Chapter 1BOT3015L

Plant Biology Laboratory

Presentation created by Danielle Sherdan and edited by Jean Burns-Moriuchi and William Outlaw

All photos from Raven et al. Biology of Plants except when otherwise noted

Scientifically supported relationships between the major groups of organisms

Tree of life project read more at www.tolweb.org

"The affinities of all the beings of the same class have sometimes been represented by a great tree... As buds give rise by growth to fresh buds, and these if vigorous, branch out and overtop on all sides many a feebler branch, so by generation I believe it has been with the great Tree of Life, which fills with its dead and broken branches the crust of the earth, and covers the surface with its ever branching and beautiful ramifications."

Charles Darwin, 1859

Obscure root of the tree of life

Nucleate cells

Plants Animals

Insects and Arthropods

Vertebrates

Fungi

Prokaryotes (no photo)

Notice also that there are branches that connect to other branches to represent endosymbiosis

Today

• Day-by-day syllabus review• Class policy• Science and maintaining a lab notebook• Plants are our sustenance• Crop investigations

• Day-by-day syllabus review• Class policy• Science and maintaining a lab notebook• Plants are our sustenance• Crop investigations

Chapter 2Characteristics of plant cells

and plant-cell division

From Collin County Community College District BioLab

Elodea leaf

• Cellulosic cell walls

• Plastids such as chloroplasts for oxygenic photosynthesis

• Large vacuoles

Chapter 3Flowering plants

From Outlaw lecture

Evolution and function of floral parts and pollination

Chapter 4Seed and fruit

dispersal

Dandelions disperse by wind

Coconuts disperse by water

Chapter 5Effects of plant

hormones on plant growth

Control, a dwarf plant

A dwarf plant treated with gibberellin, a plant hormone

Chapter 6Germination

Primary Growth

Maize seed consists of seed coat containing the

embryo and nutritive tissue

Germinating maize seed

Chapter 7Experimenting with Guard cells

Guard cells and stomata in the epidermis of Vicia faba

Stomata open Stomata closed

Photos from Outlaw’s lab and also featured on the cover of the scientific journal Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 2002

Chapter 8Data Analysis

BOT3015L student work

Chapter 9Mycorrhizae

Pine tree seedlings

With fungiWithout fungi

Chapter 10 Protists

Colonial green algae

Red algae

Chapter 11 Fungi

Lichens are symbiotic relationships between fungi and green algae and/or cyanobacteria

Morel, one of many edible fungi

Chapter 12Non-flowering plants

gymnospermsbryophytes ferns

Marchantia sp.liverwort Matteuccia sp. Pinus sp.

Today

• Day-by-day syllabus review• Class policy• Science and maintaining a lab notebook• Plants are our sustenance• Crop investigations

Class Policy

Prerequisites

Insurance

Required materials

Attendance

ADA Statement

Academic Honor Policy

Performance and Participation

Safety

Grading

Lab notebookPencilTextbookLab manual

1. Plagiarism2. Cheating3. Unauthorized group

work4. Fabrication5. Falsification6. Misrepresentation7. Resubmission

Prior to each class:Read the lab materialsDrawing listReview questionsProtocols

Attendance and statement of understanding class policy

Today

• Day-by-day syllabus review• Class policy• Science and maintaining a lab notebook• Plants are our sustenance• Crop investigations

Scientific Skills

Keen observations are recorded

The specimen

What are your observations?

How would you best record observations about this specimen?

From Collin County Community College District BioLab

Example drawing

Example drawing of a similar specimen

How does the drawing represent the specimen well?

How could the drawing better represent the specimen?

Record your observations accurately and thoroughly

From Collin County Community College District BioLab

Student work, BOT3015

Record interpretations with drawings that emphasize important aspects

Observing specimens

If your specimen has several cell types, draw a few

cells of each type exactly as they appear and

emphasize important information (e.g. cell-type

distribution, patterns, cell variation, sections) with

diagrammatic sketches and descriptions.

Notebook (left / right)

Left(thinking)

Right(lab work)

• Observations• Solution preparation• Methods• Data collected

during experiment

•Interpretations•Conclusions•Graphs•Ideas for future experiments

•Answers to review questions and objectives

Leave space in front for table of contents

******************************13 June 2005

Treatment of Brassica rapa plants with GA

Time: 10:05 am

_√__ Measure plant heights

1. _20_ mm2. _40_ mm

_√_ Apply 20 µl 100 µM GA to 1st leaf of plants 1, 2 and 3.

___ Apply 20 µl 10 µM GA to 1st leaf of plants 4, 5 and 6.

____ ……..etc.…….

Scientific Skills

Keen observations are recorded

Problem-solving skills

Good organizational skills

Today

• Day-by-day syllabus review• Class policy• Science and maintaining a lab notebook• Plants are our sustenance

– Effects of agriculture on animals– Effects of agriculture on plants

• Crop investigations

Agriculture, the primary means of procuring food since ~10,000 years

ago (less than 1% of human existence)

Human Population

MaizeCalled “Indian corn” to distinguish it from other Old

World Grains, but in American English, the name has been shortened to simply “corn.”

From Outlaw’s garden, BOT3015 lecture

Teosinte and Maize

Effects of selection on morphology

Brassica oleracea

Publix Greenwise Aug. 2005

Crops of the Americas U.S. postal stamps

Today

• Day-by-day syllabus review• Class policy• Science and maintaining a lab notebook• Plants are our sustenance• Crop investigations

– Choose a crop– Research via text and computer– Presentations

World of Domesticated Crops