changing eating patterns: the move to healthy...
TRANSCRIPT
CHANGING EATING PATTERNS: THE MOVE
TO HEALTHY FATS
PRESENTER: DR CELESTI JANSEN VAN RENSBURG
DEPUTY DIRECTOR
OVERVIEW
SCIENCE BEHIND FOOD INTAKE
SCIENCE
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
WHO
REASONS WE THINK WE GET FAT
REASONS
FOODS TO EAT
FOODS
TRUTH ABOUT WEIGHTGAIN
TRUTH
CONVENTIONAL WISDOM
WISDOM
FACTORS WE
THINK…
We eat
too
muchWe eat
too
much
fat
We eat
too
much
sugar
We
exercise
too little Slow
metabolism
Hormonal
Imbalances
Big Bone
Structure
Bad
Genes
(DNA)
REASONS WE THINK WE GET FAT
CONVENTIONAL ‘WISDOM’ TELLS US
Calories IN vs Calories OUT
Conventional ‘Wisdom’ Timeline
1848 Thermodynamics –energy cannot be created or
destroyed
1907 – Energy Expenditure vs Intake
1920 – Perverted Appetite –Obesity not a physiological problem but psychological
1950 – Lipids Theory – Keys said that saturated fat
causes heart disease – intro of margarine, veg oils
1977 – Senator McGovern Report – high fat diet caused cancer &
heart disease & obesity = imbalance energy IN and OUT
This lead to:
• Eat less• Avoid saturated
fat• Exercise more
The rest of the world followed USA’s
example and all other research regarding
obesity & weight loss was disregarded and
not published. “Healthy heart diet”
was born
Prof Tim Noakes 2012
Why the ‘Heart Healthy Diet’ is Wrong
Prof Tim Noakes 2012
WORLD & RSA OBESITY STATS
2016
2019Worldwide: Obesity has tripled since
1975
• 1.9 billion adults overweight (39% population)
• 650 million obese (13% population) = total 52% of population
• 41 million kids <5 were overweightor obese in 2016
• 340 million kids and adolescents (5-19 yrs) were overweight or obese
2016South Africa:• 28.3% of population
is obese. Botswana 2nd with 18.9%
• 39% men and 70% women are overweight (15yrs +)
• Fattest country in Africa
• 1 in 5 kids in SA is overweight / obese
Overweight – BMI of 25-30; Obese – BMI >30 (kg/m²)
World Health Organization on Obesity & Overweight
Food Pyramid as we know it
40% from grains & starches
35% from fruit and veg
20% from proteins
5% from fats
1992
FOOD LABELS FOCUS ON FAT NOT SUGAR
Food labels focus on the fat and cholesterol component of food
Low fat vs non-fat vs lite vs full fat
What about the sugar component?
The Truth......
1863 – William Banting lost 21kg through avoiding sugar
and starch
1928 – First Clinical Dietary Trial – 2 men followed LCHF
diet – good effects
1933 – Carbs are singled out – weight loss inversely proportionate to carbs
1955 – Obesity and Insulin Linked – higher insulin levels are linked to less weight loss
1959 – Low carb diet cause weight loss – few
trials published
WHAT IS MAKING YOU FAT?
1. Think of a carb
2. Insulin is secreted
3. Insulin tells body to
stop fat burning & to
store fat
4. You get
hungry
5. You eat a carb meal
6. More insulin is released
7. Digested carbs enter the blood as
glucose
8. Blood sugar levels spike
9. More insulin is
secreted to deal with
blood sugar
10. Insulin stores fat as fat stores &
sugar is turned into fat in the
liver
11. Your fat cells
get fatter
12. You get
fatter…. awww
• INSULIN IS A FAT STORING HORMONE
• INSULIN ALSO AIDS IN THE ABSORPTION & STORAGE OF GLUCOSE
HIG
H C
AR
B D
IET
BURN FAT
HIGH GLUCOSE & INSULIN LEVELS
BURN SUGAR
• “BACK-UP GENERATOR”
• EMERGENCIES SUCH AS
NOTHING TO EAT
• MAIN ENERGY SUPPLIER
• CAUSES HUNGERTO CONTINUE
RUNNING
LOW
CA
RB
HIG
H F
AT
BURN FAT
DECREASED GLUCOSE & INSULIN
BURN SUGAR
• BACK-UP GENERATOR
KICKS IN DUE TO LITTLE SUGAR
• BURN FAT FOR ENERGY
• LITTLE GLUCOSE TO RUN SUGAR
SYSTEM
fats
proteins
carbs
56
77.5
89 10
THANK YOU