chapter 16 dna replication. base pairing a forms 2 h bonds with t g forms 3 h bonds with g in rna, a...

Chapter 16 DNA Replication

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Chapter 16

DNA Replication

Base Pairing

• A forms 2 H bonds with T

• G forms 3 H bonds with G

• In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U

• Complimentary strands

• Anti-parallel orientation

Proteins Involved in DNA Replication

• Helicase• Topoisomerase• Single stranded

binding proteins• Primase• DNA Polymerase III• DNA Polymerase I• DNA Ligase

Page 4: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Steps in DNA Replication

• Open the strands to access the nitrogenous bases

• Prime• Build leading strand• Build lagging strand• Repair• Open next segment

Page 5: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Opening the DNA

• Origins of replication• Helicase• Replication fork• Replication bubble• Antiparallel alignment• Single stranded

binding proteins• Topoisomerases

Page 6: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Formation of Replication Fork

Page 7: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Priming DNA Replication

• Primase• RNA primer• Free 3’ hydroxyl• 5’-3’ progression of

newly manufactured strand

• Template strand in 3’-5’ direction

Page 8: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Building DNA

• DNA Polymerase III– 5’-3’ new strand– 3’-5’ template strand

• Leading strand– Toward replication fork– continuous

• Lagging strand– Away from replication fork– discontinuous– Okazaki fragments

Page 9: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Clean up

• DNA Polymerase I– Removes RNA primer– Fills in gap

• DNA Ligase– Closes nicked region

Page 10: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Summary

Page 11: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Movies and Videos

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teV62zrm2P0&feature=related

• http://www.wiley.com/college/pratt/0471393878/student/animations/dna_replication/index.html

• http://www.bioteach.ubc.ca/TeachingResources/MolecularBiology/DNAReplication.swf

• http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp11/1102002.html

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jtmOZaIvS0• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIZpb93NYlw

http://www.wiley.com/college/pratt/0471393878/student/animations/dna_replication/index.html

Page 12: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

Replicating the Ends of DNA Molecules

• Chromosome ends• Repetitive sequences• Shorten with each

replicative cycle• Fray• Time keeper• 50 cycles

Page 13: Chapter 16 DNA Replication. Base Pairing A forms 2 H bonds with T G forms 3 H bonds with G In RNA, A forms 2 H bonds with U Complimentary strands Anti-parallel

DNA Organization

• Histone proteins• Nucleosomes• Chromosomes• Condensed only for

cell division

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chapter 16 dna replication. base pairing a forms 2 h bonds with t g forms 3 h bonds with g in rna, a...

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