chapter 17 reading quiz wave optics - physics &...
TRANSCRIPT
• Double-slit interference
• Diffraction gratings
• Thin-film interference
• Single-slit diffraction
•
Chapter 17
Wave Optics
Topics:
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• Circular-aperture diffraction
Sample question:
The vivid colors of this hummingbird’s feathers have a sheen unlike that of ordinary pigments, and the
angle at which they’re viewed. How does light interact with the feathers to produce this bright display?
The vivid colors of this hummingbird’s feathers have a sheen unlike hey change subtly depending on the
angle at which they’re viewed. How does light interact with the feathers to produce this bright display?
Slide 17-1
Reading Quiz
1. All waves spread out after passing through a small enough gap in a barrier. This phenomenon is known as
A. antireflection
B. double-slit interference
C. refraction
D. diffraction
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All waves spread out after passing through a small enough gap in a barrier. This phenomenon is known as
Slide 17-2
1. All waves spread out after passing through a small enough
gap in a barrier. This phenomenon is known as
D. diffraction
Answer
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All waves spread out after passing through a small enough
gap in a barrier. This phenomenon is known as
Slide 17-3
Reading Quiz
2. The wave model of light is needed to explain many of the
phenomena discussed in this chapter. Which of the following can be understood without appealing to the wave model?
A. single-slit diffraction
B. thin-film interference
C. sharp-ended shadows
D. double-slit interference
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The wave model of light is needed to explain many of the
phenomena discussed in this chapter. Which of the following can be understood without appealing to the wave model?
Slide 17-4
2. The wave model of light is needed to explain many of the phenomena discussed in this chapter. Which of the following can be understood without appealing to the wave model?
C. sharp-ended shadows
Answer
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The wave model of light is needed to explain many of the phenomena discussed in this chapter. Which of the following can be understood without appealing to the wave model?
Slide 17-5
Water Waves Spread Out behind a
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Water Waves Spread Out behind a Small Opening
Slide 17-6
Light Waves Also Spread Out Behind a Very Narrow Slit
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Light Waves Also Spread Out Behind a Very Narrow Slit
Slide 17-7
Young’s Double-Slit Interference Experiment
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Slit Interference Experiment
Slide 17-8
Analyzing the Double-Slit Experiment
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Slit Experiment
Slide 17-9
Bright and Dark Fringes in the Double
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Bright and Dark Fringes in the Double-Slit Experiment
Slide 17-10
Example
Two narrow slits 0.04 mm apart are illuminated by light from a
HeNe laser (λ = 633 nm).
A. What is the angle of the first (
B. What is the angle of the thirtieth bright fringe?
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Two narrow slits 0.04 mm apart are illuminated by light from a
What is the angle of the first (m = 1) bright fringe?
What is the angle of the thirtieth bright fringe?
Slide 17-11
The Diffraction Grating
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Bright Fringes for a Diffraction Grating
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Bright Fringes for a Diffraction Grating
Slide 17-13
The Intensity Pattern Due to a Diffraction Grating
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The Intensity Pattern Due to a Diffraction Grating
Slide 17-14
The Fringes Become Very Narrow as the Number of Slits is Increased
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The Fringes Become Very Narrow as the Number of
Slide 17-15
A Diffraction Grating Splits Light into the Wavelengths That Make It Up
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A Diffraction Grating Splits Light into the Wavelengths
Slide 17-16
Thin-Film Interference
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Phase Changes Due to Reflection
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Phase Changes Due to Reflection
Slide 17-18
Analyzing Thin-Film Interference
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Film Interference
Slide 17-19 Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Slide 17-20
Checking Understanding
A film of oil (noil = 1.2) floats on top of an unknown fluid “X” (with unknown index of refraction nx). The thickness of the oil film is known to be very small, on the order of 10 nm. A beam of white light illuminates the oil from the top, and you observe that there is very little reflected light, much less reflection than at an interface between air and X. What can you say about the index of refraction
of X?
A. nx > 1.2
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A. nx > 1.2
B. nx < 1.2
C. nx = 1.2
D. There is insufficient information to tell.
= 1.2) floats on top of an unknown fluid “X” (with ). The thickness of the oil film is
known to be very small, on the order of 10 nm. A beam of white light illuminates the oil from the top, and you observe that there is very little reflected light, much less reflection than at an interface between air and X. What can you say about the index of refraction
There is insufficient information to tell.
Slide 17-21
A film of oil (noil = 1.2) floats on top of an unknown fluid “X” (with unknown index of refraction nx). The thickness of the oil film is known to be very small, on the order of 10 nm. A beam of white light illuminates the oil from the top, and you observe that there is very little reflected light, much less reflection than at an interface between air and X. What can you say about the index of refraction
of X?
Answer
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B. nx < 1.2
= 1.2) floats on top of an unknown fluid “X” (with ). The thickness of the oil film is
known to be very small, on the order of 10 nm. A beam of white light illuminates the oil from the top, and you observe that there is very little reflected light, much less reflection than at an interface between air and X. What can you say about the index of refraction
Slide 17-22
Single-Slit Diffraction
Light passing through a narrow slit spreads out beyond the slit.
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Light passing through a narrow slit spreads out
Slide 17-23
Analyzing Single-Slit Diffraction
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Slit Diffraction
Slide 17-24
Single-Slit Diffraction: Positions and Intensities
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Slit Diffraction: Positions and Intensities
Slide 17-25
Circular-Aperture Diffraction
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Aperture Diffraction
Slide 17-26
Checking Understanding
The fringe pattern below could be due to
A. a single slit or two slits.
B. ten slits.
C. either two slits or ten slits.
D. either one slit or two slits.
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The fringe pattern below could be due to
Slide 17-27
The fringe pattern below could be due to
B. ten slits.
Answer
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The fringe pattern below could be due to
Slide 17-28
Checking Understanding
If the two slits shown are illuminated in turn by a broad laser beam, which produces a wider illuminated region on the screen at the right?
A. The 1-cm-wide slit.
B. The 2-cm-wide slit.
C. There’s no way to tell with the information given.
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If the two slits shown are illuminated in turn by a broad laser beam, which produces a wider illuminated region on the screen at the right?
There’s no way to tell with the
Slide 17-29
If the two slits shown are illuminated in turn by a broad laser beam, which produces a wider illuminated region on the screen at the right?
C. There’s no way to tell with the information given.
Answer
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If the two slits shown are illuminated in turn by a broad laser beam, which produces a wider illuminated region on the screen at the right?
There’s no way to tell with the
Slide 17-29
Exercise
What is the diameter of an aperture for which the diffraction
central maximum is the same size as the geometric image of the hole?
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What is the diameter of an aperture for which the diffraction
central maximum is the same size as the geometric image of
Slide 17-31