Chapter 12 Sections 3 and 4

The New South and the End of Reconstruction

Why did planters have trouble finding people to work for them?

• The work too closely resembled slavery

Sharecropping

• A family would farm some portion of a planter’s land

Sharecropping

• Harsh life• Could be evicted after a

harvest

Tenant Farming

• Did not own the land they farmed

• Paid to rent the land

How did sharecroppers and tenant farming differ?

• Tenant farmers had a little more freedom– Could choose what

plants to grow– What hours to work

How did changes in farming affect the long term health of the South’s economy?

• Too make money, Southern planters had to grow cash crops (like cotton) rather than food crops

Infrastructure

• The public property and services a society uses– This was almost

completely destroyed in the south

How did railroads contribute to the growth of cities?

• Railroads rebuilt and extended in the south

Why was southern industrial growth limited?

• Southern factories often did not make finished goods-focused on the early stages of manufacturing

What were the sources of funding for Reconstruction programs?

• Congress

Enforcement Act of 1870

• Banned the use of terror, force, or bribery to prevent people from voting because of their race.

Why did Congress pass the Enforcement Act of 1870?

• KKK spreading terror throughout the South

Solid South

• A strong bloc of former Confederate and Democratic voters in the South

Compromise of 1877

• Rutherford B. Hayes lost the popular vote in the 1876 Presidential election to Samuel Tilden

Compromise of 1877

• A Congressional commission was set up to resolve the problem

Compromise of 1877

• The 2 parties made a deal

• Hayes would win the Presidency

What 4 factors contributed to the end of Reconstruction?

• Corruption- poor government leadership

What were the successes and failures of Reconstruction?

• Successes• Union is restored• South’s economy grows

and new wealth is created in the North

• 14th and 15th Amendments offer blacks citizenship and equal protection under the law

What were the successes and failures of Reconstruction?

• Failures• Many white southerners

remain bitter toward the federal government and the Republican Party

• The South is sow to industrialize

• After troops leave, many blacks are denied their right to vote