chapter 11 motion. wrap up f.o.r. an object or point from which motion is determined? the most...
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Chapter 11Motion
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Wrap Up F.O.R.
An object or point from which motion is determined?
The most common frame of reference?
Under what conditions might a car moving alongside your car appear to be moving backwards?
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Motion Motion – is a change in position relative
to a frame of reference. Motion is measured by distance and time
1. Distance is measured in meters or kilometers.
2. Time is measured in seconds or hours.
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Motion Change in position in relation to a
reference point.
Reference point
Motion
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Speed
Speed – is the distance traveled by a moving object per unit of time.
speed = distance time
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Speed(How fast an object is moving)
For example, 30 miles per hour means object travels distance of 30 miles in an elapsed time of one hour. Write as,
(SPEED) =(Distance traveled)
(Time elapsed)
30 miles per hour = 30 miles
hour
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speed = distance time
What is the speed of a jet plane that flies 7200 km in 9 hours?
Step 1 Write down the given information. Step 1 Write out the formula. Step 2 Substitute given numbers and
units Step 3 Solve for unknown variable.
!!!Make sure the units are written!!!
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Speed – Distance - Time
How Far? Distance is related to Speed
Distance = Speed x Time
How Long? Time is also related to Speed
Time = Distance
Speed
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Self Check
What is the average speed of a cheetah that sprints 100 meters in 4 seconds? How about if it sprints 50 meters in 2 seconds?
In both cases 100/4 = 50/2 = 25 meters/second.
A car has an average speed of 100 kilometers per hour. How far does it travel in 60 minutes?
Distance = (100)x(1 hour) = 100 kilometers.
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Your school bus travels 45 mph during a 15 minute ride to school, how far is your ride?
Suppose that you can run 3.5 m/s. How long would it take you to run 11 m?
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More speed problems
Suppose that you sprint 100 meters in 9.5 seconds (look out Usain Bolt!), but then slow down a little and run the next 50 meters in 7.3 seconds. What is your overall average speed?
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1-23-09 Day 2
Speed Practice Turn In
Graphing Speed
Motion Quiz
Homework Summarize
Notes Complete Slope
WS Read-Highlight-
Answer Read Chapter 11
Section 2
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Velocity speed in a given direction.
Velocities in the same direction: (+) Add + = 2m/s E + 1m/s E = 3m/s E
Velocities in different directions: (-) Subtract
+ = 2m/s E - 1m/s W = 1m/s E
ExamplesExamples•EscalatorEscalator•TreadmillTreadmill
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Average Velocity
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Self checkThe speedometer of a car moving east reads
100 km/h. It passes another car moving west at 100 km/h. Do they have same speed? Velocity?
Same speed but different directions so their velocities are different.
During a certain period of time, the speedometer of a car reads a constant 60 km/h. Does this indicate a constant speed? Constant velocity?
Speed is constant but direction may not be constant so velocity may or may not be constant.
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Graphing Motion
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Slope – slant of a line connecting two points that indicates the change in the Y axis as compares to the X axis.
The slope of the line is directly related to the speed.
Slope – slant of a line connecting two points that indicates the change in the Y axis as compares to the X axis.
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Constant Speed Speed that does
not change.•For constant speed For constant speed the line is straight.the line is straight.
A distance vs. time graph
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Average Speed Measure of speed obtained by
dividing the total distance by the total time.
time total
distance totalspeed avg.
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Graphing MotionGraphing Motion
slope =
steeper slope =
straight line =
flat line =
Distance-Time Graph
A
B
faster speed
constant speed
no motion
speed
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Wrap Up
What is Motion? What is speed? How is it calculated? What is average speed? What is the significance of slope on
a distance-time graph? What is velocity?