chapter 19; section 1 main ideas main idea #1: industrialization had major impacts on everyday life...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 19; Section 1 Main Ideas
Main Idea #1: Industrialization had major impacts on everyday life
Main Idea #2: Agriculture saw major changes in methods and land distribution
Main Idea #3: Coal is the new energy resource
Crash Course
http://youtu.be/zhL5DCizj5c
Section 1; Dawn of the Industrial Age started in Britain and was a slow, long, and uneven process
Life Changes as Industry Spreads: people bought their goods, travel distances and speeds increased (steamship / train), and new products poured out between 1830-1855
Agriculture Spurs Industry as the first and second agricultural revolution improved quality and quantity of goods Farming Methods Improve (led by the Dutch) as new
technology and farming practices grew; The Enclosure movement, process of consolidating farm land into one large farm (smaller farmers lost their land)
Population Multiplies (5 to 9 million between 1700 to 1800 in Britain; Europe increased 60 million between 1700-1800) due to the agricultural revolution
Chapter 19; Section 1 Notes
Enclosure Movement…Part II….
How does this represent Part II of the Enclosure
movement?
Instead of buying the land, what does
Wal*Mart and Home Depot do?
New Technology Becomes Key through new sources of energy and materials, which changed the way work was doneAn Energy Revolution: coal, water pumps, and
steam enginesThe Quality of Iron Improves: Darby used coal to
smelt (separate iron from ore), which produced a better quality and less expensive iron (new iron was used in a variety of ways)
Chapter 19; Section 1 Notes
ENERGY SOURCES
1. What connections can you make with this video and industrial revolution?
2. What effect could the Bloom Box have in other areas of society?
Section 1 Activity…
Cause of Industrialization
Cause of Industrialization
Cause of Industrialization
Industrial Revolution
Causes of the Industrial Revolution…
Section 1 Activity…
Internet, Google, Yahoo, Bing, AOL,
Smart Phones, Nintendo, Xbox
Causes of the Information Revolution…
*Similarities Between the Causes of the Industrial Revolution and the Information Revolution
*Similarities Between the Causes of the Industrial Revolution and the Information Revolution ???
Connections, Thoughts, Similarity: _________________Connections, Thoughts, Similarity: _________________
What will be the next great revolution??? _______________
Chapter 19; Section 1 Main Ideas
Main Idea #1: Industrialization had major impacts on everyday life
Main Idea #2: Agriculture saw major changes in methods and land distribution
Main Idea #3: Coal is the new energy resource
Chapter 19; Section 2 Main Ideas
Main Idea #1: Britain industrialized 1st
Main Idea #2:Textile Industry developed 1st
Main Idea #3: Factories developed 2nd
Main Idea #4: Transportation Revolution developed 3rd
Examples: Turnpikes, Canals, Locomotives
Section 2; Britain Leads the Way as the agricultural revolution aided in the population boom and left many farmers homeless and jobless, which would lead to the development of cities and industrialization
Why Britain? There are several reasons, mainly natural resources, demand, and capital
Chapter 19; Section 2 Notes
The Textile Industry Advances / develops first in the industrial revolution through the putting-out system / cottage industry Inventions Speed Production as Kay invented the
“flying shuttle” (machine which weaved the cotton), Hargreaves invented the “spinning jenny” (machine which spun the threads), and Arkwright patented the water frame (which was a spinning machine powered by water)
Factories Are Born in Britain as large sheds were built near a power source (rivers, and later steam) and workers came to the machines
The Transportation Revolution was created out of necessity as entrepreneurs needed faster and cheaper ways to move goods and resources (turnpikes, canals, and bridges became common in Britain and other industrialized regions) Canals Boom was created when the Bridgewater canal cut
the price of coal in half in Manchester, eventually canals lost their importance as steam locomotives made railroads the new preferred form of transportation
Welcome the Steam Locomotive by Stephenson and the first major rail line was from Liverpool to Manchester in England (1830), and by 1870 rail lines crisscrossed Britain, Europe, and North America
Section 2 Activity…Transportation
Revolution Examples
Effect on Economy Effect on Society Effect on Environment
Turnpikes Positive or Negative Positive or Negative Positive or Negative
Canals Positive or Negative Positive or Negative Positive or Negative
Steam Locomotive Positive or Negative Positive or Negative Positive or Negative
Automobiles & Semi-Trucks
Positive or Negative Positive or Negative Positive or Negative
Electric Cars Positive or Negative Positive or Negative Positive or Negative
High Speed Trains Positive or Negative Positive or Negative Positive or Negative
For each topic circle whether or not you believe the effect is positive or negative
Be able to defend / support your answers with evidence
1st – Textiles, 2nd – Factories, 3rd - Transportation
See, Think, Wonder Activity….
*What connection do you see regarding textiles, factories, and transportation in the early 1900s?
*What do you think possible cause / effect connections are there for the information revolution?
*In what areas do you wonder the next revolution be in?
Chapter 19; Section 2 Main Ideas
Main Idea #1: Britain industrialized 1st
Main Idea #2:Textile Industry developed 1st
Main Idea #3: Factories developed 2nd
Main Idea #4: Transportation Revolution developed 3rd
Examples: Turnpikes, Canals, Locomotives
Chapter 19; Section 3 Main Ideas
Main Idea #1: The Middle Class and Working Class were created
Main Idea #2: Life in the factories was harsh
Pay, Hours, Child Labor
Main Idea #3: Results of Industrialization on Society had many positives and negatives
Section 3; Social Impact of the Industrial Revolution made a few people wealthy, but most lived a life of poverty and harsh living conditions (although the worst abuses would be curbed), but eventually industrialization increased the standard of living and all levels of society would benefit from industrialization
People Move to New Industrial Cities (urbanization) due to changes in farming, soaring population, and an increasing demand for workers which led to dramatic changes in the location and distribution of labor and people (first existence of pollution as people describe a “cloud of coal vapor” and the stench of the river in Manchester, England)
New Social Classes Emerge: Middle Class (owned and operated factories, mines, and railroads living a comfortable life) & Working Class (farmers who lost their land, and became factory and mine workers living a harsh life) The Industrial Middle Class included investors and inventors (some a rags to
riches story) who lived a well-furnished life (women of the middle class did not leave the home, but rather focused on raising children)
The Industrial Working Class lived in tiny rooms called tenements (multistory buildings divided into apartments with no running water, and no sewage or sanitation systems)
Life in the Factories and Mines imposed a harsh new way of life on workers Factory Workers Face Harsh Conditions: long hours (12-16hrs, 6-7 days a
week), schedule set by the factory, breaks only when the owner gave permission, many accidents occurred / lack of safety, poor working conditions (air pollution), more women were hired rather than men (half pay, and easier to manage)
Miners Face Worse Conditions as the demand for iron and coal doubled as they worked in darkness, coal dust destroyed their lungs, constant dangers of injury, and children were exploited due to their small size
Children Have Dangerous Jobs started as low as age 7 or 8 (some cases 5) as their small bodies were perfect for some of the factory and mine work; child labor was a must for working class families in order to eat
Eventually child reform acts were passed (“Factory Acts”) in the early 1800s (reduce workday to 12 hrs, & set age limits at 8 or 9 to work)
The Results of Industrialization can be viewed as a blessing or a curse: hardships, reformed laws, labor unions, working-class gained the right to vote, low pay, dismal living conditions, demand for goods grew, new factories opened up creating more jobs, wages slowly rose
Compass Points Activity…N= S = E = W = What is worrisome
N =
S =
W = E =
Section 3 Activity…Impacts of Industrialization
Benefits
Challenges
Chapter 19; Section 3 Main Ideas
Main Idea #1: The Middle Class and Working Class were created
Main Idea #2: Life in the factories was harsh
Pay, Hours, Child Labor
Main Idea #3: Results of Industrialization on Society had many positives and negatives
Chapter 19; Section 4 Main IdeasMain Idea #1: Government Systems / Theories…
Utilitarianism – “the greatest happiness for the greatest number”
Socialism – everyone would own and operate the means of production
Utopianism - some government intervention, and “greatest happiness for the greatest number”
Communism – a small group controls economic and political decisions
Main Idea #2: Economic Systems / Theories…Market Economy – Supply & Demand pushes economic decisions (also called free market, free enterprise, capitalism)
Centrally Planned Economy – government makes economic decisions (also called a command economy, socialist, or communist economy)
Mixed Economy – is a mix of a market economy & centrally planned economy
Section 4; New Ways of Thinking saw many heirs to the enlightenment look for natural laws that governed the world of business and economics
Laissez-Faire (“hands-off” approach, no government intervention in the economy) Economics was embraced in the early 1800s; Adams Smith was the main proponent of laissez-faire economics in his book The Wealth of Nations (believed a free-market would benefit everyone / all levels of society by lowering prices and encourage capitalists to reinvest); best example of laissez-faire was the success of the industrial revolution, which the government had no part of Recardo Shares View in his “Iron Law of Wages” as wages increased families
had more children rather than raise the standard of living
Symbol, Color, Slogan Activity….
Utilitarians for Limited Government by Bentham sought to justify some government interaction based in the idea / the goal of society should be “the greatest happiness for the greatest number” of its citizens (weighing decisions based on how much pleasure or pain it would bring)
Symbol, Color, Slogan Activity….
Socialist Thought Emerges believing people as a whole rather than private individuals would own and operate the means of production (farms, factories, railways, and other large businesses that produced and distributed goods); Socialism grew out of the Enlightenment faith in progress and human nature concerning social justice
Symbol, Color, Slogan Activity….
Karl Marx Explains Class Struggles as he created a new theory “scientific socialism” and claimed it was based on scientific study of history and teamed up with Engels (another German socialist) They wrote The Communist Manifesto in 1848 predicting a class
struggle between the “haves” / bourgeoisie and “have-nots” / proletariat (working class), and the proletariat would win the struggle and take over the means of production and set up a classless society
Symbol, Color, Slogan Activity….
Section 4 Activity…Government
SystemBasic Concept In terms of Parenting, what
does this look like?
Utilitarianism
Socialism
Utopianism
Communism
Economic System
Basic Concept In terms of a typical family structure, what does each economic structure look like?
Market Economy
Centrally Planned Economy
Mixed Economy
Chapter 19; Section 4 Main IdeasMain Idea #1: Government Systems / Theories…
Utilitarianism – “the greatest happiness for the greatest number”
Socialism – everyone would own and operate the means of production
Utopianism - some government intervention, and “greatest happiness for the greatest number”
Communism – a small group controls economic and political decisions
Main Idea #2: Economic Systems / Theories…Market Economy – Supply & Demand pushes economic decisions (also called free market, free enterprise, capitalism)
Centrally Planned Economy – government makes economic decisions (also called a command economy, socialist, or communist economy)
Mixed Economy – is a mix of a market economy & centrally planned economy