chapter 16-invasion of pearl harbor

7/31/2019 Chapter 16-Invasion of Pearl Harbor

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The Japanese Invasion of

Pearl Harbor

Chapter 26-27

(American History Text)


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1930s Japan

Japan was bogged

down in the costly and

exhausting China

incident Mired in a bloody war

with China since the

Mukden Incident

(Second Sino-Japanese

War) in 1931


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1930s Japan/US Relations Japans war machine was

fatally dependent upon

immense shipments of

steel, scrap iron, oil, and

aviation gas from the

United States

This situation was highly

unpopular among theAmerican people who

called for an embargo


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1930s Japan/US Relations FDR rejected an embargo on Japan in order to avoid

a Japanese attack on the oil-rich, but defense-poor

Dutch East Indies (Malaysia, Indonesia, etc.), BUT

This situation was not to last very long!


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1940s Japan/US Relations 1940- US imposed the first of it

embargoes on Japan-bound supplies


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1940s Japan/US Relations 1941- US froze

Japanese assets in

US banks and

ceased all shipments

of gasoline and

other aspects of war


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1940s Japan/US Relations Provided the Japanese government with

two options

1) Cave into the Americans and theirdemands

2) Break out of the embargo ring with a

desperate attack on the oil supplies andother riches of SE Asia


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1940s Japan/US Relations November/December, 1941- negotiations with

Japan took place in Washington, D.C.

US insisted that the Japanese pull out of China in

exchange for renewed trade relations on a limitedbasis

The Japanese were unwilling to lose face bywithdrawing at the request of the US and

decided to reject the offer US officials had developed the idea that Japan

would resort to warbut where?


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1940s Japan/US Relations Side Note: November 1941- Japan launched

invasion force of thirty ships (among them- six

aircraft carriers) aimed at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii


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Eve of the Pearl Harbor Invasion

US believed that the invasion would take placesomewhere in the Far East

Malaysia or the Philippines

No high-ranking American officials believed thatthe Japanese would be either reckless enough orstrong enough to strike the American naval baseat Hawaii

Japanese delegates deliberately prolongednegotiations in Washington in an attempt tokeep the US guessing


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Japanese Invasion of Pearl Harbor

December 7, 1941- Japan sneak attacks PearlHarbor

Over 350 planes in two waves attacked the US naval

base in Hawaii within one hour of each other 150 warplanes were destroyed on the ground

Bulk of the US supply in the Pacific Theater

8 battleships, 3 cruisers, and 3 destroyers were

destroyed All aircraft carriers were out to sea (none destroyed)

Over 70 civilians and 2300 servicemen were killed


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Aftermath of Pearl Harbor

December 8, 1941-Presidential Address toCongress

FDR delivers his Day of

Infamy Speech

Within an hour of thespeech, Congress passeda formal declaration of

war against Japan andofficially brought the USinto World War II

chapter 16-invasion of pearl harbor

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