies
• A knight was expected to follow the code of chivalry (1) code of chivalry stated that a knight must… (a) obey his lord (b) show bravery (c) respect women (ladies) (d) honor the Church (e) help people (f) be honest (g) fight fairly against his enemies
Training to Become a Knight
• A noble would follow a certain path to become a knight (1) age 7 – sent away to another castle & became a ___ (a) cared for knights’ _________, polished knights’ _____ (b) learned to ___ and ____
Training to Become a Knight
• A noble would follow a certain path to become a knight (1) age 7 – sent away to another castle & became a page (a) cared for knights’ _________, polished knights’ _____ (b) learned to ___ and ____
Training to Become a Knight
• A noble would follow a certain path to become a knight (1) age 7 – sent away to another castle & became a page (a) cared for knights’ war-horses, polished knights’ _____ (b) learned to ___ and ____
Training to Become a Knight
• A noble would follow a certain path to become a knight (1) age 7 – sent away to another castle & became a page (a) cared for knights’ war-horses, polished knights’ armor (b) learned to ___ and ____
Training to Become a Knight
• A noble would follow a certain path to become a knight (1) age 7 – sent away to another castle & became a page (a) cared for knights’ war-horses, polished knights’ armor (b) learned to ride and fight
(2) age 15 – became a ____ (a) put under the care and training of ______
(2) age 15 – became a squire (a) put under the care and training of ______
(2) age 15 – became a squire (a) put under the care and training of 1 knight
(3) if he proved to be a good fighter, the squire was made a _____ (a) special ceremony called ______
(3) if he proved to be a good fighter, the squire was made a knight (a) special ceremony called ______
(3) if he proved to be a good fighter, the squire was made a knight (a) special ceremony called dubbing
Tournaments
• Knights stayed sharp by fighting in _________ (1) a _________ was a special contest that tested strength, skill, and endurance
Tournaments
• Knights stayed sharp by fighting in tournaments (1) a _________ was a special contest that tested strength, skill, and endurance
Tournaments
• Knights stayed sharp by fighting in tournaments (1) a tournament was a special contest that tested strength, skill, and endurance
(2) most popular event – _______ (3) tournaments were very _____
(2) most popular event – the joust (3) tournaments were very _____
(2) most popular event – the joust (3) tournaments were very costly
10 More Important Terms
from the Middle Ages
10 More Important Terms
from the Middle Ages
to Improve Your
Cultural Literacy
Feudalism a set of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries… feudalism was a system for structuring society around relationships between lords and vassals.
Byzantine Empire the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital at Constantinople
Islam
Islam one of the Abrahamic, monotheistic faiths, along with Judaism and Christianity… began around the year 610 CE when Muhammad began to receive Quran revelations from God.
Heraldry
Heraldry a special system of identification that developed during the Middle Ages in order to help distinguish knights on the battle field… gradually adopted by others
Great Schism
Great Schism the first permanent severing of the Christian community (1054 CE)… it led to the "Roman Catholic" Church (West) and the "Greek Orthodox Church“ (East)
Crusades
Crusades a series of military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe to restore Christian control of the Holy Land (1095-1291 CE)
Hundred Years’ War
Hundred Years’ War series of separate wars lasting from 1337 to 1453 between two royal houses for the French throne
Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc a patron saint of France and a national heroine… led the resistance to the English invasion of France in the Hundred Years War
Black Death
Black Death one of the deadliest pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350 … it is estimated to have killed 30% to 60% of Europe's population
Wars of the Roses
Wars of the Roses a series of civil wars fought in medieval England from 1455-1487 between the House of Lancaster and the House of York
Themes
from 7th Grade Social Studies
Big Themes
from 7th Grade Social Studies
Where you live affects
Where you live affects
how you live.
Cultural diffusion
Cultural diffusion changes the world.
People clash over the control of resources.
People clash over the control of resources.
People like to tell stories about…
People like to tell stories about…
their origins.
People like to tell stories about…
things they cannot understand