CORROSION MITIGATION FORCOMPLEX ENVIRONMENTS

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Markets Served:Arctic | Conventional | Deepwater | Enhanced Oil Recovery | Heavy Oil | Industrial | Midstream | Offshore | Oil Sands | Refinery | Shale

Corrosion is complicatedAlmost any aqueous environment can promote corrosion,

which occurs under numerous complex conditions in oil

and gas production, processing, and pipeline systems. No

metal surface or metal-alloy component is totally immune

to corrosion issues, like top-of-line corrosion, under-deposit

corrosion, or pitting, so production tubing and equipment,

processing equipment, separators, pumps, and flow lines are

at risk at literally every step in the production-handling process.

Over the life of a field, irregular fluid flows or evolving

production characteristics can alter corrosion conditions or

even change potential corrosion mechanisms. Multiphase

flows can complicate the task of mitigating corrosion. Oilfield

chemicals applied to remedy other production, processing,

or handling problems could also increase corrosion issues.

Even improper design or misapplication of corrosion mitigation

measures can increase the potential for corrosion.

Expertise is criticalChampion Technologies has worked for over 59 years to

advance the science of corrosion mitigation. Our industry-

leading corrosion experts are among the most well trained

and most experienced in the oil and gas industry.

Through our technology research and development

organization, Champion Technologies creates new corrosion-

fighting chemicals, new treatment strategies, and new service

capabilities to remedy corrosion problems of all types.

Our global corrosion team can be trusted to detect and

treat corrosion issues before they threaten your business

or the environment.

Corrosion is a multi-billion dollar problem. Champion Technologies predicts it, prevents it, and produces chemistries to combat it.

Corrosion costs the oil and gas industry tens of billions of dollars in lost income and

treatment costs every year. In worst-case scenarios, corrosion-induced failure can cause

environmental pollution, property damage, or endanger public safety. Proactive treatment

costs are insignificant compared to the income that can be lost due to unmitigated corrosion.

Corrosion challengesCommon problems addressed by Champion Technologies’

corrosion mitigation programs include:

• Electrochemical reactions involving water and oxygen,

high operating temperatures, or galvanic reactivity

between two metals immersed in an electrolyte

• Acidic gases such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

and carbon dioxide (CO2)

• Biological activity of microbes contained in

produced fluids

• Deposition of solids, sludge, biomass or

reactive liquids

• Any oxygen-containing environment

CORROSION

We analyze your production and processing operations, and

only after developing a thorough understanding of the range

of conditions expected during the life of the project, do we

design a corrosion management plan.

Asset auditWhen you first begin working with Champion Technologies,

we will ask about your asset’s historical and current operating

practices, including:

• Productionrates,temperatureandpressuredata

• Theevolutionoffielddevelopmentandconstructionof

production and processing infrastructure

• Treatmentpatternsofexistingchemicalprograms

• Previouslyexistingcorrosionissues,systemfailures,

associated costs, and the results of root cause analyses

Data analysis and forecastingChampion Technologies uses a variety of software models

to forecast fluid dynamics in production tubing and surface

pipelines, including:

• Topographicalfluiddynamicsanalysis

• Pipelineheatlossdetermination

• Phasebehaviorofproducedliquidsandgases

• Internalcorrosionrisks,corrosionrates,scaledeposition,

wall-shear stress, and elemental sulfur deposition

Additional analytical capabilities to determine corrosion

inhibitor properties include dispersibility and emulsion

tendency testing, materials compatibility testing, foaming

tests, viscosity tests, freeze/thaw stability, and pour

point testing.

By working closely with you, our corrosion experts can

recommend a specialty chemical solution designed for your

specific corrosion issues. We do this by learning and gaining

full knowledge of your production operations and studying

empirical evidence revealing the interrelationships

of dynamic corrosion forces at play.

Diagnosing corrosion conditions and mechanisms

Controlling corrosion mechanism, or mitigating their effects, can be as complex as the

conditions in which corrosion occurs. Champion Technologies begins a corrosion mitigation

program by immediately initiating a collaborative and comprehensive investigation to assess

the situation in the field.

CORROSION

Chemicals and services for the life of your assetChampion Technologies is a committed, capable

partner for the duration of your project

execution. We:

• Assess corrosion problems, recommend

solutions and define treatment objectives

• Manufacture corrosion inhibitors precisely,

blend corrosion-chemical treatments, and

implement and manage treatment programs

• Monitor, measure and evaluate results,

reassess evolving production parameters, and

adjust corrosion mitigation measures to fit

current conditions

CORROSION

Champion Technologies’ state-of-the-art lab testing equipment includes:• Bubbletestapparatustoevaluatethepartitioning

properties of water-soluble and/or dispersible formulations

• Staticautoclavestoevaluatecorrosioninhibitorsat

elevated temperatures and pressures, and under

conditions simulating stagnant areas in natural gas and

crude oil production equipment

• Rotatingcylinderelectrodestorapidlyscreencorrosion

inhibitors under low shear conditions

• Rotatingcylinderautoclavestoreplicatehighflowvelocity

conditions, to simulate partial pressures of CO2 and H2S at

elevated temperatures, and to determine general corrosion

rates by mass loss and localized attack by coupon surface

inspection

• Flowloopstosimulateflowhydrodynamicsoffield

pipelines for evaluation of corrosion inhibitors under

defined shear stress conditions

• Jetimpingementtoevaluatecorrosioninhibitorsunder

extremely high shear conditions

Lab testing

Champion Technologies’ global team of corrosion experts develops and executes field tests

and laboratory testing procedures to validate the accuracy of our initial assessment. Lab tests

simulate actual system operating conditions whenever possible, although some factors, such

as the condition of metal surfaces, random fluctuation of process parameters, or the exact

nature of flow conditions, can be very challenging to simulate.

CORROSION

Additional testing equipment and methods used to evaluate corrosion issues include: optical microscopes, laser profilometer, corrosion

morphology identification, ecoclaves, pit tests, weld tests, Orbisphere tests, EDX analysis,

XRD analysis, cross sectional analysis, scale analysis, 13C and 1H NMR analysis, and

GC/MS analysis.

CORROSION

For decades, Champion Technologies has solved corrosion

challenges by drawing upon the technical, human, and

knowledge resources within our global network of corrosion

scientists and engineers, surface-scientists, material

scientists, application specialists, field sales representatives,

and business development specialists. Resulting empirical

results and lessons learned – both quantitative and

qualitative – have led to the best practices implemented

by our integrated team and outlined below.

Identifying organizational roles and responsibilitiesChampion Technologies’ commitment to our customers’

successes is evident in the communication networks we

have established. Through open dialogue and continuous

familiarization with your organization and culture, we

are positioned to understand your business drivers and

operational challenges, and to better deliver critical

information to the right people as early as possible.

Criticality and risk assessmentChampion Technologies employs industry standard

computer models to predict corrosion rates that we then

validate against field data and experience from other assets.

Together with our proprietary assessment methodology, our

total system analysis gives customers a holistic view of their

operations, pinpointing at-risk corrosion areas that are

often overlooked.

Implementing corrosion mitigation best practices

Chemical and corrosion control matricesControl matrices form the basis of our proactive approach

to corrosion management. These are primarily used to track

and trend the myriad of input measurements that constitute

a comprehensive management program. Key metrics and

performance indicators included in the matrices are

designed around customer goals and objectives to

ensure strategic alignment.

Monitoring and inspectionAlthough monitoring and inspection are essentially

output measurements, they are critical to determining the

effectiveness of a corrosion control program. Comprehensive

monitoring tracks results in the short and medium term that

are ultimately validated by a thorough risk-based inspection

program. Champion Technologies collects, analyzes and

reports data to keep you constantly informed, working as your

partner to preserve system integrity throughout field life.

We know corrosion mitigation is only a small part of an oil or gas asset integrity program,

but the right corrosion mitigation strategy can be the difference between efficient, profitable

operations and chronic unscheduled downtime.

Incorporating experience and practical knowledgeOver several decades of mitigating and remediating corrosion issues,

Champion Technologies has built an extensive collection of practical

knowledge. Housed in a repository of effective practices, this important

information is accessible to our technical staff via a global information

technology network.

Continuous monitoring Champion Technologies thorough, well-implemented monitoring program will help:• Optimizeacorrosionmitigationprogram

• Managetheintegrityofyourproductionsystem

• Facilitatetheimplementationofnewcorrosionchemistry,applicationmethods,

or chemical-delivery points in response to evolving field conditions

CORROSION

Oilfield corrosion challenges are not static phenomena.

Fluid characteristics change over time, resulting in

systems becoming less responsive to established

corrosion mitigation programs. Champion Technologies’

asset integrity management programs go beyond

simply monitoring metal loss. We include multiple

water analyses and microbial monitoring together with

ongoing system and data analysis, allowing us to predict

increases in corrosion risk and respond accordingly.

Our proactive approach is one reason why, time and

again, customers turn to us for help with their corrosion

control strategies.

A Champion Technologies’ asset integrity management

program includes tracking and trending system inputs

and outputs, such as chemical injection rate, and

corrosion monitoring data. Available corrosion monitoring

techniques range from the traditional (corrosion

probes, coupon tests, copper-iron displacement,

water analyses, and other non-destructive inspection

methods) to more advanced, real-time techniques that

may include technologies to accurately quantify metal

loss or measuring parameters indicative of corrosion

rate, such as hydrogen flux in sour environments. As no

single approach provides a comprehensive analysis, we

implement several and rely on the collective strengths

of various techniques to compensate for individual

limitations.

Champion Technologies identifies trends and establishes

key performance benchmarks by a constant revalidation

of two key factors - corrosion inhibitor effectiveness and

application method. We provide fit-for-purpose solutions

that add value to your business while continuing to

advance our corrosion mitigation technologies and

strategies to your benefit. Most importantly, we help

optimize the service life of your oil and gas production

and processing facilities.

Champion Technologies is a true partner in the

achievement of your business objectives.

Optimizing corrosion mitigation and asset performance

The powerful professional and personal relationships we

develop underpin our steadfast commitment to providing

customized, durable corrosion-related production and

processing solutions. We listen. We work shoulder-to-

shoulder with you every step of the way. We demonstrate

the focus and attention to detail such critical work demands.

Backed by our global knowledge organization, our specialists

become valued members of your asset teams.

Pushing corrosion mitigation forwardChampion Technologies actively supports and participates

in professional associations and education, training and

technology-development programs sponsored by industry

consortia, colleges and universities. Through these

affiliations, we collaborate with other members of the global

corrosion community to advance corrosion science through

joint research projects and peer-reviewed technical papers,

and by showcasing our corrosion chemicals, applications

and services at major industry trade shows and conferences.

Through these activities, we stay connected to best practices

in the corrosion mitigation industry and continually augment

our knowledge and understanding of corrosion processes

and mechanisms.

Trusted advisors of corrosion mitigationChampion Technologies has grown to become one of the world’s largest and most

successful oilfield specialty chemical companies because – throughout our existence –

we have focused on understanding the specific needs of each of our customers.

Through our work, we strive to protect our people, our customers, the environment, and the communities in which we operate. We pledge to create chemical corrosion solutions our customers can trust.

Corrosion mitigation in actionCase histories:

Situation:Uncontrolledlocalizedcorrosioninoilsalesline traversing mountainous, environmentally sensitive terrain.

Solution:Replace continuous injection with site-specific Cortron® RU-248 batch treatments. Assess changing well conditions via modeling, inspections and coupons.

Results:Reduced corrosion rates and exposure to environmental risks. Decreased operator’s costs by 75 percent (USD $3,580,000).

Situation: Installation of 400-mile NGL line requires environmentally safe, effective and biodegradable hydrotest chemicals for source water.

Solution:Add oxygen scavenger Cortron® RU-206 five miles downstream of injection pump and environmentally friendly biocide Bactron® K-95 downstream of scavenger.

Results:Hydrotest procedure of filtered source water, gas blanket and cost-effective hydrotest chemicals resulted in non-significant levels of bacteria.

Situation: Corrosion offshore requires environmentally friendly inhibitor that treats overboard discharge and does not form emulsions or cause foam.

Solution:Perform rigorous laboratory and ecotoxicological tests. Continuously apply Cortron® CP-3070, labeled GOLD by a European regulatory agency.

Results:Corrosion was controlled, foam and emulsions were not present and oil-in-water values for discharged water were 15-55 percent lower than the environmental standard.

CORROSION

About Champion Technologies is a global specialty chemical company with 3,100+ employees in

over 50 locations in more than 30 countries delivering innovative and engineered programs

for upstream, midstream, and downstream oil and gas markets. Our integrated offering mixes

sustainable chemistry, technology, and service to enhance your world.

Markets Served:Arctic | Conventional | Deepwater | Enhanced Oil Recovery | Heavy Oil | Industrial | Midstream | Offshore | Oil Sands | Refinery | Shale

Regional Headquarters: Aberdeen, Scotland, UK+44 (0) 1224-879022North Africa, Europe, Middle East Operations Technology Center, Manufacturing

Buenos Aires, Argentina+54 11-4343-1100South America Operations

Calgary, Alberta, Canada+1 403-234-7881Canada Operations Technology Center, Manufacturing

Corsicana, Texas, USA+1 800-477-5353 Manufacturing

Delden, The Netherlands+31 743-775-281 Technology Center, Manufacturing

Dubai, UAE+971-4-2146121

Fresno (Houston), Texas, USA+1 281-431-2561Technology Center, Manufacturing

Geismar, Louisiana, USA+1 225-673-2436Water Solutions Moscow, Russia+7 (495) 981-2558Russia, Caspian, Sakhalin Operations

Odessa, Texas, USA+1 432-363-9105Manufacturing Perth, Australia+61 (8) 9472-9400

Port Harcourt, Nigeria+1 713-627-3303West Africa Operations

Rio de Janiero, Brazil+55 22-2106-6666

Sherwood Park, Alberta+1 780-417-2720 Technology Center

Singapore+65 6733-9482Asia-Pacific Operations

Corporate Headquarters:3200 Southwest FreewaySuite 2700Houston, Texas, USA 77027+1 713-627-3303

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