chapter 19 agents affecting blood clotting. copyright 2007 thomson delmar learning, a division of...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 19
Agents Affecting Blood Clotting
![Page 2: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 2
Blood Clotting
Thromboemboli Cause many deaths per year
Anticoagulants Prevent the formation of coagulants
![Page 3: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 3
Anticoagulant Agents
Inhibit the formation of clots Heparin
Found in mast cells
Action Inhibit the clotting process
![Page 4: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 4
Heparin
Heparin action Indirectly interferes with the conversion of
prothrombin to thrombin The deficiency of thrombin prevents the
conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
(continues)
![Page 5: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 5
Heparin
Destroyed if given orally Administered via IV infusion
No intramuscular injections Administered subcutaneously
Longer acting form No intramuscular injections
(continued)
![Page 6: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 6
Heparin: Side Effects
Hemorrhage Allergy Antidote
Protamine sulfate Caution
Do not administer to clients with coagulation disorders
![Page 7: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 7
Low Molecular Weight Anticoagulant
Related to heparin Minor risk for bleeding
Does not affect the action of thrombin in the clotting cascade
(continues)
![Page 8: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 8
Low Molecular Weight Anticoagulant
Example: enoxaparim (Lovenox)
(continued)
![Page 9: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 9
Oral Anticoagulants
Warfarin (Coumadin) Inhibits blood clotting by interfering with
the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors
Close client monitoring Dosage is individualized International normalized ratio
![Page 10: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 10
Antiplatelet Agents
Action: inhibit the aggregation of platelets
Treat clients who have had cerebrovascular accidents or myocardial infarctions
![Page 11: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 11
Antiplatelets
Examples Aspirin Abciximab (ReoPro) Clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix)
![Page 12: Chapter 19 Agents Affecting Blood Clotting. Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved. 19 - 2 Blood](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649c9e5503460f9495ead6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
19 - 12
Thrombolytic Agents
Action Convert plasminogen to enzyme
fibrinolysin; fibrinolysin dissolves clots Example
Streptokinase (IV) Caution
Hemorrhage