chapter 19: prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 19: Prepositions, Conjunctions,
and Interjections
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Chapter 19, Section 1
• Attention Grabber...– You’re mentioning PREPOSITIONS.
• Define Preposition:– They relate words within a sentence.– Shows relationships between separate things,
including location, direction, cause, & possession.
– They can be single words or compound instead. (page 402)
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Replace the preposition with another preposition
1) Does the basketball season generally come before the football season?
1) after
2) The standard length of a basketball court is 94 feet, and the width is 50 feet.
1) for
3) A basket attached to a backboard hangs over each end of the court.
1) at
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Prepositional Phrases
• Main Idea:– A group of words that includes a preposition &
a noun or pronoun.• The noun or pronoun following the preposition is
called the object of a preposition.
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Identify the Prepositional Phrases
1) College basketball tournaments came into their own in 1939. (2)
1) into their own; in 1939
2) Since that time, players have been setting records. (1)
1) Since that time
3) Players are often named all-American for outstanding performances. (1)
1) for outstanding performances
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Preposition or Adverb?
• Quick tip:– Prepositions have objects; adverbs do not.
• Examples:– The ball flew through the net.
• Preposition; object is net
– We were waved right through.• Adverb
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Identify the underlined words as preposition or adverb
1) Have you ever seen a live college basketball game before?
1) adverb
2) A sign outside the arena said my two favorite teams were playing inside.
1) Outside is a preposition; inside is an adverb
3) Come along; let’s get to our seats before the game starts.
1) adverb
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19.2 Conjunctions & Interjections
• What is the difference between conjunctions and interjections?– Conjunction link ideas– Interjections add emotion.
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Three Types of Conjunction
1. Coordinating conjunctions1. Connects similar words together.
2. Correlative conjunctions1. Connect similar words, but appear in pairs.
3. Subordinating conjunctions1. Connects 2 complete ideas, but one is more
important than the other.
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Identify the conjunction. Is it a coordinating, correlative, or subordinating conjunction? State none if there is no conjunction.
1) The term environment refers to the surroundings of either an individual organism or a community of organisms.
1) either…or; correlative
2) The word surroundings refers to all living and nonliving materials around an organism.
1) and; coordinating
3) These materials include both food and water.1) Both…and; correlative
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Identify the conjunction. Is it a coordinating, correlative, or subordinating conjunction?
1) An organism is influenced not only by its immediate surroundings but also by physical forces.
1) Not only…but also; correlative
2) When we use the word environment, we often think about the adverse effects of human activities.
1) When; subordinating
3) Environmental groups work to prevent or lessen damage caused by human activities.
1) or; coordinating
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Conjunctive Adverbs
• Def: Acts as a conjunction to connect complete ideas.
• Example: – Human activities sometimes having damaging
effects on the environment; therefore, society develops ways to prevent or lessen these damages.• therefore is a conjunctive adverb
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Identify the Conjunctive Adverb
• Humans produce all kinds of waste; recycling is one way to reduce waste accumulation.– Rewritten: Humans produce all kinds of
waste; therefore, recycling is one way to reduce waste accumulation.
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Interjections• Def: A word that expresses emotion or
feeling; it functions independently of a sentence.
• Example:– (disappointment) Look at the garbage on the
ground.• Oh, look at the garbage on the ground.
– (pain) That burns.• Ouch! That burns.