Chapter 22 section 2Changes in American Society

Vocabulary Restrict- to confine; to keep within a certain

boundary or limit; to place limitations on something or somebody.

Isolate- to set apart; to separate.Prohibition- a total ban on alcoholic drinks.Bootlegger- a liquor smuggler.Speakeasy- illegal taverns that served liquor

ProhibitionCarry Nation helped with the 18th amendment that

ban the sell of liquor.The 18th amendment was ratified in 1919.During WWI support for prohibition grew.Americans saw it as a way to save grain during the

war.There was a drop in amount of alcohol consumed,

especially working peoples for whom the high price of illegal liquor was an obstacle.

The law was impossible to enforce because it was fairly easy to smuggle liquor into the border of Canada and the Caribbean.

Prohibition (con.)Bootleggers made huge profits from

importing illegal alcohol to places from Canada.

Bootlegging encouraged growth of crime in gangs.

Congress approved the 21st amendment which repealed the 18th amendment in February 1933.

Changing Lives of WomenWomen voted, joined political parties, and were

elected for offices in government.1942- first female governors elected: Nellie

Tayloe Ross in Wyoming and Miriam Ferguson in Texas.

In some states, women still could not serve on juries or keep their own earnings if they were married.

More women were holding jobs.

A New AttitudeYounger women in the 1920’s did not seem

interested in women's rights.“flappers” became a symbol of women in the

1920’s and shocked the older generation.

A New Mass Culture(Model T Ford) Automobiles became a symbol

of the 1920’s.The assembly line was reduced from about 12

hours of work to about 1 ½ hours of work.Middle class families now could afford cars

since the price dropped.

Impact of the AutomobileIn many ways the automobile changed

American life.It became a symbol of individual freedom and

independence.Gas stations, Motels, Roadside restaurants,

and cabins sprang up by newly built highways.

Cars and new roads made it easier for families to go places in the suburbs.

The RadioIn the 1920s the commercial radio was an instant

success. Almost every family could buy a radio.The radio supplied entertainment for many

families after dinner.It turned band leaders, singers, and comedians

into household names.The first radio station in Pittsburg, KDKA, came

about in 1920.

The Movies Movies were also entertaining to people.Millions of Americans went to movies at least once a

week.The first movie were silent films. A piano player or a small group of music players to

provided an accompaniment. in 1927 the first major talking movie (“talkies”) was

The Jazz Singer was a amazing sensationMost Americans adored action films. Comedies were also popular, and actors like Charlie

Chaplin were now celebratesAnimated movies also began in the 1920s and Disney

animations were founded in 1923

Social Conflict Some conflicts were at heart of the Scopes trial

of 1925.A High school biology teacher named John

Scopes.John Scopes was accused of violating Tennessee

law by teaching the theory of evolution to his students.

Evolution was a scientific theory made by Charles Darwin, that life evolved from simpler forms over a period of time.

Religious leaders rejected evolution because it denied the word of the bible.

The Scopes Trial Scopes wanted to challenge the law so he

announced that he taught evolution.The prosecutor was William Jennings Bryan,

he had ran for president three times.The defense attorney was Clarence Darrow, a

famous Chicago criminal defense lawyer.At the end Scopes was convicted and lost his

job.

Racial ConflictAfrican Americans returned to service in

WWI.They wanted to get better homes, paying

jobs, and better neighborhood. Many African Americans moved up North

which was the Great Migration.They were hoping to go to “The Hub”. With many African Americans crowed into a

few neighborhoods, racial tension mounted, in several cities race riots broke out.

Racial Conflict (con.)The worst racial violence occurred in Chicago for

13 days and left 38 people dead and 500 injured.Marcus Garvey spellbinding speaker created the

Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).

Garvey wanted to promote black pride and black unity he says “Up, you mighty race, you will accomplish what you will.”

The KKK were also expressed in the growth in radical tension.

Radical Conflict (con.2)The whites-only Klan didn’t scorn blacks they

also scorned immigrants such as Catholics and Jews.

The KKK spread from the South to the Midwest and the West.

Many scandals of the public in the 1920s cost the Klan much of its support.

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