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Pregnancy and

Preparing for Birth

CHAPTER 15 By: Gina Zewiey

Change and Growth: Physically

• Every organ system adapts

• Heart grows as it pumps extra blood throughout your body • Digestion patterns change

as your body delivers nutrients from the food to the growing fetus

• Hormonal changes cause changes to skin and hair

• Ligaments soften to allow your pelvis to enlarge to accommodate to the birth of your baby

• Cells divide, brain synapses develop, a new heart starts to beat

• Breasts grow and begin to produce the nutrient filled milk called lostrum

• Becoming a mother transforms your identity and calls on your emotional strengths and resources

• You gain confidence in your own abilities• Learning to trust yourself during the changes of

pregnancy, birth, and parenthood may help us as we face other challenges throughout life

• Many women report heightened perceptions, increased energy, and feelings of being in love, special, fertile, potent, and creative while pregnant

• Many also have strong negative emotions or feel ambivalent with this baby growing inside you

• Pregnancy and childbirth raise perfectly natural fears of pain and the unknown

Change and Growth: Emotionally

Midwife

• Midwives attend and support women during pregnancy and childbirth, and teach other women to do so

• They are trained to provide women with prenatal care, care during labor and birth, and follow-up care after the baby is born

• In the U.S today, midwives attend approx. 1 in 10 vaginal births, primarily in hospitals

• There are many other different types of Midwives such as:- certified nurse midwives (educated in nursing and midwifery- certifies midwives (educated in only midwifery)

- certifies professional midwives (specialize in healthy pregnancy and natural childbirth and attend births at home and, in some states, birth centers) - other midwives (some are not certifies and consider themselves “traditional, independent, or direct entry” midwives)

Choosing a Birth Place…

• Home: good option for healthy women who have healthy pregnancies, a safe and supportive home environment, and easy access to backup medical care. But had two critical characteristics: 1.) rely on bodies natural abilities (not machines or drugs), 2.) you can receive continuous support from attendants of own choosing

• Birth Center: homelike places with added comfort such as birth tubs and birthing balls. They have systems in place to deal with complications during labor and transfer to a hospital if need be. They provide comprehensive family-centered care for women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the time following birth.

• Birth Centers in Hospitals: these palaces in hospitals are for healthy women who desire midwifery model and low intervention care but also in close proximity of medical help (anesthesia and surgical facilities) if need be.

• Hospital: standard setting for many women who choose to be close to medical care while giving birth. Considered safest for women with high blood pressure, disorders, carrying multiple children, delivering prematurely etc.

Child Birth Classes

• These classes help fill the gap to the preparation for labor, birth, breastfeeding, and early parenting in detail.

• Women can choose from Lamaze, Bradley Method, ICEA, Birth Works, HypnoBirthing, Birthing from Within, and mindfulness-based childbirth preparation methods.

• Techniques such as meditation, visualization, movement, and rhythmic techniques are tools you might use to help ride the waves of labor!

Prenatal CareConsists of three interrelated elements:

1.) regular visits with your midwife or doctor

2.) the care you give yourself

3.) the care you receive from your friends, family, and other support people

First Prenatal Visit!

• During your first prenatal visit you will meet your care provider and you should always come with questions to ask to decided if this care provider is good for you!

• If possible bring your significant other, family member or friend to your first visit.

• You will be asked about your health history and your families history, your backround, your occupation, and what support you have at home. You will also talk about diet, exercise, and drug an alcohol abuse.

• Another important goal is to establish a reliable estimated due date (EDD).

• Then you will schedule more follow up dates throughout your pregnancy.

Tests During Pregnancy

• They provide information about your health and detect conditions that can often be treated

• If you do not want certain tests, for example a blood HIV test, you are allowed to refuse them in most states

• After first visit, blood tests are not needed at each visit, but at the sixth month a blood test that measures the level of sugar in your blood is routine in many practices

What do the prenatal tests do?

• Genetic Carrier Testing: blood tests that can be performed before you get pregnant or in early pregnancy. This test determines if you or your partner is a carrier of diseases that can be passed to your children. (blood tests for sickle cell anemia or cystic fibrosis)

• Screening Tests: to measure the likelihood that your fetus had a particular condition but cannot tell for certain whether the fetus has the condition. (ultrasounds and “maternal marker” blood tests)

• Diagnostic Test: give a yes-or-no answer, identifying whether the fetu does or does not have a particular condition. (amniocentesis and chronic villus sampling)

Three Types of Screen Tests

Teens Pregnancies

• Younger teens (13 to 15) have a higher risk of complicated births

• It’s important to gain enough weight for carry the baby, so do not diet

• You may have many plans to make before giving birth.

• For example: - where you and the baby are going to live - how to stay in school and job - arrange for health insurance- ensure that you will have enough

money.

• The more helpful and supportive people in your life (family, friends, counselors, the baby’s father) the better off you will be!

Drug and Alcohol Addicted Babies

• low birth weight• disturbed sleep

patterns • Hyperactive• low frustration

tolerance• easily startled• easily woken• Irritable• poor feeding habits

Symptoms of Drug Addicted

Babies

• rapid heartbeat

• excessive sudden movement

• urinary tract defects

• impaired motor skills

• delayed social skills

• behavior problems

• Pregnancy in your late 30’s or 40’s• Weight and Pregnancy• Abuse and Violence (sexually or non sexually)• Disability• Chronis Illness• Previous Cesarean Section• Depression and Other Mental Health Challenges

Other Special Considerations

During Pregnancy

(Risks)

Preparing For Labor and Birth

• As the day approaches the decisions are being finalized with having a natural birth or you might know if you prefer an epidural.

• May have cultural or religious customs you want to add into your birth

• The major labor and birth choices (such as switching your doctor or midwife during late pregnancy) you will need to consider ahead of time

• You want to know who you want to have in the room for support and which labor interventions you will agree to under which circumstances

Planning for Pain

Management

Preparing for

Breastfeeding

“The transition to motherhood can be challenging, both physically and emotionally. Learning as much as you can and listening to other women’s stories will give you the information and inspiration to face the challenges of pregnancy and childbirth with greater confidence.”

Ready For Birth!

Memorable Quote

“As a woman who struggled with so many body image issues and an eating disorder as a younger woman, my first pregnancy was an exercise in body acceptance. Watching my stomach and hips grow and change in ways I could not control, I felt an alternating sense of disgust and amazement. When I began to look obviously pregnant, something changed. I was able to inhabit my body proudly, touching my hands to my belly knowing that my child needed this body to grow, develop, and give him life—never did I feel such love and pride about my physical body, and it was pure magic!”