chapter 10, section 1 classical greece and rome
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7th Grade Geography - Swift Creek Middle SchoolTRANSCRIPT
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Classical Greece Classical Greece and Romeand Rome
Chapter 10, Section 1
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What is Classical Europe?What is Classical Europe?
• Ancient Greece and Rome dominate the Classical Period – 800 B.C. to A.D. 400
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Ancient GreeceAncient Greece
• The Classical period of Greece reached its “Golden Age” in the 400s B.C.– B.C. – What does that mean?
• B.C.= Before Christ
• A.D.= Anno Domini (In the year of [the/Our] Lord)
• How does it all work?
• OK – Back to Greece →
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Ancient GreeceAncient Greece
• By that time (400s B.C.), the city-state, or polis, had grown from kingdom to democracy.
• Athens was the home of the world’s first democratic constitution
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Ancient GreeceAncient Greece• Athenian artists produced famous and
influential works of philosophy, literature, and drama.
• The three great philosophers were Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
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Ancient GreeceAncient Greece
• The city-states of Athens and Sparta fought frequently attempting to expand their borders– Persia brings them together briefly
• In the 300s B.C., Philip II and Alexander the Great conquered all of Greece– Alexander’s empire would eventually include
Persia and Egypt and stretched to India
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Alexander’s EmpireAlexander’s Empire
• What lands were included in Alexander’s empire, and how did he influence his empire?
• The empire included Persia and India and stretched into India in the East.
• Alexander spread Greek Culture everywhere he invaded.
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Alexander’s EmpireAlexander’s Empire
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The Rise of RomeThe Rise of Rome
• Rome was settled sometime around 1000 B.C. and dominated much of the Italian peninsula by 700 B.C.
• Because Italy could be easily invaded, the Romans had to develop a strong army.
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The Rise of RomeThe Rise of Rome
• Rome started as a monarchy, but changed to a republic. What is a republic?
• The people of Rome chose two consuls to represent them.
• The consuls reported to the Senate, which was made up of landowners who served for life.
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The Rise of RomeThe Rise of Rome
• Roman law was based of the Twelve Tables.– Bronze tablets on which laws regarding wills,
courts, and property were recorded.
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From Republic to EmpireFrom Republic to Empire
• From 264 to 146 B.C., a series of wars transformed the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
• Conquered peoples were granted Roman citizenship and rights.
• Under the empire, Senators lost their power to emperors.
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From Republic to EmpireFrom Republic to Empire
• In 44 B.C., Julius Caesar was killed before he could become first emperor of Rome.
• In 31 B.C., Caesar’s nephew Octavius becomes Caesar Augustus, first emperor of Rome.– Caesar Augustus establishes the Pax Romana
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The Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire
• The Romans built advanced temples, stadiums, aqueducts, and roads.
• During the rule of Agustus, Jesus of Nazareth was born.– For centuries to follow, Christians were
persecuted in Rome.– A.D. 300s – Christianity becomes official
religion
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The Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire
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