BUILDING COMMUNITIES

Chapter 2 Lesson 3

OBJECTIVES Explain the conditions that helped make

towns successful

Describe the social and economic changes that resulted from the growth of cities

VOCABULARY Division of labor – work according to

your abilities Merchant – people who sell goods they

bought from traders Social class – a group that has a specific

level of importance in a society Government – an organized system of

leaders and laws Urban – relating to city or cities Taxation – a system in which people pay

taxes to support a government

EARLY TOWNS Success at farming or

trading allowed many early villages, such as Jericho, to grow into towns

These villages could support up to a few thousand people

Quick facts about Jericho: surrounded by a wall, people respected the dead, valued religion and lived in beehive-shaped huts

CATAL HUYUK Catal Huyuk and Jericho

were alike in many ways – both located near water supply and important trade routes

Catal Huyuk was also different in many ways

Example: architecture consisted of small, multi roomed houses that people entered from the roof! See page 68 in textbook

LABOR, LEADERS AND LAWS

A new division of labor began in towns, which led to the development of social classes and beginning of government

Rulers, priests, and other important leaders and their families usually made up the highest social class

CITIES AND CIVILIZATION Early civilizations

arose from cities in Mesopotamia and Egypt in about 3100 BC

They covered larger areas than cities and had larger buildings and temples

They usually had a central government and developed some form of writing

SUMMARY Improvements in agriculture allowed

some farming villages to grow into towns, then cities, and eventually civilizations

These changes happened over thousands of years

Social and economic changes took place at each step

As civilizations developed, technology and communication advanced rapidly