chapter 11: political developments in the early republic mr. meza 8 th grade u.s. history
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 11: Political Developments in the Early Republic
Mr. Meza8th Grade U.S. History
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11.3 “Washington as President”
• New government lacked funds • The excise tax upsets farmers in Pennsylvania • The Whiskey Rebellion• The French Revolution• Washington’s farewell address points out two
threats– Problems with countries– Political disagrements
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1. What three departments made up President Washington’s cabinet?
• Department of State = handle relations with other countries
• The Department of War = to defend the nation
• The Treasury Department = oversee the nation’s finances
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2. What did Congress agree to do in 1791, why?
• Placed an excise tax on whiskey and other luxury goods (production or sale of a product)
• Because the new government lacked funds
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3. What happened in western Pennsylvania in 1794?
• The Whiskey Rebellion• Tax rebels (“Whiskey Boys”) tarred and
feathered tax collectors
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4. How did President Washington react to the rebellion?
• Viewed the rebellion as a threat to the authority of the Nat‘l government
• Led 13,000 troops to stop the rebellion
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5. According to Washington, what two threats faced the nation’s
future?• Problems with other countries• Fighting with parties could tear the country
apart
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11.4 – “Alexander Hamilton and the Federalist Party”
• Delegate from New York born in the West Indies
• Limit the power of the common people• “Best people” – educated, wealthy, public-
spirited men• Strong economy/national bank, 1791• Loose construction – flexibility or broad
interpretation of the Constitution • The French Revolution
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6. Characteristics of the Federalist Party..
• Favored strong central government • National bank• The “best people” rule – wealthy, educated
men • Minimal power to common people
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7. What did Hamilton believe would make the U.S. great?
• A strong economy • National bank
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8. What is loose construction?
• To give Congress powers not specified in the Constitution
• Allow Congress to create a national bank
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9. What would a national bank provide?
• Help collect taxes • Print paper money• Loans for businesspeople (factories and ships)
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10. Why did Federalist favor a good relationship with G.B.?
• G.B. was a powerful country the U.S. would hope to become one day
• Powerful and respected
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11.5 “Thomas Jefferson and the Republican Party”
• Opposed federalist views on a national government and supported a state government
• Democracy (informed citizens make good decisions)
• Strict construction – only powers specified in the Constitution
• Economy based on agriculture
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11. Characteristics of the Republican Party..
• Believed in a small government with limited powers
• Common people should have power
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12. What is Strict Construction?
• Narrow interpretation of the Constitution• Congress only had the powers specified in the
Constitution
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13. What kind of government was favored by Republicans?
• Believed state governments were closer to the people and easy to control
• Limited powers
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14. What were republican views on the economy?
• Favored an economy based on agriculture • National bank only loaned to businessmen not
farmers
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Federalist vs. Republicans
Americans
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15. What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
• A set of laws aimed at non-citizens • Republicans saw it as an attack to their party
and their freedom of speech and press
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16.What is the state rights theory?
• Rights not specifically given to the federal government remain with the state
• States could nullify laws = refused to recognize federal laws
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17. What is the twelfth amendment?
• (1804) Calls for the Electoral College to cast separate ballots for president and vice-president
• Was added to avoid ties in a presidential election
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18. Why is the election of 1800 considered a peaceful revolution?
• Power passed from one party (Federalist) to another (Republican) without violence