Chapter 2

Structure of Muscle Tissue &

Muscle Contraction

Learning Objectives

Learning Objectives

3 Types of Human Muscle Tissue

Structure of Smooth Muscle

Structure of Skeletal Muscle

Structure of Cardiac Muscle

Skeletal Muscles Showing Cross-Striations

Muscle Fibers & Connective Tissue Sheaths

Adapted from J.W. Hole, Jr. Human Anatomy & Physiology, 5th edition (1990),with permission of the McGraw-Hill Companies.

Structure of the Muscle Fiber

Classification of Muscle Fiber Types

Characteristics of Muscle Fiber Types

3 Primary Fiber Types in Human Skeletal Muscle

Significance of Fiber Type for Athletics

A Sarcomere—The Functional Unit of the Myofibril

Structure of a Sarcomere

Myofilaments

Actin, Myosin, Troponin, & Tropomyosin

Aspects of the Sliding Filament Model of Muscle Contraction

ATP Breakdown & Muscle Contraction — 1st Theory

Where to Learn More

• Muscles:– http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/M/

Muscles.html

• Muscle physiology—myofilament structure:– http://muscle.ucsd.edu/musintro.fibril.shtml

• Histology of muscle:– http://views.vcu/edu/ana/OB/Muscle~1/index.htm

• Sliding filament theory:– http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/M/

Muscles.html

Muscular Strength & Endurance

Basic Muscle Physiology

Slow & Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers

What are Motor Units?

Benefits of Muscular Strength & Endurance

Assessing Muscular Strength & Endurance

Static vs. Dynamic Strength Training

Comparing Static vs. Dynamic Exercises

Other Training Methods

Applying the FITT Principle

Warm Up & Cool Down

Weight Training Safety

Do You Need Supplements?