chapter 12: housingchapter 12: housing idaho code §67-6508 (l) requires the following for the...

Bonner County Comprehensive Plan

Bonner Planning Department

Bonner County, Idaho

7/6/2015

Chapter 12: Housing

Idaho Code §67-6508 (l) requires the following for the Housing Component:

An analysis of housing conditions and needs; plans for improvement of housing standards; and plans for the provision of safe, sanitary, and adequate housing, including the provision

for low-cost conventional housing, the siting of manufactured housing and mobile homes in subdivisions and parks and on

individual lots which are sufficient to maintain a competitive market for each of those housing types and to address the needs

of the community.

Bonner County, Idaho | Housing Comprehensive Plan Component 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................................. 2

Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 4

Housing Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 4

Bonner County Cities -- Occupancy .............................................................................................................. 7

Housing Conditions ........................................................................................................................................... 8

Age ................................................................................................................................................................ 8

Bonner County Cities – Age of Structures................................................................................................... 10

Home Heating Sources ................................................................................................................................ 10

Housing Types ................................................................................................................................................. 11

Household Characteristics .......................................................................................................................... 13

Housing Density & Distribution ...................................................................................................................... 15

Housing Costs & Values .................................................................................................................................. 15

Homeowner and Rent Costs as Percentage of Income .............................................................................. 17

Housing Needs ................................................................................................................................................ 19

Housing Programs ........................................................................................................................................... 21

Habitat for Humanity .................................................................................................................................. 23

Bonner Community Housing Agency .......................................................................................................... 24

Homelessness in Bonner County .................................................................................................................... 24

Housing Affordability ...................................................................................................................................... 26

Provisions for Safe, Sanitary, and Adequate Housing .................................................................................... 27

Building Regulations ................................................................................................................................... 27

Floodplain Standards .................................................................................................................................. 28

Fire Safety ................................................................................................................................................... 28

Fair Housing Compliance ................................................................................................................................ 29

Housing Trends and Projections ..................................................................................................................... 31

Distressed Properties .................................................................................................................................. 34

Foreclosures and Short Sales .................................................................................................................. 34

Issues ............................................................................................................................................................... 37

Objectives & Policies ....................................................................................................................................... 37

Action Plan ...................................................................................................................................................... 38

Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................... 39


Appendices ...................................................................................................................................................... 42

Home Heating Source Charts ...................................................................................................................... 43

Home Heating Source Statistics .................................................................................................................. 44

Bonner County Cities - Heating Sources ..................................................................................................... 44

Map of Bonner County Housing Distribution ............................................................................................. 45


INTRODUCTION Bonner County supports a variety of housing types, from single-family dwellings to city-centered apartment buildings to a significant number of “second” and even “third” homes for part-time residents who live in the area to enjoy the summer or winter recreational opportunities. The number of housing units in Bonner County has risen steadily with the population, from 15,152 units in 1990 to 19,646 in 2000 and 24,669 in 2010. A housing unit is defined as “house, apartment, mobile home, group of rooms or a single room that is occupied (or if vacant, is intended for occupancy) as separate living quarters” (U.S. Census Bureau 2012).

The Housing Component of the Comprehensive Plan examines Bonner County’s housing conditions, needs, particular challenges, costs, affordability, trends, and projections. Housing data compiled for this component has been compared with neighboring counties. Comparisons have also been drawn with Valley County, Idaho (Cascade), which has similar seasonal and resort attractions. This component will also review housing issues facing Bonner County, set goals and objectives and establish action plans based upon the housing data.

HOUSING OVERVIEW Of the 24,669 housing units identified in the 2010 census in Bonner County, 17,100 or 69.3% are occupied. The remaining 30.7% are vacant. While this statistic sounds alarming and suggests a depressed rental market or plunging economies, the underlying data indicates Bonner County‘s resort community status draws many part-time and seasonal residents. Of the total number of vacancies, 76.7% are considered “seasonal, recreational, or occasional use,” translating to 23.5% of the county’s total housing units (occupied and vacant). For comparison, Kootenai and Boundary counties each have total vacancy rates of about 14% (U.S. Census Bureau n.d.)

Median home values in Bonner County and the State of Idaho as a whole have continued to climb, as the 2000 census and recent census updates reveal. As of 2013, the estimated median home value in Bonner County stood at $222,200.

Housing Component Goal: “Bonner County recognizes the need to address diverse housing opportunities to provide adequate shelter for all, regardless of age, income or physical abilities.”


BONNER COUNTY HOUSING OCCUPANCY Number % Total housing units 24,669 100.0 Occupied housing units 17,100 69.3 Vacant housing units 7,569 30.7 For rent 470 1.9 Rented, not occupied 51 0.2 For sale only 495 2.0 Sold, not occupied 88 0.4 For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use 5,808 23.5 All other vacants 657 2.7 Homeowner vacancy rate (percent) [8] 3.7 ( X ) Rental vacancy rate (percent) [9] 9.7 ( X ) HOUSING TENURE Owner-occupied housing units 12,757 74.6 Population in owner-occupied housing units 30,332 ( X ) Average household size of owner-occupied units 2.38 (X) Renter-occupied housing units 4,343 25.4 Population in renter-occupied housing units 10,192 ( X ) Average household size of renter-occupied units 2.35 ( X )

(U.S. Census Bureau 2010)

The occupied housing units subset shows 74.6% (or 12,757) were owner-occupied in Bonner County in 2010, while 25.4% were renter-occupied. Average household sizes of both owner and renter-occupied units were almost identical, at 2.38 and 2.35 persons, respectively. The number of owner-occupied to renter-occupied units remained fairly steady over the past few decades, but the vacancy numbers have risen sharply, as seen in the occupancy status chart below.

Since 1980, Bonner County has seen, not surprisingly, an increase in total housing units of more than 100%. Over this time period, the County has experienced a rising and falling wave of owner-occupied housing units as a total of housing units. In 1980 and 2000, owner-occupied percentages were more than 58%, while 1990 and 2010 were somewhere in the 51% range.

During the same timeframe, renter-occupied housing steadily increased as a percentage of total units for their particular year; and overall experienced a 131.9% increase.

Reflecting the reciprocal of the owner-occupied trend, vacant units were a lower percentage of the total number in 1980 and 2000 but a higher percentage in 1990 and 2010. Vacant units saw the greatest increase overtime, at 149.1%.

Though there was an increase in overall units from 2000 to 2010 of 25.6%, the greatest increase came with the development of vacant units, which include the 23.5% “seasonal, recreational, or occasional use” (or 5,808 units).


6% 1%

7% 1%

77%

9% For Rent

Rented, Not Occupied

For Sale Only

Sold, Not Occupied

For Seasonal, Recreational,or Occasional UseAll Other Vacants

What accounted for Bonner County's vacancy rates in 2010?

UNIT STATUS 1980 %

1990 %

2000 %

2010 %

Owner Occupied 58.6% 51.3% 58.2% 51.7%

Renter Occupied 15.8% 16.4% 16.5% 17.6%

Vacant 25.6% 32.2% 25.2% 30.7%

TOTAL 100% 100% 100% 100%

(U.S. Census Bureau 1980) (U.S. Census Bureau 1990) (U.S. Census Bureau 2000) (U.S. Census Bureau 2012)

In comparison to the state and several other key counties (Ada, Boundary, Kootenai, and Valley), as indicated in the graph below, Bonner County has a lower percentage of owner-occupied units and higher percentage of vacant units than the state or four of the five other counties. The only exception is Valley County, which also is heavily influenced by its resort and recreational-centric economies, though smaller in size than Bonner County.

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

1980 1990 2000 2010

6,941

7,780

11,442

12,757

1,873

2,489

3,251

4,343 3,038

4,883

4,953

7,569

OwnerOccupied

RenterOccupied

Vacant

Bonner County Housing Unit Occupancy Status

(U.S. Census Bureau 2010) (U.S. Census Bureau 2000) (U.S. Census Bureau 1990) (U.S.


BONNER COUNTY CITIES -- OCCUPANCY In terms of Bonner County’s nine incorporated cities (Clark Fork, Dover, East Hope, Hope, Kootenai, Oldtown, Priest River, Ponderay, and Sandpoint), based on the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, four cities (Clark Fork, Kootenai, Ponderay and Priest River) have occupied housing unit rates of more than 90%. In contrast, three cities (East Hope, Hope and Oldtown) have vacancy housing rates of more than 30%, with the former two close to or more than 35%. (See the table below.)

In Dover, East Hope and Hope, more than 80% of the primary housing types are 1-unit, detached. Hope’s 1-unit detached is estimated at 100% of the housing types. Oldtown and Ponderay have much lower single household units, 47% and 27.1%, respectively. In the cities of Clark Fork, Kootenai, and Oldtown, more than 28% of their housing units are mobile homes, compared with the county’s 16.7%. More than 50% of Oldtown’s housing types are mobile homes, while more than 48% of Ponderay’s housing is multi-family structures containing more than 10 units.

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

60.6% 63.7%

51.7%

65.6% 60.7%

28.0% 26.1% 29.4%

17.6% 19.9% 25.1%

9.2% 13.2% 6.9%

30.7%

14.6% 14.2%

62.7%

Owner-occupied units

Renter-OccupiedunitsVacantHousing Units

Occupany Status Idaho and Selected Counties

2010 Census of Housing


HOUSING OCCUPANCY Clark Fork City

Dover City

East Hope City

Hope city

Kootenai City

Oldtown City

Ponderay City

Priest River City

Sandpoint City

Total housing units 365 322 188 60 361 137 581 816 3,732 Occupied housing units 86.0% 76.1% 64.4% 71.7% 97.2% 69.3% 95.5% 89.3% 88.3% Vacant housing units 14.0% 23.9% 35.6% 28.3% 2.8% 30.7% 4.5% 10.7% 11.7% Homeowner vacancy rate 0.0 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 Rental vacancy rate 0.0 0.0 15.2 0.0 4.0 0.0 2.7 8.9 3.3 UNITS IN STRUCTURE Total housing units 365 322 188 60 361 137 581 816 3,732 % % % % % % % % % 1-unit, detached 55.3% 81.1% 80.9% 100.0% 52.1% 47.4% 27.9% 72.5% 49.6% 1-unit, attached 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4.3% 0.9% 8.5% 2 units 3.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.8% 0.0% 2.1% 0.0% 5.9% 3 or 4 units 5.5% 8.7% 4.3% 0.0% 3.9% 3.6% 2.2% 4.2% 6.4% 5 to 9 units 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% 13.4% 5.5% 9.7% 10 to 19 units 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.0% 9.4% 0.0% 24.8% 0.0% 4.4% 20 or more units 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.2% 1.1% 11.0% Mobile home 34.5% 5.3% 13.3% 0.0% 28.5% 48.9% 19.8% 15.8% 4.2% Boat, RV, van, etc. 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% 0.3% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. DP04: Selected Housing Characteristics. http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_B25040&prodType=table

HOUSING CONDITIONS

AGE Close to 56% of the structures in Bonner County were built since 1980, and 76.3% were built since 1970. Over the last 45 years, the growth between the county’s housing construction (reflected in the age of structures) and population growth tend to indicate that the primary demand for new housing is a result of people moving into the county and not replacement of housing stock. The county’s population grew more than 162% from 1970 to 2010, with the greatest increase (55.29%) taking place from 1970 to 1980. A slowdown was experienced in the 1980s for both new structures (13%) and population (10.18%). Housing development increased again in the 1990s, as did the county’s population. Housing growth continued during the first decade of the new millennium, while the county’s population growth subsided. During the first half of the millennium’s second decade, the recession has impacted new housing starts in the county, especially given the recreational/resort nature of the local economy.

http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_B25040&prodType=table


On a statewide level, more than 56% of the structures in Idaho are 1980s era or newer, and close to 72% have been built over the last 45 years. The state’s population growth has seen similar growth to Bonner County, though generally until the last decade. (See an analysis of population trends for Bonner County and Idaho in the Bonner County Population Component of the Comprehensive Plan.)

0.75%

22.05%

18.98%

10.49%

19.54%

7.19%

7.36%

4.45% 9.20%

Built 2010 or later

Built 2000 to 2009

Built 1990 to 1999

Built 1980 to 1989

Built 1970 to 1979

Built 1960 to 1969

Built 1950 to 1959

Built 1940 to 1949

Built 1939 or earlier

Age of Idaho Structures (670,084 Total Housing Units)


0.29%

21.85%

21.03%

13.00%

20.13%

6.59%

5.61%

3.91% 7.59%

Built 2010 or later

Built 2000 to 2009

Built 1990 to 1999

Built 1980 to 1989

Built 1970 to 1979

Built 1960 to 1969

Built 1950 to 1959

Built 1940 to 1949

Built 1939 or earlier

Age of Bonner County Structures (24,490 Total Housing Units)



BONNER COUNTY CITIES – AGE OF STRUCTURES In terms of Bonner County’s nine incorporated cities (Clark Fork, Dover, East Hope, Hope, Kootenai, Oldtown, Priest River, Ponderay and Sandpoint), based on the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 50% or more of the structures in seven cities (Clark Fork, Dover, East Hope, Hope, Oldtown, Priest River, and Sandpoint) are more than 35 years old, with four cities (Clark Fork, East Hope, Oldtown and Priest River) having more than 63% of their housing older than three decades. Further, more than 43% of Hope’s structures were built before 1940 while, in contrast, Kootenai and Ponderay have more than 47% and 49%, respectively, built after 1999. In contrast, as a whole, 23.7% of the county’s housing stock was built prior to 1970, indicating the majority of newer housing is located in the county’s unincorporated areas.

YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT Clark Fork City

Dover City

East Hope City

Hope City

Kootenai City

Oldtown City

Ponderay City

Priest River City

Sandpoint City

Total housing units 365 322 188 60 361 137 581 816 3,732 Built 2010 or later 0.0% 2.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% Built 2000 to 2009 3.0% 28.6% 10.1% 21.7% 47.1% 8.0% 49.1% 8.3% 23.5% Built 1990 to 1999 4.1% 8.4% 8.5% 0.0% 15.8% 10.9% 18.9% 13.6% 13.3% Built 1980 to 1989 23.0% 4.7% 16.0% 21.7% 5.0% 17.5% 11.2% 12.1% 13.2% Built 1970 to 1979 23.0% 17.4% 31.4% 5.0% 16.9% 32.8% 7.1% 20.2% 17.7% Built 1960 to 1969 7.7% 6.5% 6.4% 6.7% 2.8% 2.2% 3.3% 6.5% 6.9% Built 1950 to 1959 7.7% 4.7% 10.1% 1.7% 5.3% 2.9% 6.2% 10.8% 4.7% Built 1940 to 1949 14.0% 13.4% 4.3% 0.0% 3.0% 9.5% 1.0% 14.0% 4.4% Built 1939 or earlier 17.5% 13.7% 13.3% 43.3% 4.2% 16.1% 2.8% 14.5% 16.3%

% Built Before 1980 69.9% 55.7% 65.5% 56.7% 32.2% 63.5% 20.4% 66.0% 50.0% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. DP04: Selected Housing Characteristics. http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_B2504

HOME HEATING SOURCES In Bonner County, wood (30.9%) and electricity (30.81%) are the two primary sources of home heating fuels, with the third being utility gas (22.04%). In contrast, Idaho as a whole is basically the reverse of Bonner County, with more than 51.25% of all Idaho households depending on utility gas for heating followed by electricity (32.64%), with wood being a distant third at 7.78%. (See charts and statistics in the Appendices for further discussion of home heating sources.)

http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_B2504


Bonner and Valley counties’ reliance on wood and electricity is very similar, with aggregate totals of 61.7% and 72.2%, respectively. Use of utility gas by Valley households is minimal at 0.6%. Similarly in Boundary County, because of the county’s rural nature, 33% of households use wood as one of two primary sources of heat with utility gas used only marginally more at 35.1%. The more populated counties of Ada and Kootenai rely heavily on utility gas, with the former over 75% and the latter over 52%; the secondary heating fuel in both counties is electricity.

In the 1990’s, Sandpoint was designated as a moderate PM-10 nonattainment area upon enactment of the Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990. To address the issue, Idaho submitted an attainment plan to EPA on August 16, 1996, as a moderate PM10 State Implementation Plan (SIP), which includes strategies needed to maintain attainment of the PM-10 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) by focusing on a comprehensive residential wood combustion program, controls on fugitive road dust and emission limitations on industrial sources (Environmental Protection Agency 2013).

Issues to consider with the greater reliance on wood fuel as a source of heating by households in a number of the county’s cities and rural areas are the potential health effects (e.g. asthma, emphysema, or other respiratory problems) of wood smoke and possible solutions to incentivize the use of alternative fuel sources and/or efficient wood stoves and/or boilers.

HOUSING TYPES Single-family dwellings, duplexes, multi-family housing, mobile homes, and recreational vehicles provide housing for both permanent and seasonal residents in Bonner County. The greatest percentage, historically and currently, of occupied housing units is the 1-unit (one household) dwellings, either attached or detached. The 1-unit detached structure provides approximately 70% of the housing, while attached units add another 1.3 to 2.3%. (The census defines “Unit, Detached” as a 1-unit structure detached from any other house, that is, with open space on all four sides. Such structures are considered detached even if they have an adjoining shed or garage. A one-family

Types Estimate % Estimate % Estimate % Estimate % Estimate % Estimate %579,797 151,600 17,388 4,144 55,679 3,519297,138 51.2% 114,524 75.5% 3,659 21.0% 1,453 35.1% 29,467 52.9% 21 0.6%29,667 5.1% 1,449 1.0% 2,216 12.7% 197 4.8% 2,058 3.7% 859 24.4%189,249 32.6% 32,062 21.1% 5,358 30.8% 1,053 25.4% 18,472 33.2% 1,397 39.7%11,752 2.0% 710 0.5% 573 3.3% 50 1.2% 460 0.8% 87 2.5%

495 0.1% 17 0.0% 8 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%45,092 7.8% 1,960 1.3% 5,373 30.9% 1,366 33.0% 4,691 8.4% 1,142 32.5%

203 0.0% 42 0.0% 13 0.1% 0 0.0% 30 0.1% 0 0.0%4,727 0.8% 452 0.3% 140 0.8% 16 0.4% 422 0.8% 13 0.4%1,474 0.3% 384 0.3% 48 0.3% 9 0.2% 79 0.1% 0 0.0%

U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. B25040House Heating Fuelhttp://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_B25040&prodType=table

Kootenai County Valley CountyIdaho Ada County

Solar energy Other fuel

Bonner County

Totals per Household:

Boundary County

No fuel used

Fuel oil, kerosene, etc. Coal or coke

Wood

Utility gas Bottled, tank, or LP gas

Electricity


house that contains a business is considered detached as long as the building has open space on all four sides. Mobile homes to which one or more permanent rooms have been added or built also are included. The census defines “Attached” as a structure that has one or more walls extending from ground to roof separating it from adjoining structures. In row or town houses, double houses, or houses attached to nonresidential structures, each house is a separate, attached structure if the dividing or common wall goes from ground to roof) (American Community Survey 2013).

Since 1990, Bonner County has seen a slow but steady increase in multi-family units as a portion of total occupied units. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimate, multi-family housing units that are part of a housing structure consisting of two units or more equal 10.3% of occupied units; those that are part of five units or more within a structure are 6.6%.

Inversely, mobile home units, boats, RV, van, etc. are slowly deceasing in number as a percentage of total occupied housing units from 19.6% in 1990 and 2000 to 17.7% in the Census 2009-2013 Estimate.

Bonner County Types of Structures Based on Total Housing Units

Census 1990 Census 2000 Census 2009-2013 Estimates

Based on Total Housing Units

% Based on Total Housing Units

% Based on Total Housing Units

%

Total occupied housing units 15,152 100.0% 19,646 100.0% 17,388 100.0% 1-unit, detached 10,705 70.7% 13,711 69.8% 12,107 69.6% 1-unit, attached 203 1.3% 248 1.3% 395 2.3%

2 units 232 1.5% 432 2.2% 328 1.9% 3 or 4 units 313 2.1% 443 2.3% 315 1.8% 5 to 9 units 296 2.0% 338 1.7% 413 2.4%

10 to 19 units 184 1.2% 238 1.2% 320 1.8% 20 or more units 215 1.4% 386 2.0% 422 2.4%

Mobile home 2,672 17.6% 3,600 18.3% 2,908 16.7% Boat, RV, van, etc. 305 2.0% 250 1.3% 180 1.0%

(U.S. Census Bureau 2014); 2000 Summary Sheet_All 5 Counties_Housing_Demo Data.xls; 1990 General housing characteristics

In comparison to Bonner County’s 71.9%, roughly 77% of Idaho occupied residences are 1-unit dwellings, whether attached or detached, based on the US Census 2009 – 2013 5-Year Estimates, as illustrated in the pie chart below. Close to 9% of Idaho residents live in mobile homes, whereas more than 16.7% of county residents do. (Note: The US Census Bureau uses the HUD standards to define “mobile” or “manufactured” home as 8 feet or wider and 40 feet or longer, designed to be towed on its own chassis, with transportation gear integral to the unit when it leaves the factory, and without the need of a permanent foundation) (U.S. Census Bureau 2012).


HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS Bonner County in many ways parallels Idaho’s household characteristics. Both County and statewide, more than two-thirds of the households are defined as “Family households,” per the footnote in the table below. Bonner County’s average household size and family size are slightly smaller, though, than the State’s averages. For both entities, 55.3% of all households include a husband and wife.

Bonner County has a greater percentage of people living in a “Nonfamily household” or alone than statewide by 1.8 – 2.2%. A slightly higher percentage exists for of all males living alone in Bonner County than in the state, 13.3 to 11.1, respectively. A smaller difference exists within the males-over-65 subset between County (3.7%) and State (2.7%). Bonner County mirrors the statewide percentages of all females and females-over-65 households. With both entities, 12.7% of all households for County or State are females living alone and 6.1% of total households are women over 65 living alone. Combined – those living alone and with other people in a household, close to 30% of Bonner County households include people over 65 compared to 23.9% statewide. In contrast, Bonner County has 8.5% fewer individuals under 18 years old in the County than statewide, 27.2 to 35.7, respectively.

73.8%

3.1%

2.5% 4.3%

2.6%

1.8% 3.0% 8.8%

0.2%

1-unit, detached

1-unit, attached

2 units

3 or 4 units

5 to 9 units

10 to 19 units

20 or more units

Mobile home

Boat, RV, van, etc.

Percentage of Dwelling Types Idaho - 2009-2013 Census Estimates

(579,797 Total Housing Units)


HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE Idaho Bonner County

Number Percent Number Percent Total households 579,408 100.0 17,100 100.0

Family households (families) * 403,144 69.6 11,591 67.8 With own children under 18 years 189,730 32.7 4,187 24.5

Husband-wife family 320,390 55.3 9,448 55.3

With own children under 18 years 139,314 24.0 2,897 16.9 Male householder, no wife present 27,085 4.7 784 4.6 With own children under 18 years 16,066 2.8 475 2.8

Female householder, no husband present 55,669 9.6 1,359 7.9 With own children under 18 years 34,350 5.9 815 4.8

Nonfamily households [7] 176,264 30.4 5,509 32.2 Householder living alone 137,785 23.8 4,442 26.0

Male 64,386 11.1 2,266 13.3 65 years and over 15,816 2.7 641 3.7

Female 73,399 12.7 2,176 12.7 65 years and over 35,409 6.1 1,050 6.1

Households with individuals under 18 years 206,627 35.7 4,652 27.2

Households with individuals 65 years and over 138,457 23.9 4,986 29.2

Average household size 2.66 ( X ) 2.37 ( X ) Average family size [7] 3.16 ( X ) 2.82 ( X )

* "Family households" consist of a householder and one or more other people related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption. They do not include same-sex married couples even if the marriage was performed in a state issuing marriage certificates for same-sex couples. Same-sex couple households are included in the family households category if there is at least one additional person related to the householder by birth or adoption. Same-sex couple households with no relatives of the householder present are tabulated in nonfamily households. "Nonfamily households" consist of people living alone and households which do not have any members related to the householder. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2010 - DP-1-Geography; http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml.

http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml


HOUSING DENSITY & DISTRIBUTION Bonner County is largely a rural county, with 72.4% of the population living outside of urban areas. The county’s average housing unit density is 14.2 units to the square mile of land, compared to the more populated Kootenai County’s density of 50.8 units to the square mile. Statewide, the average housing density is 8.1 units per square mile. City average densities show Sandpoint with 947; Dover, 101.6; Ponderay, 214.5; Kootenai, 516.4; East Hope, 452.5; Hope, 125.5; Clark Fork, 334.8; Oldtown, 132.9; and Priest River, 216.3 (U.S. Census Bureau 2012).

There are 47,081 parcels of land in Bonner County. In 2014, the county listed 12,407 homeowner exemptions on file. The county records show 5,083 residential units are located within incorporated city limits. County records show a higher number of mobile homes (4,409) than the latest U.S. Census estimates. There are a total of 3,484 ag/timber exemptions in Bonner County (Bonner County Assessor's Office 2015).

About 40% of Bonner County’s land base is privately owned, while the remainder is federal (44.4%); state (15.2%) and municipalities (1%). A housing distribution map is provided in the appendices of this component.

HOUSING COSTS & VALUES From the 2000 U.S. Census data to the 2009-2013 U.S. Census Estimates, Bonner County’s median home value jumped 78.5% from $124,500 to $222,200. Comparatively, Valley County’s median home value increased by 56.7% from $141,200 to $221,200 and the state as a whole increased by 52.5% from $106,300 to $162,100. Though Bonner County’s 2009-2013 median home value is only $1,000 more than Valley’s, it is more than $60,000 above the state’s median (U.S. Census Bureau 2014).


As of the 2009-2013 estimates, out of the 17,388 occupied housing units identified in Bonner County, 73.1% of them (12,709 units), are owner-occupied. Of those owner-occupied, 55.7% of units have a median value equal to or above $200,000.

The majority of owner-occupied housing units exist outside of Bonner County’s cities. Out of the nine cities, only three (Priest River, Dover, and Kootenai) have more than 50% of their housing units owned by those occupying them ---65.6, 56.2, and 50.7%, respectively, whereas Ponderay and Oldtown have less than 35%. The owner-occupied percentages of the remaining cities fall between 43.1% and 48.2%.

The majority of higher valued, owner-occupied housing units are located out in the county versus in the cities. Only in the cities of Dover and Hope is the majority of housing units valued at or more than $200,000 – in Dover, 69.6% and Hope, 74%. In Priest River, more than 86% of the city’s owner-occupied homes, which is 65.6% of all homes in the community, are valued under $200,000. Similarly, more than 80% of the owner-occupied homes in Clark Fork and Oldtown are less than $200,000, though owner-occupied housing units in both cities are less than 50%.

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

Idaho AdaCounty

BonnerCounty

BoundaryCounty

KootenaiCounty

ValleyCounty

106,

300

124,

700

124,

500

96,9

00

120,

100

141,

200

162,

100

183,

600

222,

200

174,

300

188,

800

221,

200

Median Home Value Idaho and Selected Counties

2000 Census vs 2009-2013 Census Estimates

2000

2009-2013CensusEstimates

(U.S. Census Bureau 2000) and (U.S. Census Bureau n.d.)

HOUSING UNITS Bonner County

Clark Fork City

Dover City

East Hope City

Hope City

Kootenai City

Oldtown City

Ponderay City

Priest River City

Sandpoint City

Total housing units 17,388 365 322 188 60 361 137 581 816 3,732

Owner-occupied units 12,709 176 181 87 27 183 46 199 535 1,607

% of Owner-occupied 73.1% 48.2% 56.2% 46.3% 45.0% 50.7% 33.6% 34.3% 65.6% 43.1%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.


HOUSING VALUE Bonner County

Clark Fork City

Dover City

East Hope City

Hope City

Kootenai City

Oldtown City

Ponderay City

Priest River City

Sandpoint City

Owner-occupied units 12,709 176 181 87 27 183 46 199 535 1,607

Less than $50,000 4.6% 12.5% 0.0% 5.7% 0.0% 5.5% 19.6% 12.6% 9.3% 1.8%

$50,000 to $99,999 8.4% 17.6% 1.1% 8.0% 3.7% 6.6% 28.3% 17.6% 24.7% 7.3%

$100,000 to $149,999 15.8% 28.4% 15.5% 8.0% 14.8% 36.1% 32.6% 28.1% 27.9% 20.0%

$150,000 to $199,999 15.3% 27.3% 13.8% 29.9% 7.4% 23.5% 0.0% 17.1% 24.1% 22.5%

$200,000 to $299,999 25.8% 8.5% 29.8% 21.8% 44.4% 22.4% 15.2% 12.6% 8.4% 35.9%

$300,000 to $499,999 19.7% 4.0% 28.2% 16.1% 22.2% 4.4% 4.3% 4.0% 0.0% 10.7%

$500,000 to $999,999 8.0% 1.7% 8.3% 4.6% 7.4% 0.0% 0.0% 5.5% 4.1% 1.7%

$1,000,000 or more 2.2% 0.0% 3.3% 5.7% 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% 2.5% 1.5% 0.0%

Total % equal to or above $200,000 55.7% 14.2% 69.6% 48.2% 74.0% 28.4% 19.5% 24.6% 14.0% 48.3%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. DP04: Selected Housing Characteristics; http://factfinder2.census.gov/.

HOMEOWNER AND RENT COSTS AS PERCENTAGE OF INCOME In Bonner County, 50.6% of home owners (excluding those without mortgages) spend 30% or more of their income on home owner costs with a total of 41% spending 35% or more on homeowner costs. Similarly, 50.1% of renters in the county spend 30% or more of their income on rent with 40.7% of renters spending 35% or more.

In both Priest River and Sandpoint, more than 40% of those owning their own homes, pay monthly costs related to housing, including mortgage, of 35% or more with East Hope, Kootenai and Ponderay having 37.5 to 38.1% of home owners paying more than 35%.

In Clark Fork, over 71% of the city’s renters pay 35% or more of their income to rent. The small number of renters in Hope (16 housing units) pay 35% or more of their income to rent. In Sandpoint, Kootenai, Ponderay, and Priest River, for 44.9 to 41.9% of the renters, household rent is equivalent to 35% or more of their income. In Oldtown, two thirds of households renting, pay less than 30%.


Selection Bonner County

Clark Fork City

Dover City

East Hope City

Hope City

Kootenai City

Oldtown City

Ponderay City

Priest River City

Sandpoint City

SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS AS A PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME (SMOCAPI) Housing units with a mortgage (excluding units where SMOCAPI cannot be computed) 7,598 91 121 42 16 139 27 96 323 1,055

Less than 20.0 % 27.7% 27.5% 57.9% 23.8% 56.3% 26.6% 51.9% 21.9% 25.7% 33.3% 20.0 to 24.9 % 11.1% 26.4% 11.6% 7.1% 0.0% 1.4% 0.0% 15.6% 6.2% 9.9% 25.0 to 29.9 % 10.6% 5.5% 12.4% 26.2% 12.5% 17.3% 14.8% 12.5% 16.1% 7.4% 30.0 to 34.9 % 9.6% 13.2% 3.3% 4.8% 0.0% 16.5% 7.4% 12.5% 9.9% 9.4%

35.0 % or more 41.0% 27.5% 14.9% 38.1% 31.3% 38.1% 25.9% 37.5% 42.1% 40.1% GROSS RENT AS A PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME (GRAPI) Occupied units paying rent (excluding units where GRAPI cannot be computed) 4,268 138 61 27 16 160 42 356 186 1,642

Less than 15.0 % 13.3% 0.0% 36.1% 29.6% 0.0% 21.9% 0.0% 12.6% 13.4% 11.2% 15.0 to 19.9 % 12.3% 5.8% 11.5% 14.8% 0.0% 8.1% 7.1% 12.9% 7.0% 8.8% 20.0 to 24.9 % 15.0% 11.6% 21.3% 25.9% 0.0% 6.9% 19.0% 12.9% 12.9% 15.2% 25.0 to 29.9 % 9.3% 10.9% 14.8% 0.0% 0.0% 5.0% 40.5% 10.4% 18.8% 11.9% 30.0 to 34.9 % 9.4% 0.0% 4.9% 7.4% 0.0% 15.0% 16.7% 8.7% 5.9% 7.9%

35.0 % or more 40.7% 71.7% 11.5% 22.2% 100% 43.1% 16.7% 42.4% 41.9% 44.9% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. DP04: Selected Housing Characteristics; http://factfinder2.census.gov/.

HOUSING NEEDS BBC Research & Consulting completed an assessment of housing needs in Bonner County for Bonner County and the cities of Dover, Kootenai, Ponderay, Sandpoint, and Priest River. Although the final report was completed in the spring of 2007, prior to the 2010 census, the findings paint a good picture of the housing issues that are still relevant in the county, when viewed against recent census data. The housing needs assessment top finds are:

• Rapid increases in housing prices due to population growth and second home buyers has made it “difficult” for employers and employees to find adequate housing.

• Half of the full-time resident households in Bonner County are considered to be low-income by industry standards. (This meant half of the households earned less than $35,000 a year. The 2010 Census revealed the median household income in the county was $41,414. The latest census saw little change in the number of persons living in poverty between 2000 and 2010 (Bonner County 2013)). The BBC report found the private rental market inadequate to serve these needs, and 45% of county workers surveyed reported rent was a “significant part of their monthly expenses.”

• In 2005, only 15% of the homes for sale were in a price range affordable to the moderate-income families.


• Between 11% and 14% of households in Bonner County have someone living with them who cannot afford to rent housing on their own.

• Commute times currently are not long, but if housing prices continue to climb and wages do not, workers may need to commute from farther away.

• A majority of employers surveyed (85%) said home prices have negatively affected employee recruiting efforts (BBC Research & Consulting 2007).

The needs assessment examined zoning and land use barriers to housing for the lower-income residents and the workforce for the cities and county. The assessment noted the need for smaller lot sizes, cluster developments, density bonuses and incentives to developers for affordable housing projects. Neither the city of Sandpoint, nor the county have land use codes that facilitate greater density, the report stated. The report was completed while Bonner County was working on its land use code reform. The assessment acknowledged Bonner County’s efforts to create cottage housing and other cluster development opportunities, but encouraged the county to create density bonuses tied to affordable housing options. The report, however, did acknowledge the challenges to small-lot development in the county, including desires to keep a “rural character,” lack of public sewers; extensive public land ownership, and private lands that are steep, flooded or within wetlands. (BBC Research & Consulting 2007). Bonner County adopted its zoning code reforms in December of 2008.

The housing assessment recommended seven actions:

1. Engage in regional planning efforts with the cities and Bonner County by creating a regional planning task force to better coordinate development efforts. Workforce housing unit targets should be created in each community and countywide to address current and future housing needs.

2. Inventory and identify land parcels appropriate for affordable housing development. 3. Create a workforce housing village. 4. Change and update zoning. Reforms should better accommodate development of affordable

housing. 5. Extend public water and sewer systems. The lack of such systems is a major barrier to affordable

housing development. 6. Implement employer assisted or sponsored housing opportunities. Common tools for this action

include donation of land, contributions toward development costs, housing trusts, and making employees aware of housing programs.

7. Educate the public. The community needs to be aware of workforce housing needs and the regional economy (BBC Research & Consulting 2007).


HOUSING PROGRAMS In Bonner County, four categories of assisted housing are provided (Idaho Housing and Finance Association 2014):

• Affordable, which offers fixed below-market rents; • Subsidized, where sliding-scale rents are tied to tenant income; • Emergency Shelter, for acute and immediate homelessness prevention; and • Transitional Housing, to bridge the gap between homelessness and more stable housing.

Types of affordable and subsidized housing include: 1) Section 8 Tenant-based assistance; 2) Sliding-scale project-based assistance, for tenants on very low or fixed income; 3) Affordable rental housing/Section 42 (Tax Credit) or HOME developments, where rents are fixed and affordable to households at 30%, 50%, or 60% of Area Median Income.

Together, the cities of Clark Fork, Priest River, Sandpoint, and Ponderay provide a total of 415 family units and 163 elderly units of affordable and/or subsidized housing –with unit sizes of one, two, and three bedrooms. There are 25 units that are considered “accessible” – with modified counter /outlet heights and bath. In addition, Priest River and Sandpoint provide transitional housing for women and children, or families with children; and emergency shelter for families and single men.


Bonner County Assisted Housing Provisions Housing Assistance Unit Type Unit Size Affordable & Subsidized Family Elderly Accessible Studio 1-BR 2-BR 3-BR 4-BR

Sliding-scale Project-based Assistance Clark Fork 16 X

Priest River 24 1 X X X Priest River 12 X X Priest River 9 X

Sandpoint 234 12 X X X Sandpoint 48 2 X X

Total 270 73 15 X X X HOME/Tax Credit (Section 42)

Ponderay 45 X X X Ponderay 39 2 X X

Sandpoint 60 3 X X X Sandpoint 40 2 X X Sandpoint 51 3 X X

Total 145 90 10 X X X Total Affordable & Subsidized 415 163 25

Transitional Housing

Priest River Women & Children/Up to 2 families at a time, up to a year. Sandpoint 10 (Families with children)

Trestle Creek 8 units/16 beds (Families w/ children, women) Emergency Shelters

Priest River One family at a time, up to a week. Sandpoint 24 beds (Single males)

(Idaho Housing and Finance Association 2014)


HABITAT FOR HUMANITY To address housing needs for low- to moderate-income individuals in the community, local residents formed an affiliate of the international “Habitat for Humanity” in Bonner County in 1991. Local contractor Mike Schissler founded Idaho Panhandle Habitat for Humanity (IPHFH) because he saw a need for adequate, affordable housing in his local community after working on a Mexico housing mission.

Habitat for Humanity houses are built with the “sweat equity” of the future homeowner, the help of local volunteers and the donations of private individuals, professionals and suppliers. The houses are sold at no-profit and with a no-interest mortgage to low- to moderate-income individuals. The future homeowner must have the ability to meet a monthly mortgage but must also have income less than 130% of the federal poverty level. Windfall gains are protected by a second deed of trust (Harvill, Idaho Panhandle Habitat for Humanity, Board President 2015)

With the donation of labor, professional services, and other private donations, monthly mortgages payments average around $350, plus taxes and insurance. In addition, IPHFH maintains a first right of refusal, giving the organization the opportunity to keep IPHFH homes available for subsequent purchasers (Harvill, Idaho Panhandle Habitat for Humanity, Board President 2015).

The non-denominational, faith-based organization has built 16 homes in Bonner County as of 2014. The program has a goal of constructing one to two homes per year. IPHFH is working on a home within its 15-lot housing development in the City of Kootenai, which provides future affordable home sites. The services of local professionals, such as engineers, surveyors and real estate agents, have been donated to the community housing project. In addition to Schissler Meadows, IPHFH owns 7 acres north of Sandpoint for future development needs. Habitat homes have also been built in southwestern Bonner County and within the city limits of Sandpoint. The IPHH group operates a ReStore in Sandpoint, where new or used home improvement materials and appliances are sold to help fund Habitat housing (Harvill, Idaho Panhandle Habitat for Humanity, Board President 2011) and (Harvill, Idaho Panhandle Habitat for Humanity, Board President 2015).


Property development is the most expensive aspect of the housing project, according to Habitat officials. Costs for sewer, water, road work or other infrastructure improvements must be paid “up front” because the program does not borrow money for these development expenses. Development costs coupled with land values are an affordability challenge throughout the county. “Homeownership at the poverty level in Bonner County is extremely difficult because of the cost of ‘dirt,’” according to IPHFH Board President Tom Harvill. The local Habitat group aims to build one house per year though its volunteer and “sweat equity” program. To accomplish its goals, Habitat needs to generate funds and “generate density” to make housing affordable (Harvill, Idaho Panhandle Habitat for Humanity, Board President 2015).

BONNER COMMUNITY HOUSING AGENCY Following an affordable housing summit conducted in 2007 at Schweitzer, several community leaders formed the Bonner Community Housing Agency (BCHA) to address housing needs and, in particular, workforce housing. The county was seeing increases in secondary and speculative home construction and rising land and home prices from 2004 to 2007. The housing summit and these statistics motivated the group to found BCHA. The non-profit agency aims to assist local employers in finding affordable housing for their employees. BCHA is now affiliated with Idaho Housing and Finance Association. Among the projects BCHA offers is a class called Finally Home! that walks prospective homeowners thorough the house-buying process. The agency’s current projects are the construction of four homes through the HUD “HOME” affordable housing program. Future plans include purchasing short sale or foreclosure homes to rehabilitate and sell to qualified families. The agency’s long-term goal is to develop a community land trust, where homes could be developed on land owned by a non-profit corporation that would serve as a steward of the land, while the homes are owned individually. “Land is the most expensive thing we have here,” said BCHA Executive Director Chris Bassett, “so if you can remove that from the equation...” While Bonner County has some pluses in that workers do not commute long distance to work and the area has a good manufacturing base, the community’s top issue is “quality of employment,” Bassett said. The effect of second-home buyers on the local market is also a big challenge. First-time home buyers are competing “head to head” with vacation home hunters who are looking for great property deals and are able to purchase with cash, he said (Bassett 2015).

HOMELESSNESS IN BONNER COUNTY Idaho’s Five-Year Strategic Plan for Housing and Community Development lists transitional housing for homeless individuals and families as an imminent housing need (Idaho Housing and Finance Association, Idaho Department of Commerce 2010).

Idaho’s homeless assistance network conducts annual counts, known as Point-In-Time counts, to give the state a more accurate understanding of the number of persons without homes. The January 29, 2014 count revealed 2,104 men, women and children were homeless in Idaho. The 2015 count identified 1,966 homeless people, which represented a 6.5% decrease from the previous year. Bonner, Boundary, Kootenai, Shoshone, Benewah form Region 1 of the seven regions statewide. Region 1 reported the second highest number of homeless, with 522 persons or 24.81% of the homeless total in 2014. By 2015, the number dropped to 429, representing 21.8% of the state total. Region 7, consisting of only Ada County, had the highest percentage of homeless, at 755, or 38.4% of the total. Those living in emergency shelters,


transitional housing, parks, encampments, warming centers or other such sites are considered homeless. The homelessness count rose 18% over the previous year’s totals, but the recent counts are lower than the 2,346 reported in 2010 (Idaho Housing and Finance Association 2014) (Idaho Housing and Finance Association 2015).

The level of homelessness in Bonner County was sufficient enough to give rise to the Bonner County Homeless Task Force in 1991. The private, non-profit organization, also known as Transitions in Progress (T.I.P.S.), opened its first shelter, the Blue Haven in Sandpoint, in 1994. A second homeless center opened at Trestle Creek several years later. The task force mission is to “help homeless families and victims of domestic violence develop self-sufficiency and improve the quality of their lives” (Transitions in Progress 2015).

“Homelessness is a national problem. Homelessness is not unique to Bonner County,” said Tamie Martinsen, Supportive Housing Manager for the Bonner County Homeless Task Force. Homelessness in rural settings is often more challenging because of fewer jobs and fewer resources, she said. Wages often don’t match up to the costs of housing, and jobs are often not full-time, she noted. Bonner County has the good fortune of strong private community support, she added, which is a rarity (Martinsen 2015). Help for the homeless comes in many forms from churches, community organizations and individuals, who provide meals, gas vouchers, motel rooms, warming shelters, and resources assistance.

Trestle Creek and Blue Haven shelters in Bonner County track the number of persons staying at shelters. During the period from 2004 to 2014, the number of total number of beds occupied or “bed nights” went from 12,644 in 2004, to a high of 19,638 bed nights in 2009 during the depths of the Recession. In 2014, the total number of bed nights was 16,228. A recent TIPS’ survey of homeless and imminently homeless people in its care revealed 56% were homeless because they could not find affordable housing. Other top reasons for being homeless were mental or physical disabilities, evictions due to failure to pay rent, unemployment, substance abuse, and domestic violence (Martinsen 2015).

Priest River Ministries – Advocates for Women, formed in 2002 to address housing needs of women and children in crisis. The faith-based ministry opened Ruth’s House, a single-family shelter, in 2009 for short-term shelter and later added Ester’s House, a longer-term shelter for women and children in crisis due to domestic violence. The ministry also provides motel room shelter occasionally when situations arise. The group serves Bonner County, northern Kootenai County, and western Montana. During 2014, the advocate group sheltered 201 people. Poverty and substance abuse are leading causes of homelessness (Encinas 2015).

Bonner Gospel Mission in Ponderay provides shelter to homeless men. The faith-based program is supported by several area churches and volunteers. The mission offers 24 beds as emergency shelter for men.


HOUSING AFFORDABILITY Housing costs are the single-largest expenditure any American family makes. In Bonner County, 49% of homeowners with mortgages and 48% of renters spent 30% or more of household income on housing (U.S. Census Bureau 2012). These costs exceed what the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) considers “affordable.”

The University of Idaho adapted a nationally recognized Texas Housing Affordability Index to analyze housing costs in Idaho’s 44 counties. Although UI published the 2008 report before the 2010 census figures were available, the report reveals telling details of housing affordability in Bonner County. This analysis can be viewed against the newest census data on income and housing costs. Most striking is the fact that Bonner County remained at the top of the charts as having the least affordable housing in all of Idaho for three decades of study. Bonner County was third, behind Blaine (Hailey) and Madison County (Rexburg) in 1979-1980; fourth behind Blaine, Madison and Valley (Cascade) counties for 1989-1990; and again third behind Blaine and Valley counties in 2000. The affordability index used a rating of 1.0 as meaning the median household income equals the income required by conventional lenders for a family to purchase the median-priced home. Less than 1.0 means insufficient to qualify for a median-priced loan and greater than 1.0 means more than enough to qualify. Bonner County’s index revealed housing was 0.72 in the 1970s; 1.08 in the 1980s; and 0.97 in 2000, from unaffordable to barely unaffordable and back to unaffordable (University of Idaho 2008).

The UI study found most of Idaho had reasonably priced homes during the 20 years reviewed. Communities with resort and prime recreational attractions experienced the steepest climbs in home values. In some counties, the sharp rises in home values paired nicely with rises in median income, such as Blaine and Teton (Driggs) counties. Others did not fair was well. Bonner County showed a modest 16.6% increase in median income between 1980 and 2000, but saw a 28.7% increase in median housing value over the same period. The climb in the median housing value was the highest in the northern 10 counties. In comparison with the 44 counties, Bonner County housing price increases ranked seventh fastest


growing in the state over the study period, while the income growth ranked 26th (University of Idaho 2008).

“As the gap between wages and housing prices in many Idaho communities has widened, the problem of affordable housing has begun to affect middle-income residents, leaving only the highest income households able to afford available housing” (University of Idaho 2008).

Bonner County earned a “D” on a fairly recent report card on affordable housing in the Rocky Mountain West. The poor grade reflex this community’s fair market rent compared with what is affordable at the renter median income. The difference between the affordable rent and the fair market rent was -$36 for Bonner County. Those who earned an “A” turned in a positive $300 to $500 in this 2008 study. Kootenai County was awarded a “C,” with a positive $60 difference between fair market and affordable rent. High housing appreciation rates and an influx of population into the communities of the Rockies pose affordable housing challenges. This region also receives proportionally fewer federal dollars for affordable housing, compared to other regions (Rogers 2008).

PROVISIONS FOR SAFE, SANITARY, AND ADEQUATE HOUSING

BUILDING REGULATIONS In unincorporated Bonner County, construction is subject to the building regulations of Title 11 of Bonner County Revised Code. The “building location permit” is required prior to the construction of any structure, with certain exceptions and exemptions established by code. The county does not enforce or review construction for compliance with international building codes. The building location permit examines compliance with zoning codes, assures access permits are obtained from the proper local, state, federal agencies and verifies sewage disposal systems are properly permitted and installed. The permit system also confirms:

• Fire district sign-offs for commercial, public, industrial, and multi-family structures; • Rural addressing so that police, fire, and emergency personnel can locate a structure in the event

of an emergency; • Location within special flood hazard areas or wetlands; • Stormwater/erosion control measures for sites on steep slopes or near water bodies; • Compliance with Housing and Urban Development (HUD) standards for pre-June 15, 1976 mobile

homes to ensure these homes meet the Idaho mobile home rehabilitation act by ensuring placement of smoke detectors, egress windows and doors, and adequate plumbing, electrical systems, and gas piping.

Since January of 1997, Bonner County has not had a building department and has not enforced uniform building or fire codes. Ordinance #298 repealed building code ordinances and eliminated the Bonner County Department of Building and Safety. (The Board in May of 1997 adopted replacement Ordinance #328 to correct deficiencies in Ordinance #298. Several successive amendments to the building regulations added agency reviews for sewer, fire, and access.) Landowners and lenders can seek construction oversight to ensure structures are built to uniform standards through private inspectors, but the service is


no longer available through the county, nor has the county opted to have the state perform inspections as authorized by the Idaho Code.

FLOODPLAIN STANDARDS Bonner County joined the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) in 1984 and set standards for development within special flood hazard areas. The county adopted flood hazard maps and studies in 1984 and 1987 to accompany standards aimed at reducing public and private losses due to flood conditions. The State of Idaho has established a policy to encourage communities to manage development in the floodplain (Idaho Code §46-1020). In addition to the minimum standards of federal code for floodplain development, Bonner County has additional higher standards requiring elevation and floodproofing 1 foot above base flood and prohibiting most construction within the floodway.

There are an estimated 23,600 acres of land within the special flood hazard area of Bonner County, exclusive of water bodies. About 3,000 structures have been built within the floodplain, and there are about 250 flood insurance policy holders in the county, representing about $55 million of insured value.

FIRE SAFETY Bonner County logged 1,539 fires in a 20-year span that consumed 9,566 acres. Wildfires occur annually, and the probability of future fires is listed as “common” in the Bonner County All-Hazards Mitigation Plan. “As Bonner County grows and more home construction occurs in the WUI (Wildland/Urban Interface), the potential for fire starts increases” (Bonner County Department of Emergency Management, Tetra Tech 2010).

The forested settings of the county are attracting more and more people to the Wildland/Urban Interface. Headwaters Economics developed a series of maps and graphs to show the potential severity for fires within the WUI, taking into account proximity of home site development to fire-prone public lands. One in five homes in the WUI is a second home or cabin, compared with one in 25 on private western lands

elsewhere. Bonner County has that mix of a comparatively high percentage of second homes and a majority of its land base in public ownership. Headwaters Economics listed Bonner County fourth in the top 25 western counties for existing wildland fire risks. No other Idaho county made that list. The county also made the top 25 for potential wildland fire risk, along with Idaho, Clearwater, and Shoshone counties in Idaho (Headwaters Economics 2007).

To address some of the risks, Bonner County requires all subdivision applicants to provide a fire risk assessment and to develop a defensible space fire plan. Fire and

emergency access are required to be shown on the plats, and fire prevention features such as hydrants, fire flow holding tanks, stand pipes or other measures specified by the fire district are required at the time of platting or site development, depending on varying situations.


FAIR HOUSING COMPLIANCE The Fair Housing Act, or Title VIII of the 1968 Civil Rights Act, as amended, prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental or financing of dwellings based upon race, national origin, sex, color, religion, disability, or familial status. (Idaho law does not include familial status as a protected class, but federal laws do.) Any recipient of federal funds related to housing and urban development must document compliance with fair housing requirements (Fair Housing Forum n.d.).

Land use regulations or policies, though unintentional, may impact fair housing by creating barriers or reducing access to housing. Examples might include prohibiting group homes for the elderly or handicapped or limiting affordable housing options. Adequate work force housing is important for both employees and employers. Strategies outlined in the Fair Housing Forum offer the following considerations for local governments to remove fair housing impediments. Shown in italics below is a summary of current Bonner County regulations as they relate to the Fair Housing analysis.

• Small lots. At least one zoning district should allow for small lots for single-family, detached homes. While appropriate lot sizes vary from community to community, lots of 3,000 to 6,000 square feet would be appropriate for urban areas. (Bonner County offers a minimum 10,000 square foot lot size minimum in several zoning districts, where all urban services are available. Smaller lots can be created through the planned unit development, cottage housing, or within the commercial district. Lack of available public water and sewer systems affects the county’s ability to provide smaller lot sizes. The county is further constrained by poor soil types for septic/drainfield systems. Of the 64 soil units inventoried in Bonner County, only three are rated favorable for subsurface sewage disposal units (Bonner County 2005).)

• Multi-family parcels. At least one zoning district should allow for the construction of multi-family housing. In rural counties, these multi-family lots may be close to incorporated or urbanized areas. Lack of multi-family housing options is listed as a leading cause of increased housing costs. (Current county codes conditionally permit multi-family housing in five different zoning districts.)

• Manufactured homes. Manufactured housing meeting Housing & Urban Development (HUD) safety standards should be allowed somewhere in the jurisdiction. Allowing them in mobile home parks is a common practice, but at least one residential zone should permit manufactured homes. (Bonner County’s building regulations require manufactured homes to meet HUD safety requirements. Mobile/manufactured homes are permitted wherever single-family residential development is permitted.)

• Minimum house sizes. Zoning and subdivision regulations should not establish minimum house or dwelling unit sizes, beyond those established in building codes. Minimum sizes drive up the cost of building construction. (There are no size minimums in Bonner County land use codes.)


• Group housing. Zoning codes should clarify that groups protected by the Fair Housing Act, as amended, are treated as “residential uses,” and group homes should be allowed in at least one zoning district. (Idaho Code has established protections for such group homes at §67-6530 through §67-6532, by providing that the elderly or disabled have the right to live in normal, residential surroundings. Group homes of eight or fewer are to be treated similar to single-family dwellings with respect to zoning permits. In Bonner County, additional provisions are made for group homes for to 16 residents in seven different zoning districts.)

• Accessory dwelling unit. Codes should allow accessory dwelling units (ADUs) in at least one zoning district, as an additional dwelling unit within an existing home or accessory structure or as a stand-alone. (Bonner County added accessory dwelling units (ADUs) to its zoning code in 2008. The maximum 900 square foot, two-bedroom unit may be a stand-alone home or attached to the primary dwelling unit or accessory structure such as a garage.)

• Mixed uses. To promote affordability, housing should be allowed near businesses that employ workers. Zoning codes should allow residential units in at least one commercial zone or should map some land for multi-family development in close proximity to commercial districts. (Residential dwellings are allowed within the commercial and rural service centers in Bonner County. Multi-family housing is also an option through the conditional use permit process in commercial, rural service center, recreation, alpine village, and suburban districts.)

• Lower parking standards. The standard two parking spaces per dwelling unit should be re-examined for group and multi-family housing, special needs housing or lower income units. (Bonner County uses the two parking stalls per housing unit for single-family dwellings, but varies the spaces required for multi-family housing and group housing based upon bedrooms and occupancy. Parking for cottage housing is reduced to 1½ spaces per dwelling unit.)

• Flexibility on non-conforming structures. In some communities, non-conforming structures destroyed by fire or other natural means cannot be reconstructed. Some jurisdictions are now exempting affordable housing from this rule so that affordable units are not lost in the wake of disasters, such as floods or fire. (Bonner County already permits the reconstruction of non-conforming structures, provided the new construction does not increase the non-conformity and the restoration is completed within a certain time frame.)

• Incentives. Common incentives such as greater density, smaller lots, reduced parking, waiver of fees or other considerations are given by some land use codes. These incentives can be part of an overall housing package. (Bonner County offers some incentives for cottage housing and planned unit developments that increase density and allow smaller lots.)

All counties could improve some aspects of their zoning codes to encourage basic accessibility and construction standards, the 2011 “Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice” noted. The report, produced by the Idaho Department of Commerce and the Idaho Housing and Finance Association, provided recommendations for Idaho’s counties, after reviewing their land use codes. The report recommends the following for Bonner County: (BBC Research & Consulting 2011)

• Minimum lot sizes should be lower. Current sizes do not facilitate affordability of housing. Multi-family housing density should be higher.


• There are no affordable housing incentives. Incentives should be offered given the expensive housing.

• Group housing provisions should be added to the code. • Manufactured home parks should be allowed in residential zones. Lower single-family parking

standards should be considered. • The county web site should contain fair housing information and links. • The county should adopt standards for accessibility in new construction.

The report found the lot sizes and dimensions for almost all Idaho counties are too high. County codes also do not contain adequate language for group homes. About 25% of service providers surveyed for the report found “limitations on density” as a modest or serious barrier to fair housing choice (BBC Research & Consulting 2011).

HOUSING TRENDS AND

PROJECTIONS Activities in home sales and building construction as well as real estate prices have ridden the roller coaster of the recession and recovery in the past 10 years. From a peak in 2006, median home sale prices dropped 25% nationwide. Home sales in 2013 and 2014 show the northern Idaho counties as well as the nation are in the midst of a real estate recovery, although the prices have not returned to the pre-recession highs of 2006. Bonner and Boundary counties lagged about a year behind the national recovery, which began in about 2011 (Haynes and Rief 2015).

The Selkirk Association of Realtors® (SAR) chart below tracks the median home sale prices, from the pre-recession through the start of the economic recovery. The chart shows Bonner County dropped below the national median sale price and has yet to recover to previous levels. (Median home price is midway point of all houses sold; one half would be more than the median price and one half would be less.)


Bonner County’s real estate market, statistically speaking, looks healthy, based on home sales. Data reveal a 29% increase in sales in 2014, compared to 2012. However, the State of Idaho sold about 50 leased cottage sites at Priest Lake in 2014, skewing the sales figures. When the state lease site sales are taken out of the equation, prices increased about 22%. Leading into 2015, median home sale prices were continuing to rise at a faster clip than the national average. Bonner County’s year-round resort attractions and waterfront properties do “demand a premium” and affect the average home prices in the area. The most active areas for real estate sales have been Priest Lake/Priest River, Sandpoint/Dover, and Hope/Clark Fork. Buyers, in addition to the immediate area, mostly come from Spokane and Canada, followed by “everywhere else.” (Haynes and Rief, Past President of Selkirk Association of Realtors; Executive Director 2015). Based on MLS listings, the number of properties for sale has dropped from a 16-month inventory to a nine-month inventory (Haynes, North Idaho Real Estate Recap 2014: The Market Continues to Improve 2015). The number of single-family homes sold in the region and number of building location permits issued by Bonner County has followed the recession and recovery cycle as shown in the graphics below.

Single-family home sales (Number of units)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Kootenai County 2,765 2,290 1,781 1,983 2,260 2,286 2,411 2,971 2,971

Bonner County 681 693 442 418 457 516 615 641 729

Boundary County 162 143 97 91 105 101 121 150 155 (Haynes, North Idaho Real Estate Recap 2014: The Market Continues to Improve 2015)

Selkirk Association of Realtors®


Prices for vacant land have remained relatively stable in Bonner County since 2010. From 2003 to 2007, there were dramatic climbs in value, followed by plunges during the recession. Former SAR President Jim Haynes charted land sales over nearly a decade. He found the median sales price of vacant, 5- to 10-acre sized land in 2003 in Bonner County was $39,250. By 2007, the median price jumped to $120,000, then dropped to $60,000 by 2010. (See graph below.) The current, relatively flat prices have been attributed to lending standards for bare land, often requiring large down payments, and a large inventory of vacant land. The number of vacant lots for sale has held at about 1,100 for nearly six years and represents “years of inventory” (Haynes and Rief, Past President of Selkirk Association of Realtors; Executive Director 2015). Price per acre of land drops as the overall size of a parcel increases, and the price per acre decreases the farther north the property is located in the Panhandle, according to data compiled by SAR and the local Selkirk Multiple Listing Service (MLS) (Haynes, Land Values: Where Are They Now? 2014).

900

596 659 617 675

844 844

1165

1384

990 962

750

534 510 476 472

637 675

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014YEAR

Bonner County Planning Department Building Location Permits 1997-2014

# of BLPs

Bonner County Planning Department


DISTRESSED PROPERTIES FORECLOSURES AND SHORT SALES In the second quarter of 2012, Bonner County saw 150 homes on the market with a median sales price of $173,000. Of those homes on the market, 30% of them were distressed properties (Walker 2013) - - 40 of them foreclosures; the other five were short sales. Distressed property is under a foreclosure order or is advertised for sale by its mortgagee. Distressed property usually fetches a price that is much below its market value (Business Dictionary n.d.). A short sale is the sale of a home for less money than is currently owed the lender on the outstanding mortgage being foreclosed upon (Realty Trac n.d.). Foreclosed homes saw a median price of $121,667, while the median price for short sales was $110,000. In contrast, the median price for non-distressed home sales was $196,000. Though the number is not as high, neighboring counties of Boundary and Kootenai had distressed property numbers of 26.1% and 29.6%, respectively.

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000

$120,000

$140,000

$160,000

$180,000

$200,000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Sale

s Pr

ice

Year

Median Sold Land Prices 5-10 Acre Parcels *

Bonner County

Boundary County

Kootenai County

(Haynes, Land Values: Where Are They Now? 2014) & Selkirk/Coeur d’Alene MLS

“Distressed properties are what drive the prices down in your neighborhood and town, because a bank can continue to lower the price of a home until it sells; as a result, the other non-distressed properties that are on the market (owned by regular people) are forced to compete with that pricing keeping home prices down.” (Walker 2013)


Total Homes

MedianFore-

closuresMedian

Total Homes

MedianFore-

closuresMedian

Total Homes

MedianFore-

closuresMedian

2012/ Q2 150 $173,000 40 $121,667 23 $131,000 6 $118,500 648 $154,000 110 $125,000 2012/ Q3 184 $184,100 23 $120,000 50 $131,250 7 $85,886 711 $175,000 95 $142,000 2012/ Q4 163 $175,000 20 $125,000 24 $147,000 4 $112,250 607 $179,784 73 $125,000 2013/ Q1 116 $168,000 25 $91,500 39 $154,500 2 $112,400 523 $173,000 89 $118,000 2013/ Q2 176 $186,375 29 $95,000 36 $145,500 4 $162,900 857 $180,000 66 $125,875 2013/ Q3 181 $225,000 14 $97,000 39 $150,000 4 $210,950 922 $188,025 49 $129,000

Time Period

Short Sales

MedianNon-

DistressedMedian

Short Sales

MedianNon-

DistressedMedian

Short Sales

MedianNon-

DistressedMedian

2012/ Q2 5 $110,000 105 $196,000 0 $ - 17 $131,000 82 $147,500 456 $183,750 2012/ Q3 9 $144,200 152 $208,500 0 $ - 43 $155,000 89 $128,750 527 $195,000 2012/ Q4 16 $126,750 127 $195,000 1 $182,900 19 $147,000 68 $157,250 466 $187,250 2013/ Q1 10 $182,500 81 $179,500 3 $152,200 34 $166,500 65 $176,760 369 $186,500 2013/ Q2 10 $189,875 137 $201,000 0 $ - 32 $145,500 69 $153,000 722 $190,000 2013/ Q3 2 $187,500 165 $240,000 1 $105,000 34 $152,500 35 $135,000 838 $194,144

Kootenai CountyBoundary CountyBonner County

Table Source: Information shown in the table compiled by Jim Haynes, REALTOR®, Century 21 RiverStoneTable included in "Foreclosures and Short Sales Declining in Sandpoint," October 31, 2013 by Sherry Walker. http://www.sandpointrealestatenow.com/foreclosures-and-short-sales-in-sandpoint.

Time Period

BONNER, BOUNDARY AND KOOTENAI COUNTIES’ FORECLOSURE RATES, 2ND QUARTER 2012-3RD QUARTER 2013

Between the 2nd and 4th quarters of 2012 and into the 1st quarter of 2013, the rate of distressed properties dipped but then surged again, especially for Bonner and Kootenai counties. By the 3rd quarter of 2013, the percentage of distressed properties in Bonner, Boundary and Kootenai counties had fallen to 8.8, 12.8 and 9.1 percent. In Bonner County, the median price of the 181 homes on the market increased to $225,000, while the foreclosure median price fell to $97,000 and the short sales median price increased to $187,500. The median non-distressed home sold for $240,000.

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

2012/ Q2 2012/ Q3 2012/ Q4 2013/ Q1 2013/ Q2 2013/ Q3

Bonner County

Boundary County

Kootenai County


As of February 2015, according to RealtyTrac.com, the rate of foreclosures for all properties (commercial and residential) in Bonner County is equivalent to 1 foreclosure in every 4,308 properties. Bonner County’s rate was lower than both Boundary and Kootenai counties, which have rates equivalent to 1 in 3,847 and 1 in 2,794 properties, respectively. Foreclosures experienced in these three northern Idaho counties take place at a lower rate than those seen in Idaho as a whole and in several communities located in Ada County – Kuna and Star.

In Bonner County though, there is a significant difference in foreclosure rates between the cities of Priest River and Sandpoint. Sandpoint’s rate is equivalent to 1 in 9,373, whereas the rate in Priest River is equivalent to 1 in 1,776…closer to that of Ada County (Realty Trac n.d.).


ISSUES The data compiled for this component revealed the following housing issues:

• Rising median values of homes. (from $124,500 to $236,300 in one decade); • Rising ratios of rent or mortgage costs to income; • An aging population posing cost and accessibility issues; • Homelessness and the need for programs to address the immediate shelter issues and the longer-

term job needs; • Foreclosures and employment numbers; • Work force housing near work areas; • Heating sources and fuel costs; • Second-homes in Bonner County and the effect on services, economy, and affordability; • Availability of diverse housing and development choices, such as cluster and cottage development,

rural conservation subdivision, and other options; • Compatibility of new development with existing neighborhoods; • Housing in hazardous areas, including the Wildland/Urban Interface and floodplains.

OBJECTIVES & POLICIES • Bonner County encourages the development of safe, affordable housing. • Bonner County supports the use of accessory dwelling units in appropriate neighborhoods, with

standards that limit impacts to neighbors and public services to facilitate opportunities for affordable housing.

• Bonner County encourages the use of planned unit developments or cottage housing as a means to reduce infrastructure and transportation costs and to create more affordable housing.

• Bonner County recognizes opportunities should be created for living and group shelters, where appropriate services and access to transportation and emergency services are available, to provide adequate housing for the elderly, those who are mentally or physically challenged, and for those needing specialized training, education or protection in boarding schools or other residential settings.

• Bonner County should encourage a mix of residential and commercial uses, where appropriate services and access to transportation are available.

• With its growing recreational industry, Bonner County recognizes the need to provide a mixture of housing types to meet the needs of its work force, seasonal residents and year-round residents.

• To preserve its rural character, Bonner County encourages higher residential density adjoining incorporated cities, where adequate services and infrastructures are located.


ACTION PLAN • In order to ensure Fair Housing issues are addressed, the Bonner County Planning & Zoning

Commission and Planning Department staff should regularly review its land use standards related to housing and schedule discussions with Idaho Housing and Finance Association/Fair Housing Forum to examine recent assessments and recommendations.

• The Planning Department staff and Commission should review county land use laws and zoning districts to broaden housing choices, encourage affordable housing development and sustainable design.

• Planning staff and officials should encourage regional planning efforts with Bonner County and surrounding communities to examine extension of water and sewer services, areas of city impact, and affordable housing options. Bonner County should consider sponsoring annual city/county “Growth Summits,” used in the mid-2000s for examination of area growth challenges and needs.

• Planners should work with Bonner County Emergency Management to address the Wildland/Urban Interface issues and potential hazards.


BIBLIOGRAPHY American Community Survey. Subject Definitions. 2013.

http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/data_documentation/SubjectDefinitions (accessed 2015).

Bassett, Chris, interview by Clare Marley. Executive Director, Bonner Community Housing Agency (March 20, 2015).

BBC Research & Consulting. "2011 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice." Boise, ID, 2011.

BBC Research & Consulting. Housing Needs Assessment, Bonner County. Denver, CO: BBC Research & Consulting, 2007.

Bonner County Assessor's Office. January 14, 2015.

Bonner County Department of Emergency Management, Tetra Tech. All-Hazard Mitigation Plan for Bonner County Idaho. Sandpoint, ID: Bonner County, ID, 2010.

Bonner County. Land Use Component, Bonner County Comprehensive Plan. Sandpoint, ID: Bonner County, 2005.

Bonner County. Population Component, Bonner County Comprehensive Plan. Sandpoint, ID: Bonner County, 2013.

Business Dictionary. n.d. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/distressed (accessed March 24, 2015).

Encinas, Rhonda, interview by Clare Marley. Executive Director of Priest River Ministries - Advocates for Women (March 10, 2015).

Environmental Protection Agency. Sandpoint, Idaho, PM10 Maintenance Plan Summary, Region 10. May 3, 2013. yosemite.epa.gov/r10/airpage.nsf/8be3ce98191c7f0988256c140074ee64/46290d390c6c9eb188257b56006dfda3!OpenDocument (accessed March 5, 2015).

Fair Housing Forum. Fair Housing Compliance: Local Government Considerations. n.d. http://fairhousingforum.org/wp-content/uploads/ (accessed January 14, 2015).

Harvill, Tom, interview by Clare Marley. Idaho Panhandle Habitat for Humanity, Board President (January 16, 2015).

Harvill, Tom, interview by Brian Cole. Idaho Panhandle Habitat for Humanity, Board President (July 18, 2011).

Haynes, Jim. "Land Values: Where Are They Now?" Sandpoint, ID, 2014.


Haynes, Jim. "North Idaho Real Estate Recap 2014: The Market Continues to Improve." Sandpoint, ID, 2015.

Haynes, Jim, and Stephanie Rief, interview by Clare Marley and KayLeigh Miller. Past President of Selkirk Association of Realtors; Executive Director (February 17, 2015).

Headwaters Economics. Home Development on Fire-Prone Lands West-Wide Summary. Bozeman, MT: Headwaters Economics Inc., 2007.

Idaho Housing and Finance Association. Homelessness in Idaho 2014 Point-In-Time Count Report. Boise, ID: Idaho Housing and Finance Association, 2014.

Idaho Housing and Finance Association. Homelessness in Idaho 2015 Point-In-Time Count Report. Boise, ID: IHFA, 2015.

Idaho Housing and Finance Association. Northern Panhandle Idaho Assisted Housing Directory. Boise, ID: IHFA, 2014.

Idaho Housing and Finance Association, Idaho Department of Commerce. Five-Year Strategic Plan for Housing & Community Development Programs. Boise, ID: IHFA, Idaho Department of Commerce, 2010.

Martinsen, Tamie, interview by Clare Marley. Supportive Housing Manager (February 9, 2015).

Realty Trac. Real Estate Guides. n.d. http://www.realtytrac.com/real-estate-guides/foreclosure-prevention/short-sale-to-stop-foreclosure (accessed March 24, 2015).

Rogers, Wiley. Affordable Housing in the Rockies, Housing a Region in Transition. Colorado Springs, CO: Colorado College, 2008.

Transitions in Progress. Transitions in Progress Services. 2015. http://transitionsinprogress.org (accessed February 10, 2015).

U.S. Census Bureau. 1980 General Census of Housing Archives Web Site. 1980. https://archive.org/stream/1980censusofhous80114unse#page (accessed December 16, 2014).

—. 1990 Census of Housing, General Housing Characteristics - Idaho. 1990. https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/ch1/ch-1-14.pdf (accessed December 16, 2014).

U.S. Census Bureau. 2010 Census. U.S. Department of Commerce, 2010.

—. American Community Survey 5-year Estimate 2009-2013. 2014. (accessed 2014).

—. American FactFinder. n.d. http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/ (accessed January 28, 2015).

—. American FactFinder 2009-2013 Median Home Value, American Community Survey 5-year Estimates. n.d. http://factfinder2.census.gov (accessed December 16, 2014).


U.S. Census Bureau. American FactFinder: Population and Housing Narrative Profile 2010-2012. U.S. Census Bureau, 2012.

U.S. Census Bureau. Housing & Population Data. U.S. Department of Commerce, 2000.

U.S. Census Bureau. Idaho: 2010, Population and Housing Unit Counts. U.S. Department of Commerce, 2012.

—. New Residential Construction Definitions. June 28, 2012. https://www.census.gov/construction/nrc/definitions/#hud (accessed February 25, 2015).

University of Idaho. Housing Affordability in Idaho 1979-2000. Moscow, ID: University of Idaho, 2008.

Walker, Sherry. Sandpoint Real Estate Now. October 31, 2013. http://www.sandpointrealestatenow.com/foreclosures-and-sort-sales-in-sandpoint (accessed March 24, 2015).


APPENDICES Housing Charts, Graphs & Maps


HOME HEATING SOURCE CHARTS

21.04%

12.74%

30.81%

3.30%

0.05%

30.90%

0.07%

0.81%

0.28% House Heating Fuel

Bonner County (Total Occupied Housing Units 17,388)

U.S. Census Estimates Utility gas

Bottled, tank, or LP gas

Electricity

Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.

Coal or coke

Wood

Solar energy

Other fuel

No fuel used(U.S. Census Bureau 2014)

51.25%

5.12%

32.64%

2.03% 0.09%

7.78%

0.04%

0.82%

0.25%

House Heating Fuel Idaho (Total Occupied Housing Units 579,797)

U.S. Census Estimates Utility gas

Bottled, tank, or LP gas

Electricity

Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.

Coal or coke

Wood

Solar energy

Other fuel

No fuel used


HOME HEATING SOURCE STATISTICS

BONNER COUNTY CITIES - HEATING SOURCES The primary heating sources within Bonner County’s nine incorporated cities, based on the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, indicates that the three primary house heating fuel are wood , electricity and utility gas, but not always in that order. In four communities (Clark Fork, Oldtown, Ponderay and Priest River), electricity is the primary source. In three communities (Dover, Kootenai and Sandpoint), utility gas is primary with close to or above 50 percent of the households using such fuel, with the secondary source for the latter two being electricity. Use of wood fuel for heating households within these three communities is less than 10 percent.

For five cities within the county - Clark Fork, Dover, East Hope, Hope, Oldtown, and Priest River, wood is either the primary or secondary source of heating fuel for households in the community.

HOUSE HEATING FUEL Clark Fork City

Dover City

East Hope City

Hope City

Kootenai City

Oldtown City

Ponderay City

Priest River City

Sandpoint City

Occupied housing units 314 245 121 43 351 95 555 729 3,294 Utility gas 8.0% 55.1% 6.6% 0.0% 57.0% 0.0% 28.5% 1.9% 49.9%

Bottled, tank, or LP gas 19.4% 0.0% 19.0% 16.3% 0.0% 5.3% 1.3% 1.6% 0.7% Electricity 39.5% 21.6% 22.3% 25.6% 33.9% 66.3% 61.3% 44.7% 43.2%

Fuel oil, kerosene, etc. 7.0% 0.0% 20.7% 9.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 21.5% 0.0% Coal or coke 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Wood 26.1% 23.3% 30.6% 48.8% 9.1% 28.4% 8.3% 28.8% 5.9% Solar energy 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Other fuel 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 1.4% 0.2% No fuel used 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. DP04: Selected Housing Characteristics. http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_B25040&prodType=table


MAP OF BONNER COUNTY HOUSING DISTRIBUTION

chapter 12: housingchapter 12: housing idaho code §67-6508 (l) requires the following for the...

Documents