CHAPTER 1

Introduction to Information Systems

CHAPTER OUTLINE

1.1 Why Should I Study Information Systems?

1.2 Overview of Computer-Based Information Systems

1.3 How Does IT Impact Organizations?

1.4 Importance of Information Systems to Society

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Begin the process of becoming an informed user of your organization’s information

systems.

2. Define the terms data, information, and knowledge, and give examples of each.

3. Define the terms information technology, information system, computer-based information system, and application.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued)

4. Identify three ways in which you depend on information technology in your daily life.

5. Discuss three ways in which information technology can impact managers and three ways in which it can impact non- managerial managers.

6. List three positive and three negative societal effects of the increased use of information technology.

Chapter Opening Case

Robert F. Balazik/Shutterstock

E-Mealz

© Alex/iStockphoto

1.1 Why Should I Study Information Systems?

Yuri Acurs/Shutterstock

The Informed User – You!

Homo Conexus You are the most connected generation in history.

You practice continuous computing.

You are surrounded by a personal, movable information network.

© Voon Nam Fook/iStockphoto

Build Your Own Multinational Company

http://www.domystuff.com/

http://www.globetask.com/

http://www.guru.com/

http://www.vworker.com/

http://www.webgrity.com/

http://www.b2kcorp.com/

https://www.elance.com/

© Alex Gumerov/iStockphotoThese examples were created in 2011. How many links are still ‘original’?

Digital Nomads

Source: Media Bakery

They may have location independence but do they have

‘time zone independence’?

IT Offers Career Opportunities

www.simplyhired.com September 4, 2011

“Top Jobs” in AmericaMoney Magazine 2010

Managing Information Resources

Traditional Functions of MIS Department

Consultative Functions of MIS Department

Example: manage data center

Example: create business alliances

© stockbrokerxtra/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Source: Howard Kingsnorth/The ImageBank/Getty Images, Inc.

1.2 Overview of Computer-Based Information Systems

© zu difeng/Shutterstock

Data

Information

Knowledge(Source: © janaka Dharmasena-Fotolia.com; Exactostock/SuperStock; uttamgurjar/Shutterstock)

Computer-Based Information Systems

Hardware Software Database

Network

Procedures

People(Source: Nasonov/Shutterstock; Angela Waye/Shutterstock; alexmillos/Shutterstock; broukoid/ Shutterstock; Mike Flippo/Shutterstock

Capabilities of Information Systems

Perform high-speed, high-volume numerical computations Provide fast, accurate communication and collaboration within

and among organizations Store huge amounts of information in small space

Allow quick, inexpensive access to vast amounts of information worldwide

Interpret vast amounts of data quickly and efficiently Increase effectiveness and efficiency of people working in groups in

one place or around the world Automate semiautomatic business process and manual tasks

Table 1.3

Application Programs

Angela Waye/Shutterstock

E-Discovery Software (IT’s About Business 1.3)

http://www.blackstonediscovery.com/

http://www.cataphora.com/

http://www.clearwellsystems.com/

http://www.autonomy.com/

Source: maxstockphoto/Shutterstock

Types of Information Systems

Information Systems Inside an Organization

Types of Information Systems

Information Systems Among Organizations

Types of Information Systems

Breadth of Support of Information Systems

Functional area information systems

Enterprise resource planning systems

Transaction processing systems

Interorganizational information systems

Types of Information Systems (continued)

Support for Organizational Employees

Office automation systems

Business intelligence systems

Expert systems

Dashboards

1.3 How Does IT Impact Organizations?

IT reduces the number of middle managers.

IT changes the manager’s job.

Will IT eliminate jobs?

IT impacts employees at work.

Ergonomic Products

Source: Media Bakery

When ergonomics doesn’t work

When all else fails…….

Enabling People with Disabilities to Work with Computers

Computer solutions available to

Visually-impaired users

Hearing-impaired users Motor-impaired users

© Harry Huber/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

1.4 Importance of Information Systems to Society

IT Affects Our Quality of Life

Robot Revolution on the Way

Improvements in Healthcare

The Robot Revolution

See video of ASIMO in action

See ASIMO commercial

See video of ASIMO learning

See video of Big Dog robot in action

© Stockbrokerxtra/Age Fotostock America, Inc. ASIMO videos have been removed from YouTube

The Robot revolution (continued)

• Industrial Robots

See video of warehouse robots at work

• Telepresence Robots

See video of telepresence robot in action

Improvements in Health Care

See video of the pill cam in action

See video of daVinci Surgical Robot

See video of Laerdal Sim Man in action

© Stockbrokerxtra/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Chapter Closing Case

• The Problem

• The Solution

• The Results