chapter 2 browsing the web

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web

Discovering the Internet: Brief Concepts and

Techniques, Second Edition

Discovering the Internet Complete Concepts and

Techniques, Second Edition

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 2

Objectives

1. Describe a Web site, common Web page characteristics, and Web servers

2. Explain the role IP addresses, domain names, and URLs play in locating Web pages

3. Start a Web browser and view Web pages

4. Revisit Web pages using browser and desktop shortcuts


Objectives (cont'd)

5. Describe ways to save online information for later use

6. Demonstrate how to change Web browser options

7. Discuss the risks and safeguards related to using the Web


Web Sites, Web Pages, and Web Servers

• Web Sites– Home page is the primary page

– Number of pages varies depending on site’s purpose and type of content

– FAQ page lists frequently asked questions and their answers

– A portal is a special type of Web site that offers a doorway or starting point for browsing the Web


A multipage Web site consists of a home page and linked subsidiary pages.


Web portals can provide a broad range of information and services or can focus on a specific interest.


Web Sites, Web Pages, and Web Servers (cont'd)

• Web Pages– Designed to attract visitors and hold their

attention

– Common characteristics• Logo and name• Images• Links• Advertisements• Search tool• Copyright statement and link to privacy policy

statement



• Web Servers– Browser is a client

that requests resources from a server

– Server “serves up” resources upon request

• Web browsing is example of client-server computing



• Web Servers (cont'd)– Single Web server

can host multiple Web sites

– Large Web sites may span multiple servers


• IP Addresses– A number that uniquely identifies each

computer or device on a network

– A series of four numbers separated by a period or dot

• 167.68.24.104• Static IP addresses seldom change• Dynamic IP addresses are temporary

IP Addresses, Domain Names, and URLs


IP Addresses, Domain Names, and URLs (cont'd)

• Domain Names– A text alias for an IP address

• thomsonlearning.com is domain name for 167.68.24.104

– Domain Name System (DNS) uses name servers to resolve domain name to IP address

• Managed by ICANN• TLD (.com, .biz, and so forth)• ccTLD (.us, .uk, and so forth)


Domains in the DNS are grouped by type of organization.


IP Addresses, Domain Names, and URLs (cont'd)

• Uniform Resources Locators (URLs)– A unique Web address

• http:// protocol• Domain name• Path• File name


Web Browsers

• Software program used to view Web pages• Most commonly used Web browser is Internet

Explorer, others include– Netscape

– Opera

– Deepnet Explorer

– Firefox

• Illustrations in the text use Internet Explorer v. 7.0• Appendix A discusses other browsers


Internet Explorer v. 7.0 Web browser.


Web Browsers (cont'd)

• Starting the Browser and Loading a Web Page– Double-click the IE icon on the Windows

desktop

– Type the Web page URL in the Address box on the Address bar

– Click the Go button or press the Enter key


Start IE 7 from the Start menu or desktop icon; the browser opens with its default starting or home page(s).



• Clicking a Link and Using Web Page Features– Links (hyperlinks) allow users to jump to a new

location in the same page, to another page at the same Web site, or to a page at another Web site

– Web pages offer links and other features that allow you to view additional information


Discovering the Internet, Second Edition Student Online Companion home page.



• Navigating Recently Viewed Web Pages– Use the Back, Forward, Recent Pages, Home

Stop, and Refresh buttons• Back and Forward – revisit recently viewed

pages• Recent Pages – list of recently viewed pages• Home – reload the default home page(s)• Stop – stop downloading a page• Refresh – request a fresh copy of the current

page from the server



• Navigating Recently Viewed Web Pages (cont'd)– Use the Back, Forward, Recent Pages, Home

Stop, and Refresh buttons



• Using Tabbed Browsing– Allows you to open multiple Web pages in a

single browser window



• Using Tabbed Browsing (cont'd)– Each page can be opened in its own tab in the

tab row

– Clicking a tab brings the Web page and tab from the tab row background to the foreground

– Click the New Tab button to open a blank tab then enter URL in the Address box to open a Web page in the new tab



• Using Tabbed Browsing (cont'd)– Alternatively, press the Alt key as you enter a

URL from the Address box to open the page in a new tab

– Press the Ctrl key or use a shortcut menu to open a linked page in a new tab

– Click the X or Close icon on a tab to close the page

– Close the browser and set options to reopen tabbed pages or close all tabs



• Using Tabbed Browsing (cont'd)– Some tabs are hidden when you open more

than six pages because of space limitations in the tab row

• Click the tab scrolling buttons to view hidden tabs

• Click the Quick Tabs button to view all open pages in thumbnail miniatures; click a thumbnail to bring that tab to the foreground

• Click the Tab List button to view a list of all open pages; click a page in the list to bring that tab to the foreground


Using Browser and Desktop Shortcuts to Revisit Web Pages

• Using the Address list– Address list appears when you start typing a

URL in the Address box

– Click a URL in the Address list to revisit the page


• Creating and Using a Favorite– A favorite is a shortcut to a frequently viewed

Web page

– Click the Add to Favorites button and click Add to Favorites

• Add a favorite to the Favorites list• Create a folder in which to store the favorite, if

desired• Click the Favorites button in the Favorites

Center to view the Favorites list

Using Browser and Desktop Shortcuts to Revisit Web Pages (cont'd)


Create a favorite to a frequently visited Web page and store it in a specific subfolder in the Favorites folder.


• Creating and Using a Favorite (cont'd)– Save a group of tabbed pages as a single favorite



• Creating and Using a Favorite (cont'd)– Organize your favorites by adding, renaming, and

deleting subfolders



• Creating and Using a Favorite (cont'd)– Share your favorites among different browsers

and/or different computers using the Import/Export Wizard



• Using the History List– Click the History

button in the Favorites Center

• List contains URLs for Web pages visited during the past several days

• URLs are organized into Web site folders by day and week



• Creating a Web Page Desktop Shortcut– Drag the Web page icon from the Address box to

the desktop to create a shortcut



Saving Online Information

• Printing a Web Page– Preview the page to

see how it will look before printing it

– Print selected information

– Print the entire page


Saving Online Information (cont'd)

• Saving a Web Page– Webpage, complete

(HTML page and all related files)

– Web Archive, single file (snapshot of page)

– Webpage, HTML only (no related files are saved)

– Text file (page text is saved in plain text format)



• E-mailing a Web Page– Send a page or a link to a page using commands

on the Page button on the Command bar

• Saving a Web Page Image– Use a shortcut menu

– Note that all Web page content, including images, are protected by copyright law



• Adding Web Content to the Active Desktop– Windows Active Desktop feature supports the

display of dynamic Web content on the desktop

– Right-drag Web page icon from the Address box to the desktop; click Create Active Desktop items Here on the shortcut menu

• Displays static information when offline• Displays dynamic information when online


Changing Browser Options

• Showing and Hiding the Menu Bar and Toolbars– Turn on or off menu

bar, Links bar and plug-in toolbars using the Tools button on the Command bar

– Press Alt key to toggle on/off the menu bar


Changing Browser Options (cont'd)

• Customizing the Command Bar– Use the Tools button

on the Command bar

– Add or remove buttons or modify text labels



• Changing the Browser's Home Page– Starting or home

page may be a single page or multiple tabbed pages

– Click the Home button arrow on the Command bar to add or remove pages from the Home page set



• Zooming a Web Page– Change the "zoom" percentage using the

Change Zoom Level button on the status bar



• Setting Other Browser Options– Use the Internet

Options dialog box to set browser options

• Number of days browsing history is maintained

• Tab settings• Instant Search box

settings


Using the Web: Risks and Safeguards

• Protecting Your Computer from Hackers– A hacker is individual who uses computer

skills to access a network without authorization

– A firewall is hardware and/or software that blocks outside intruders

• Home computers: install a personal firewall to protect against hackers

– BlackICE PC Protection– McAfee VirusScan Plus– Norton Personal Firewall


• Protecting Your Computer from Viruses– A computer virus is a small, potentially

damaging computer program that can infect a computer and then spread to other computers through

• Sending/receiving e-mail• Downloading files• Exchanging word processing or spreadsheet files

– Install virus protection software to protect against infection

Using the Web: Risks and Safeguards (cont'd)



• Shopping Safely Online– Use reputable online vendors

– Pay with a credit card over a secure (SSL) connection

– Use a third-party payment service if participating in online auctions



• Filtering Out Objectionable Online Content– Web is a largely

unregulated environment

• Use blocking software (content filters)

• Use the IE Content Advisor



• Protecting Against Phishing Sites– A phishing site is a phony site designed to look

like a legitimate site

– Used by thieves to collect personal information• Name• Address• Social Security number• Bank account information• Credit card information

– IE 7 has built-in Phishing Filter that evaluates sites



• Managing Pop-ups– Pop-up advertising

windows can be annoying

– IE7 has a built-in Pop-up Blocker

• You can set options to control pop-ups



• Keeping Your Personal Information Private– Employers have the right to monitor use of

computer equipment and Internet access by their employees

– ECPA and Patriot Act govern what personal information can be collected by the government

– Look for and read Web sites' posted privacy policies and statements



• Keeping Your Personal Information Private (cont'd)– At e-business sites, look for membership in

TRUSTe program which sets rules for how members gather, use, and protect personal information at member sites



• Keeping Your Personal Information Private (cont'd)– Be aware of cookies

• Text files stored on a computer’s hard drive used by companies to store information to customize Web pages, store passwords, track browsing activities, and target advertising

– Be aware of Web bugs or beacons• Hidden graphics embedded in Web pages that

collect information



• Keeping Your Personal Information Private (cont'd)– Change the privacy settings in the Privacy tab in

the Internet Options dialog box to control the type of cookies you accept

– Install software to protect against Web bugs

– Review Web site privacy policy statements

– Opt-out of personal information collection at Web sites


Chapter Review

• The Web is a dynamic environment containing millions of Web sites and billions of pages

• The number of pages at a Web site varies; but the primary page is the home page

• A Web portal is a special type of Web site that acts as a starting point or doorway to Web content and services

• The interaction between a Web browser and a Web server is an example of client/server computing


Chapter Review (cont'd)

• An IP address is the unique numerical address of a computer on a network

• A domain name is an easy-to-remember text alias for one or more IP addresses

• A URL or Web address is the unique address of a Web page



• Start a Web browser by double-clicking the browser icon on the desktop or by clicking All Programs on the Start menu

• Load a Web page by typing the page’s URL in the Address box on the Address bar and clicking the Go button or pressing the Enter key

• Use Back, Forward, Recent Pages, Home, Stop, and Refresh buttons to revisit pages, load the browser's home page, and refresh the current page



• Tabbed browsing allows you to open multiple Web pages in the same browser window

• Revisit previously viewed Web pages by clicking a URL in the Address list, by creating and clicking a favorite, or by clicking a URL in the History list

• Print, save, or e-mail a Web page to save its content for later use

• Customize the browser window by showing or hiding the menu bar, toolbars, the Command bar, and by changing the browser's home page set



• Install personal firewall software to protect a personal computer from outside intruders

• Shop online from reputable vendors, pay by credit card to limit liability, and use a secure Internet connection for the transaction

• Become familiar with Web site privacy policies and opt-out from information collection at the sites, if desired

Chapter 2 Complete

Browsing the Web

chapter 2 browsing the web

Technology

web site web pages

web pages contd

web servers contd web

web portals

multiple web pages

web browsers contd

web page url

web browser options