chapter

16Outdoor and Adventure Recreation

Introduction

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Statistics on Outdoor Usage

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Definitions

• Outdoor recreation. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• Nature-based tourism. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Definitions (continued)

• Ecotourism. __________________________________________________________________________

• Environmental interpretation. __________________________________________________________________________

• Adventure recreation. __________________________________________________________________________

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Definitions (continued)

• Adventure tourism. ________________________________________________________________________________

• Adventure programming. ________________________________________________________________________________

• Experiential education. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Meaning of Nature and Special Places

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History of Outdoor Recreation in North America (1500–1890)

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History of Outdoor Recreation in North America (1890–Present)

• By 1900, a growing urban population began to perceive and mourn the loss of what once was the infinite North American frontier.

• The following occurred early in the 20th century:– _____________________________________________

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• In the late 1920s more visitors traveled to national parks by automobile than by train. The accessibility of the automobile led to the first “golden age of tourism” in North America.

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History of Outdoor Recreation in North America (1890–Present)

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(continued)

History of Outdoor Recreation in North America (1890–Present)

(continued)

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Outdoor Recreation Demand

• Historical social forces: _____________________________________

• Contemporary trends and lifestyles: _____________________________________

• Economic behavior: _____________________________________

• Technology: _____________________________________

Outdoor Recreation Participation and Trends in the United States

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Outdoor Recreation Participation and Trends in Canada

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Outdoor Recreation Demand: A Social Psychological Phenomenon

1. Demand for experiences: ____________________________________

2. Human–environment interaction: ________________________________________________________________________

3. Role of socialization and experience: ________________________________________________________________________

Outdoor Recreation Providers and Careers

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Outdoor Recreation Resources

• Parks, wilderness, and preserves: ________________________________________________________________________________________

• Forests, grasslands, deserts, and wetlands: ________________________________________________________________________________________

• Water-based resources: ________________________________________________________________________________________

U.S. Federal Land Agencies

• ____________________________________• ____________________________________ • ____________________________________ • ____________________________________• ____________________________________ • ____________________________________ • ____________________________________

Canadian and U.S. Land Agencies

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• Nonprofit organizations:– _______________________________________– _______________________________________– _______________________________________

Adventure Programming and Experiential Education

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Outdoor Leadership

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Outdoor Adventure Associations

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Challenges and Trends for the Future

• Challenges: – ____________________________________________

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• Trends: – ____________________________________________

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Discussion: Subject: Cronon

American historian William Cronon argued that “nature is a human idea, with a long and complicated cultural history which has led different human beings to conceive of the natural world in very different ways.” • What is the intent and significance of this quote?