Chap 9 – Muscles Part IILearning Objectives:1. List the criteria for naming muscles.2. Name the common muscle fascicle

arrangements.3. Define lever, load, and fulcrum. Explain how

these apply to muscles.4. Name and identify the major muscles

identified in class.

Read pgs 176 -194. Learn anterior and posterior muscles (from memory).

PREDICT

• Can you guess how many muscles there are in the human body?

Tips on Naming Skeletal Muscles, pg 185

• _________ of muscle – bone or body region associated with the muscle

• _______ of muscle – e.g., the deltoid muscle (deltoid = triangle)

• Relative _____ – e.g., maximus (largest), minimus (smallest), longus (long)

• Direction of ______ – e.g., rectus (fibers run straight), transversus, and oblique (fibers run at angles to an imaginary defined axis)

• Number of _______ – e.g., biceps (two origins) and triceps (three origins)

• Location of ____________ – named according to point of origin or insertion

• ______ – e.g., flexor or extensor, as in the names of muscles that flex or extend, respectively

Warm-Up Practice: Muscle Arrangements

Muscles consist of fascicles which vary in shape and function.

Instructions: Study the 7 fascicle arrangements shown on pg 180 – 183. Then, complete question #4 on pg 184. Be prepared to share & discuss.

Estimated Time = 8 minutes

Fascicle Arrangements, pgs 180 - 183

Parallel – fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle (e.g., sartorius)Fusiform – spindle-shaped muscles (e.g., biceps brachii)Pennate – short fascicles that attach obliquely to a central tendon running the length of the muscle (e.g., rectus femoris)Convergent – fascicles converge from a broad origin to a single tendon insertion (e.g., pectoralis major)Circular – fascicles are arranged in concentric rings (e.g., orbicularis oris)

A – Fascicles are endomysium-wrapped bundles of muscle fibers

Lateral Muscles of Scalp, Face & Neck, pg 187

Epicranius:

galea aponeurotica

Frontal belly

Occipital belly

temporalis

massester

sternocleidomastoid

trapezius

Splenius capitisplatysma

Corrugator supercilii

Orbicularis oculi

Levatator labii superioris

Zygomaticus minor and major

buccinator

Label your practice diagram pg 192, question #6 as I discuss each muscle.

Warm-Up Practice, pg 185 - 187Instructions: Matching. Write correct answer in your notes next to this slide.

1. Main muscle of the scalp

2. Muscle that depresses the hyoid bone

3. Muscle that closes lips

4. Muscle that holds food between teeth during chewing

5. Muscle that helps depress mandible

6. Protects eyes from intense light

7. Raises eyebrows

8. Rotates head left and right

9. Elevates, protrudes and retracts the mandible

10. Smiling muscle

a) platysma

b) Orbicularis oris

c) Zygomaticus (major and minor)

d) Epicranius

e) Frontalis

f) Sternohyoid

g) Buccinator

h) Sternocleidomastoid

i) Orbicularis oculi

j) masseter

Muscles – Anterior Upper Body, pg 187 & 190

epicranius

orbicularis oculi

zygomaticus

orbicularis oris

temporalis

masseter

sternohyoid

sternocleidomastoid

platysma

trapezius

deltoid

pectoralis major

Triceps brachii

Biceps brachii

brachialisbrachioradialis

Pronator teresFlexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anteriorintercostals

Rectus abdominus

External oblique

Internal oblique

Transversus abdominus

Muscles – Anterior Lower Body, pg190iliopsoas

pectineus

Rectus femoris

Vastus lateralis

Vastus medialis

Tensor fasciae latae

sartorius

Adductor longus

gracilis

gastrocnemius

soleusFibularis longus

Extensor digitorum longus

Tibialis anterior

Review

1

2

3

Review

4

5

6

• Which 2 muscles are used to flex the elbow?

Muscles – Posterior Upper Body, pg 191

epicranius

sternocleidomastoid

trapezius

deltoid

infraspinatus

Teres major

Rhomboid major

Latissimus dorsi

Triceps brachii

brachialis

brachioradialus

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extensor digitorum Flexor carpi ulnaris

Muscles – Posterior Lower Body, pg 191

Gluteus medius

Gluteus maximusIliotibial tract

Adductor magnus

Hamstrings:

Biceps femoris

Semitendinosus

SemimembranosusGastrocnemius

soleus

Fibularis longus

Calcaneal (Achilles tendon)

Review

1

2

3

Review

4

5

6

Study Activity: Reviewing the Superficial Muscles

Instructions: Practice labeling the muscles of the human body in your workbook on pgs 193 & 194.