chap. 4; lesson 4.2 toc: how organisms get energy class: owl pellets

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Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

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Food Chain Lets play the food chain game! m/content/animals/kidscorner/ga mes/foodchaingame.htm m/content/animals/kidscorner/ga mes/foodchaingame.htm

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Page 1: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2TOC:

How Organisms Get Energy

Class: Owl Pellets

Page 2: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

Getting Energy• Everything you do requires energy. All living things need energy to

move, eat, grow, & reproduce• The Sun is the source of all energy in almost all ecosystems. This

makes it the 1st step in most food chains.• Food Chain (w.w) sequence of connected producers & consumers.

A food chain shows how energy flows through an ecosystem.• Producer (w.w) organisms that get energy from Sun & make their

own food.• What is this process called?• Photosynthesis

• Consumer (w.w) organism that eats another organism. • Herbivore- plant eater (primary consumer)• Carnivore- eats other animals (secondary consumer)

• Different levels of carnivore- dog eat cat• Omnivore- eats plants & animals

• Ecosystems also have scavengers/decomposers. Decomposers- consumers (bacteria/fungi) that break down plant/animal waste & return them to the soil. Once there the energy cycle begins again.

Page 4: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

A Day in the Energy CycleUnder a big acorn tree in a grassy field surrounded by trees, a small herd of deer were grazing on freshly fallen acorns. Not far from them was a couple red squirrels scurrying about collecting acorns for winter. The squirrels left behind all the acorns that were rotten and moldy. Across the field, in separate trees sat 2 other animals. A hawk that was keeping a close eye on the squirrels and a man that was keeping a close eye on the deer.• Identify the producers.• Identify the primary consumers.• Identify the secondary consumers.

Page 5: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

Food Webs• Food web (w.w)- group of connected food

chains in an ecosystem.• Most organisms eat more than one type

of food. Ex: rabbit eats grass & carrot, deer eats acorns & grass, we eat all kinds of things.

• The fewer the primary consumers (plants, algae, etc) the fewer the secondary consumers.

Page 6: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

Food Webs

Page 7: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

Class Activity• Create a food web.• Materials: Index cards, markers,

string

Page 8: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

The Energy Pyramid• Each time an organism is consumed, some

energy is used, some is lost as heat, & the rest is stored.

• This means energy is lost each time it passes from one organism to another. 90% of energy is lost. Only 10% passes on.

• Energy Pyramid (w.w)- shows that energy is lost at each level of the food chain.

• The loss of original energy increases w/ each level

• B/c of this energy loss, the higher up on the food pyramid, the fewer organisms.

Page 9: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

The Energy Pyramid

• Remember each levelonly gets 10% of the previous level.

• 1st level has 100%• 2nd gets 10%• 3rd gets 1%• 4th gets .1%

Page 10: Chap. 4; Lesson 4.2 TOC: How Organisms Get Energy Class: Owl Pellets

4.2 Review Q’s 11 points

1. Put the following organisms into the correct order they would be found on a food chain. rabbit, coyote, lettuce, Sun, bear (5 points)

2. In terms of energy; why might it be better to eat foods lower on the food energy pyramid? (2 points)

3. What is the first step in the production of energy in a food chain? (2 points)

4. Explain the difference between primary consumers and secondary consumers. (2 points)