Gary Ockwell

Efacec Advanced Control Systems

Chief Technology Officer

Challenges of DMS

Control Centers in the

Smart Grid

June 5, 2013

Affected:

• 30 Million Inhabitants

• 800,000 in trapped subways

• 250 Flights at JFK

• 150 Hospitals

Utilities had minimal information and

control capability to monitor and restore

service … led to the creation of SCADA /

EMS ... DMS and to the formation of NERC in

1968

Aug 14 / 03 Blackout

NERC Report:

Root Cause 1: FE Situational Awareness

Root Cause 2: Vegetation Management

Root Cause 3: Reliability Coordinator Ineffective Diagnostics

90% of outages and

disturbances originate in the distribution system

Our Challenges

“Experts say the cascading blackout that put millions of Westerners in

the dark last week was no surprise: Major power outages have more than

doubled in the last decade.”

The largest power failure in California

history left nearly seven million people

without power, affecting :

• San Diego Gas & Electric,

• Imperial Irrigation District

• Comisión Federal de Electricidad, Mexico

• Arizona Public Service

• Western Area Power Administration

Recent Blackout Highlights Nation's Rickety Power Grid

Sep 16, 2011 … In a July interview with ProPublica, FERC

Chairman Jon Wellinghoff said that while the electric grid is

reliable, it is degrading. "It's not getting better," he said. "It's

getting worse."Last week, for example, a mishap involving a

single worker doing repairs on a power station near Yuma,

Ariz., led to rolling blackouts over parts of Arizona, Southern

California and Northern Mexico.

Blackouts disrupt power to at least a third of U.S. homes each

year, and studies show the number of outages is rising.

June 4, 2012

Google search “September 2011 Southwest Blackout”

2.4M hits. #1 hit:……

Hurricanes Irene and Sandy

Created > 85% outages to Long Island and Jersey

Work force grew > 6,000 field crews per utility

“LIPA Customer Bill of Rights”

Assemb. Charles Lavine Nov 20, 2012

1. Establish an Emergency Management

Plan with Poles and Wires Reporting

2. Sufficient customer service

representatives available by phone and

email

3. Regional Restoration Timetable

4. Communication of the Number of Crews

in each Region

5. Critical Infrastructure Identification

for Gas Stations

6. Emergency Management Plan

7. Customer Complaint Feedback

“LIPA Customer Bill of Rights”

… Con’t

What is lacking?

substation

SCADA

substation

SCADA

Classical OMS’ do not meet the demands of the Smart Grid.

Hurricane Isabel was the costliest and deadliest hurricane in the 2003 Atlantic hurricane season. • Winds reached: 165 mph (270 km/h) • Damage: $3.6 billion (2003 USD) • Dead: 16 direct, 35 indirect

“Pepco identified a problem with the link between the Energy Management System and the OMS in major events with an excessively high number of breaker lockouts and momentary interruptions. Specifically, when a breaker would trip in the Energy Management System, the information would be passed to the OMS, which would then perform the appropriate circuit analysis as if the breaker had locked out.

…“there was concern over the validity of the Outage Management System algorithm in the early stages of the restoration, and there was uncertainty about the stability of the Outage Management System based on problems experienced in the late August thunderstorms.”

Classical OMS’ do not meet the demands of the Smart Grid environment.

“Pepco identified this problem and broke the link between the two systems during the outage, creating the breaker lockout notification in the OMS manually.”

* Bridge Energy Group 2013 DistribuTech

*14,000 utilities surveyed in

2013 53% will replace OMS

64 % said “ restoration

management a top priority”

Smart Grid Integration SCADA,

VVC, auto feeder switching

Knowledgeable staff

DMS OMS

Graphic Data Base

Model Interfaces

100 dynamic objects

100K RT Points for large

No model Only SCADA

Usually ICCP

100 dynamic objects

100K RT Points for large

1000 bus LF model is large

Usually ICCP

1M + objects

10K Real time points

1M+ Connectivity model

IVR, CIS, GIS, AMI, etc

1M+ dynamic objects

200K-2M+ Real time points

Connectivity & LF model

IVR CIS GIS AMI RTUs, IEDs

Slope approx 2.57

Slope approx 3.22

“The time has come to abolish LIPA period

Cuomo said, “We want to privatize the Long

Island service.”

Control Center Requirements:

Media Management System

1st

Group Topics

• new technologies, tools, techniques, and

methods for “proof of concept,” pilots ..

• managing fluctuations of renewable

generation through RT volt/var control

• To shift the peak demand and save energy,

using electrical energy storage units

• New techniques in self-healing control in

smart distribution network

2nd Group Topics

• impacts of operating vehicles in G2V and V2G

and V2B

• PMU solutions for distribution automation

systems

• keeping the system stable with large impact load

• CDPF for optimal DER planning, modeling and

coordination

• implementation of CHANGSHA DMS