chapter 21 sections 3 & 4 vocabulary and questions
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 21 sections 3 & 4Vocabulary
andQuestions
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EchoEcho-
A reflected sound wave.
The strength of a reflected sound wave depends on the reflecting surface.
Sound waves reflect best off smooth, hard surfaces.
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Echolocation Echolocation-
The use of reflected sound waves to find objects
Whales, Dolphins, bats, and even certain types of birds use echolocation to find food and their way.
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SONAR
Sonar is a type of electronic echolocation
• SONAR which stands for • Sound • Navigation and • Ranging
• Used in the military for war ,commercial fishing industry, and help ships navigate.
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Ultrasonography
Ultrasonography –
is a medical procedure that uses echoes to “see” inside a patient’s body without doing surgery.
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InterferenceInterference -happens
when two or more waves overlap.
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Sonic Boom sonic boom is the explosive sound heard when a shock wave reaches your ears.
At their outer edges, the sound waves combine by constructive interference to form a shock wave.
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Standing wave• A standing wave is a pattern of vibration
that looks like a wave that is standing still. Waves and reflected waves of the same frequency are going through the string.
• Where you see maximum amplitude, waves are interfering constructively. Where the string seems to be standing still, waves are interfering destructively.
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What causes a Standing Wave
• The frequencies at which standing waves are made are called resonant frequencies.
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ResonanceResonance happens
when an object vibrating at or near a resonant frequency of a second object causes the second object to vibrate.
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Resonant Frequency in a wind instrument
• In a clarinet, vibrations are caused by blowing air into the mouthpiece.
• The vibrations make a sound, which is amplified when it forms a standing wave inside the instrument.
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Sound QualitySound Quality
The result of several pitches mixing together through interference.
The notes sound different because a single note on an instrument actually comes from several different pitches: the fundamental and several overtones.
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Music InstrumentsThree main types
1. string instruments
2. wind instruments
3. percussion instruments.
To be heard all instruments must vibrate.
So
All instruments produce sound by vibrating.
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Noise
Noise Any sound,
especially a nonmusical sound, that is a random mix of frequencies (or pitches).