chapter 10 tolerancing printing instructions: print handouts select file, print edit the following...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 10
Tolerancing
Printing Instructions:Print handouts
Select File, Print
Edit the following selections to read:
Select the OK button
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TolerancingTolerancing Tolerances are used to control the
variation in size that exists on all manufactured parts.
The amount that a size is allowed to vary depends on the function of the part & its assembly.– electric drill vs. jet engine
The more accuracy required in a part (smaller tolerance) the greater the cost.
Tolerances allow for interchangeable parts, which permits the replacement of individual parts in an assy. instead of replacing the whole system if a part goes bad or fails.
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ToleranceTolerance Tolerance is the total amount a
dimension may vary. It is the difference between the maximum size and the minimum size.
Tolerances can be expressed on a drawing in several ways: – direct limits, or as tolerance values
applied directly to a dimension. (Fig. 10.8)
– geometric tolerances (Fig. 10.25)– notes referring to specific
conditions– A general tolerance note in the
titleblock. (Fig. 10.7)
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DimensionsDimensions Limit dimensions:
Plus/minus dimensions:– unilateral
– bilateral
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Tolerancing TermsTolerancing Terms Nominal size: the “name” or general
size. Often expressed as a fraction. Basic size: the theoretical size used as a
starting point for the application of tolerances. Nominal size in decimal format.
Actual size: the measured size of the finished part.
Limits: the maximum & minimum sizes shown by the toleranced dimension.
Allowance: the min. clearance or max. interference between 2 parts.
MMC: the condition of a part in which it contains the most amount of material.EX: biggest shaft or smallest hole.
LMC: the condition of a part in which it contains the least amount of material.
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Tolerance, MMC, LMC?Tolerance, MMC, LMC?
Limit dimensions:
Plus/minus dimensions:– unilateral
– bilateral
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Complete Worksheet TOL-1
Complete Worksheet TOL-1
Remember x.xxxx– I.e. 0.1234– I.e. 2.1200
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FitFit Fit: the degree of tightness between
mating parts. The three most common types of fit
found in industry are:– Clearance fit - there is always a
space between the 2 mating parts. (shaft is smaller than the hole)
– Interference fit - the 2 mating parts always interfere with one another in assembly. (shaft is bigger than the hole)
– Transition fit - sometimes a clearance fit & sometimes an interference fit between the mating parts.
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Clearance FitClearance Fit
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Interference FitInterference Fit
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Do on ownpage 335, Figure
10.1a
Do on ownpage 335, Figure
10.1a
•Hole Tolerance?
•Shaft Tolerance?
•Minimum clearance?
•Maximum clearance?
•Allowance?
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Complete Number 1 of Worksheet 66
Complete Number 1 of Worksheet 66
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ANSI Standard FitsANSI Standard Fits A group of English usit tolerance
relationships called preferred precision fits have been developed. They are specified in ANSI B4.1.
The five classes are:– Running & sliding fits (RC)– Clearance locational fits (LC)– Transition locational fits (LT)– Interference locational fits (LN)– Force or shrink fits (FN)
These tolerances are specified in Appendix 5 through 9, pages a25-a32. The values in these tables are given in THOUSANDTHS of an inch. Example: 1.2 = 0.0012
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Class RC9: Running & Clearance Fit
Basic DIA = 2.0000
Class RC9: Running & Clearance Fit
Basic DIA = 2.0000
Hole
Shaft
Shaft Tolerance = Hole Tolerance = Max. Clearance = Min. Clearance =
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Class FN2:Medium Drive fit
Basic DIA = 0.5000
Class FN2:Medium Drive fit
Basic DIA = 0.5000
Hole
Shaft
Shaft Tolerance = Hole Tolerance = Max Interference = Min Interference =
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Complete Worksheets Tol-2, Tol-3 and 66
Complete Worksheets Tol-2, Tol-3 and 66
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Metric Fit - TermsMetric Fit - Terms Basic size: size to which limits of
deviation are assigned. (Fig.10.1, p 343)– Must be same for both parts– Basic sizes selected from chart in Table
10.2 Deviation: difference between the
actual size and the basic size. (Fig. 10.14)
Upper deviation: difference between the max. size limit & the basic size.
Lower deviation: difference between the min. size limit & the basic size.
Fundamental deviation: the deviation closest to the basic size. (Fig. 10.18)– Capital H indicates Hole – Lowercase letter, I.e. f , indicates shaft
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Metric Fit – Terms cont’dMetric Fit – Terms cont’d
International Tolerance Grade (IT): a group of tolerances that vary depending upon the basic size, but have the same level of accuracy within a given grade. (Fig 10.18)– There are 18 IT grades. The
smaller the grade number, the smaller the tol. zone.
– See Appendix 10 for IT grades.
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Preferred Metric FitsPreferred Metric Fits There are 2 systems used to indicate
preferred fits in the metric system.– Hole basis: the system of fits where
the min. hole size is the basic size. The fundamental deviation for a hole basis system is indicated by a capital “H”.
» EX. 50H8
(50 = DIA in mm) (Basic size)
(H = using Basic Hole system) (fundamental deviation)
(8 = closest running fit) (IT grade)
» For mating part 50H8/f7 (Appendix 11)– Hole Limits?– Shaft Limits?– Fit?
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Preferred Metric FitsPreferred Metric Fits The second system used to indicate
preferred fits in the metric system.– Shaft basis: the system of fits where
the max. shaft size is the basic size. The fundamental deviation for a shaft basis system is indicated by a lowercase letter.
» EX. 50h7
(50 = DIA in mm) (Basic size) (h = using Basic Shaft system)
(fundamental deviation)
(7 = closest running fit)(IT grade)
» For mating part 50F8/h7 (Appendix ?)» Limits and Fits?
– Hole Limits?– Shaft Limits?– Fit?
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Try the following problemTry the following problem
Basic DIA 41mm Use Hole Basis System Sliding
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Try the following problemTry the following problem
Basic DIA 41mm Use Shaft Basis System Sliding
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Try the following problemTry the following problem
Basic DIA 58mm Use Shaft Basis System Force Fit
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Look UpLook Up
What type of fit is a 6 H7/s6?
Hole or Shaft Basis System?
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Complete Worksheets Tol-4 and 67
Complete Worksheets Tol-4 and 67